Interaction Between Nets in Optical Techniques

V.P.Kojemiako, G.L.Lysenko, V.A.Suprigan

Источник: http://www.vstu.edu.ua/ies2000/doclad/a/a23.htm

Cisco - Optical network activity

Fast acceptance and the accelerated growth Internet have transformed traffic of public networks.
Despite of dominating value of the voice data, the usual data are now "currency" of communication of the 21-st century.
The optical network activity provides the solution of optimisation of transfer of these data. The optical network activity integrates gigabit and terabit interworking with current and emerging of optical technologies and excellently moves the data on very high speeds.
As the data act in public networks in unstable rate, the optical integrated networks will deliver the not paid performance and scalability. They also support reliability and services of ease of management providers.
Cisco Systems, company, which uses Internet to maintain providers and uses network technologies with the purpose of creation of boundary optical integrated networks.
Providers, using Cisco the optical inter-networks with the rich software Cisco IOS, flexibly introduce the new optical characteristics of interworking, as they are developed. A market management and global presence Cisco certify, that technology and the necessary services to the suppliers of the appendices will are accessible both today and hereafter.
Cisco Optical Interworking

Effectively to compete in " new light ", economically operating the data, providers require an effective optical infrastructure effectively to increase volumes of motion of the data. This infrastructure should have ability to switch huge volumes of packages of the information, reliability to operate with the requirements of the requiring customers, and flexibility of usage while unimaginable IP, based the appendices and services [1].
The growth of the data operates planning of an infrastructure

The enterprises, government, consumers, formation - everyone begin to use packages the organised operations Internet in all orbs of life. Internet the Minutes (IP) - is the universal appendix for all organisation of a network.
Irrespective of it of IP a voice (VoIP), IP - video, IP based on means of the communications, or IP, adapting platforms as for example, PCs, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and cellular telephones, - the packages of the data remain dominating.
Providers very fast increase quality of services of time multiplexing (TDM), represented by them with the purpose to conform the requirements " of new light ". As the networks of the data reach the same speeds as the equipment TDM, the advantages before multiplexing TDM decrease.
Connecting platforms of the data immediately in a filament or the WDM-systems, providers not only reduce costs of the equipment, they - also are capable better to use a capability of filaments. And they acquire a capability to support new, higher size, IP-appendix and service, as for example, Web processing and virtual individual networks (VPNs).
To go in a leg with growth of motion and to use the investments, providers owe:
  1. To provide a capability, at which size of the orders it is more, than current platforms to support huge increase of density of port and speed of the interface
  2. To offer a lot of the alternate solutions for connection immediately and effectively in a fiber infrastructure
  3. To provide very fast protection and recovery to support extremely higher expectations of network availability
To 2005году the increase of data transfer in 23 times more than speech motion is planned.
"Today, certainly, the motion of the data becomes always large part of mixing. Actually, this year is main: for the first time, our networks will bring more data than voice... We shall be soon routers of voice networks. " [2].
Optical Interworking - integration of Interworking and Optical Technologies

The optical interworking integrates gigabit and terabit switching and routing with the latest technologies of optical transfer of the following generations, solutions of optimisation of motion of the data. These optical capabilities are integrated immediately in switches and routers, providing the flexible installation of alternatives for construction of networks of the large data, which uses a huge capability of fibre-optical infrastructures.
High-speed routers can be connected immediately fibre, WDMs, and other types of systems of optical transfer, in addition to a conventional method of interface in the equipment TDM.
The lower Cost, Extension of Efficiency of Bandwidt

The optical integrated networks allow creating networks with high throughput IP of services as a share of the cost TDM based of transfer. These consumptions grow out:
- The lower cost of the equipment - optical interworking reduces hardware costs eliminating separate multiplexers TDM. On the other hand, before a capability SONET/SDH were based to abilities of the equipment TDM of interworking, integrated immediately in the optical equipment.
- The effective utilisation of bandwidth -TDM uses static and fixed distribution of bandwidth. The optical interworking of statistical multiplexing allows more completely using optic of a capability of a filament for more effective utilisation of bandwidth.
- The lower costs of operations - with the smaller requirements to devices reach good outcomes, the optical integrated networks - are easier in use and not so roads.
Optical Reliability of Interworking

