Abstract
The author's abstract
On a theme of master's work:
"
Construction
MIMD-solvers of the equations on base "
MPI and OpenMP standards"
(The head: the senior lecturer of chair of COMPUTER Malcheva of the R.V.
The adviser: the assistant to chair of the COMPUTER Smagin A.N.)
Introduction. A substantiation of an urgency of a theme
Modelling of dynamic systems with the concentrated and distributed
parametres is an actual problem for all areas of technics and
technologies. Last years methods and simulars are intensively used in
real technical and technological projects for check of reliability of
design decisions and reduction of terms of introduction of projects and
development of operated dynamic systems by attendants act as that as the
major factor which guarantees quality of designing. Playing so important
role in technical and technological progress, modelling as the research
method puts forward a number of requirements to computing systems and
their software as to implementers of models. The analysis shows, that
actual remain working out focused to program parallel modelling (»«»¼ß
environments in which
important the role plays MIMD-reshatel the equations.
The important problem is working out parallel desiders of the equations
for dynamic network objects with the concentrated and distributed
parametres. Problem orientation
is in friendly for the user the
description of object of modelling and solved problems, in a specific
kind of results of modelling, and also in the general drawing up of the
interface of the user.
The purpose and work problems
The purpose of the given work is working out, debugging and experimental
researches MIMD-solver of the equations on the basis of MPI andMPI
и
OpenMP the standards, focused on the decision of problems of modelling
of mine ventilating networks (MVN).
For achievement of this purpose in work such problems are solved:
The characteristic of network dynamic systems as objects of modelling.
Working out of algorithms MiMd-solver
of the equations on the basis
of MPI and OpenMP standards for model NDO(network
dynamic object) with the concentrated
parametres.
Implementation and experimental researches MIMD - desider of the equations
on the basis of MPI and OpenMP standards for NDO with the concentrated
parametres.
Prospective scientific novelty
To carry out the analysis of different approaches to construction MIMD-solver of the equations for modelling of network dynamic
systems with the concentrated parametres that opens positive prospects
of an effective utilisation of parallel computing resources for the
complex decision of problems of modelling MVN.
Experimentally to confirm working capacity of algorithms the decision of
the equations for networks of various complexity.
To create parallel решатели the equations which are
components the
parallel modelling environment that is a certain payment in development
of parallel modelling environments for modelling of network dynamic
objects.
Planned practical value
Practical value of work consists in working out:
Efficient and effective components of the parallel modelling environment,
MIMD-solver the equations for NDO with the concentrated parameters
which allow to solve practical problems of modeling MVN (design,
operational, problems of automation of management);
The software package in language C++ with use MPI and OpenMP, which is a part of software-hardware of the parallel modelling environment which can be applied in the coal industry and in educational process.
That is made to
Bases of modelling support of projects DS(dynamic
system) have been appreciably
fulfilled on analogue and analogue-digital simulars. Intensive
transition has begun with the middle 80 to means of digital modelling:
are developed and
implementation on all types of digital COMPUTERS
blochno - and the equation-focused languages of modeling DS, the
hardware base of modelling - the personal and super COMPUTER, parallel
computing systems SIMD - and MIMD-architecture which have been urged to
compensate absence of super-power parallel processors in modeling
complexes quickly developed.
The concept of distributed parallel modeling DS environment and the
structural organisation of the parallel modelling environment which
basic components are hardware, the system and modelling software have
been in the mid-nineties developed. To hardware of environment access
probably to have as from the workplaces territorially approached to
super-power computing systems (superSISD, SIMD, MIMD), and with
essentially kept away. In the latter case it should be used Internet
technology of access. The structure provides local servers which can
have parallel resources, the focused peripheral equipment and
construction tools of seminatural modelling complexes is modelling.
Active participation in working out SIMD-components DPSE(
distributed parallel simulation environment) the Stuttgart
university took part. The structure of the modelling software has been
in common developed, parallel algorithms of modelling DSCP(dynamic
system with concentrated parameters), DSDP (
dynamic system with distributed parameters )are
investigated, the dialogue subsystem is developed, a number of test
problems is solved.
