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E-mail: vanyukhyna_s@ukr.net
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THE ABSTRACT of master's work:
"Estimation of a zone of influence of the Donetsk metallurgical plant on an environment of city of Donetsk"
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The purpose of masterwork is the estimation of influence zone of the Donetsk metallurgic plant on an environment of Donetsk and health of the population.
Now in Ukraine there were only 6 % of territories with a normal environment of residing of people (Zakarpatie, Ivano-Frankovskaya, Chernovitskaya and partially some other western and northern areas).
In territory of Donetsk area which makes only 4,4 % of the area of Ukraine, the fifth part of industrial potential of the country is concentrated. In structure of industrial potential of area 78 % are necessary on ecologically dangerous manufactures where the metallurgic industry makes 42 % .
As before, the cores polluted elements atmospheric air in Donetsk area the enterprises of the coal industry, ferrous metallurgy and thermal power stations continue to remain. By industrial objects of these branches annually in an atmosphere it is thrown out about 83 % of all hazardous substances.
From total of the hazardous substances acting in an atmosphere from metallurgic plants and other enterprises of branch, about 20 % make a dust and about 80 % hazardous chemical substances. In turn hazardous chemical substances include, %:
Technogenic loading Became consequence pollution soils of Donetsk heavy metals.
Ferrous metallurgy concerns to number of branches of large-capacity formation of waste. For example, in Donetsk area in which territory there are seven metallurgical combines and factories, annually 14 million т slags is formed more, domain and steel-smelting manufacture is almost 50 % of these waste formed in Ukraine.
Not looking at significant development in the given direction, the metallurgical complex has a many unresolved problems. In this connection prospects for scientific activity in various directions open. The given work is directed on the decision of some problems which are certain according to an object in view:
- definition of the basic polluted elements in a zone of influence DMZ;
- definition of material and mineral structure wastes of the plant;
- establishment of spatial and genetic communication between a source and the center of pollution, construction of cards of pollution;
- the analysis of the most perspective technological decisions on reduction of harmful emissions and on reduction of pollution of soils;
- the analysis of an existing organizational-economic control system of industrial wastes and consideration of possible ways of reforming;
- analysis of the received results and a substantiation of own recommendations on decrease in negative influence of the plant on environment and health of the population of city.
The greatest importance and scientific novelty at the decision of tasks in view the estimation of complex influence of an iron and steel industry on an environment on concrete examples plays, and also an establishment of communication between concrete kinds of industrial wastes and character of existing pollution.
The basic practical value of work consists in an opportunity of the further application of the received results by development of new technologies of warehousing of waste, reduction of emissions in an atmosphere and dumps in a hydronetwork of city.
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