Implementation algorithms it is executed in
SIMD-language of parallel programming Parallaxis, and experimental
researches - on SIMD-system MasPar. Works were conducted in such
directions: generalisation of experience of parallel modelling at level
of programming languages and working out of SIMD-language of modelling
in interrelation with construction of a subsystem of dialogue; research
of aspects of the object-oriented approach; construction of libraries of
parallel modelling ДСКП, ДСРП; experimental researches
problem the
focused modelling SIMD-environments; application of parallel SIMD-models
in mining and educational process. Last years working out
MIMD-components is actual.
The problem of construction РПМС is a subject of scientific cooperation of faculty VTI with institute of the parallel and distributed super-power computing systems (IPVR) the Stuttgart university. Working out the focused to problem environments is carried out with institute of system dynamics and automatic control (ISR) the Stuttgart university and "Nitrogen" (Severodonetsk). The problem of integration of modelling environments with CAD is investigated together with automation and software institute (IAS) the Stuttgart university.
Current and planned results
It is at present developed:
Approaches to распараллеливанию algorithms of functioning ES(equation solver):
- Based on MIMD to structure,
- Based on SPMD to structure.
Search of variant MIMD - распараллеливания can be conducted within the limits of these program structures.
Process Т11 starts performance of processes. To the beginning of possible parallel performance Т1 "leading" process carries out the big number of consecutive operations and prepares for start operating streams Т 2 … Тn.
Further these processes work in parallel and reach everyone the termination of the program and operation of association which conducts to synchronisation with process Т1 and to terming of streams Т2 … Тn is carried out. At each performance of a parallel code in the program operating streams are generated and named again (fig.1.11).
Fig. 1.1.
The
MIMD-parallel approach
Generating and
determine operating streams causes expenses of
resources. Their economy is reached in SPMD - models
parallel.
In SPMD - models parallel processes (operating streams) are
generated only once at program start. These processes are named in
the end of program performance (fig. 1.2).
Consecutive parts of the program are carried out by all processes,
i.e. it is a question of reusable performance of consecutive codes
of the program over the local data.
Fig.
1.2 SPMD-approach to parallelising
The analysis of these structures shows, that it is necessary to be
guided by the SPMD-organisation solver to carry out the program
on several MIMD-processors. Thus in each processor there will be
initial and final data.
Analyzing variants
parallel operations on calculation of
components X, Y, it is possible to offer a number of variants
virtual MIMD - models of network objects. As the virtual we will
understand model in which in parallel functioning, rather
independent processes in common providing the decision of a problem
are allocated.
The scheme of virtual model which распараллелена on SPMD - to a
principle also corresponds to quantity of branches, it is shown on
fig. 1.3.
Fig. 1.3. Virtual MIMD-model ES (X and Y are not united)
In this model it is provided m virtual processes, each of which
conducts calculation or components X, or Y. After a finding of
current values components X calculation of values of right parts Y
components in which course there is an information interchange
between processes is carried out, further elements Y - components
are transferred to virtual processes components X.
Devirtualisation we name process of display of virtual model (fig.
1.4, fig. 1.5) on the target parallel computing system (TPCS), i.e.
that computing system which is at the disposal of the user. We will
execute
devirtualisation for virtual model (fig. 1.3). As it is
possible to see from fig. 4.5, Х - processes stand idle time part,
besides, quantity of operations which is carried out by these
processes, smaller, than at Y - processes. There is a sense to
execute association Х - processes in groups that will make to X
component, and Y - processes - Y to a component, on purpose to level
loading of processors two component (fig. 1.4).
Fig. 1.4. DevirtualisationMIMD-models ES (X and Y are not united)
During the further work it is planned to realise the received approaches by means of OpenMP technologies and to analyse solver perfomance the equations.
The conclusion
Intensive development of means of information technologies for modelling of difficult dynamic systems gives possibilities for reduction of material inputs and human resources. During the given work it is developed MiMd-solver the equations on the basis of MPI and OpenMP standards. To reach the purposes put before the developer, it is necessary to develop an effective technique of realisation parallel solvers the equations with use of leaders MPI and OpenMP standards. .