Internet has created RESEARCH Agency of the Projects (DARPA) as the project of protection of Jointed Staffs with the purpose to develop a very reliable means, which could save the abilities even in case of large-scale wars and to continue to act despite of significant damages of a part of a network. Free from connections (connectionless) a nature IP, the algorithms of dynamic routing, and hardly developed architecture, are those parts, which provide the network basis.
The optical interworking adds new methods to essential reliability of a package, that will supply in future large reliability, than of a capability of today's circuits and ability more to conform the requirements, arising at failures.
Cisco recently has entered a principle of dynamic transfer of a package (DPT), which provides an example of this innovation. The solutions DPT integrate efficiency of bandwidth, with efficiency of services of routing IP with riches of bandwidth and proactive by capabilities of fiber rings to deliver a new generation of the data optimised solution of the fiber transport. The solutions DPT maximize a network noise immunity and availability, that is provided:
  1. Proactive by performance, monitoring of defects and capability of isolation of defects
  2. Intellectual protection of switching for fast recovery of services and network recovery
  3. The extension of a turn in a ring of an elemination through MAC a layer.

The development of technology DPT illustrates new, solutions, oriented on data transfer, which become actual since the services providers have begun to envelop optical paradigm of interworking. Increasing intrinsic elasticity of interworking without installation of logic connection with new capabilities as for example, self-healing package, the optical interworking will supply the network basis with a huge capability, characteristics to support of services IP, and large network reliability than ever before.
Upgrade your Infrastructure

The future will be doubtless behind the centric-data. But many providers have the reliable investments in TDM and circuit - orient the equipment and should protect the investments by transfer on optical integrated networks.
Problem - how in the best way to develop a new infrastructure optimised for a package of the data?
The strategy Cisco of optical interworking provides paths of transfer, with which the suppliers of service can broadcast their investments and to optimise delivery of current services the basis for IP- of optimised networks of the future.
From SONET/SDH and ATM to Optical Integrated Networks

Providers invested billions of dollars in SONET/SDH of a network and Cisco continues to help them effectively to introduce TDM and organisation of a network of the data. Cisco investigated a package over-SONET/SDH (POS) of technologies, which moves IP and other traffic of a package immediately over SONET/SDH, and today this technology is widely carried out worldwide. Cisco also automatic switching of protection (APS). Cisco will continue the investments in integration TDM with more high - speeds, channelled, and, SONET/SDH interfaces increasing SONET/SDH administrative capabilities and the solution, which increase efficiency of organisation of a network of the data above TDM.
For providers, organising ATM in support of the multiservice requirements, Cisco IP + ATM provides advantage as before IP and transport - class ATM in one network.
It actuates:
- ATM-quality of services (QoS) of capabilities, that guarantees realisation that of business - critical operations up to the mark
- IP including the appendices as for example, intranet-processing contents,, VoIP, and service multimedia
As IP + ATM actuates a full functionality of the software Cisco IOS, multiservice of a platform, which start IP + ATM completely integrated in IP optical integrated networks.
Operations of New Light

Cisco Service the Management of a System (CSM) provides the rich installation of operations of tools and appendix, of program interfaces (APIs) in standard technologies which there are and in the today's TMN-compliant solutions, plus objects CORBA and Directory Enabled Networking (DEN) - for designing, provisioning, and definition of the account for services of a network. Using tools Cisco CSM, the suppliers of service can create environments of custom-made operations, which can easily be integrated in systems of existing operations.
" The Networks of New Worlds should " to enter spoilage " with reliability with an innovation. Cisco realises rates of change Internet and vigorously develops reliable optical interworking with self-healing rings and schemes of fast recovery." [2].
Optical Road Card of Interworking - Plan of Five Phases

Five phases Cisco Optical Internetworking Roadmap describes development of methods of deployment of the data optimised backbone networks eventually which are were in process to over-IP-optical to the solutions, ensuring terabit of a capability.
The initial phases of the plan are focused on interoperability and adapt providers for the extension of their existing investments in the TDM-based optical transport, which, as the motion of the data, begins to dominate above their networks. The last phases by this of roadmap adapt deployment of "pure" optical integrated networks based completely in packages of optical technologies. Roadmap reaches a peak level in availability of the optical solutions of interworking offering that by capabilities on the order large than present.
Phase I - data above TDMs

The phase I roadmap in optical interworking provides the solutions of the optical transport based on SONET/SDH the standards, which are widely applied in a today's public network. Referring on this infrastructure, provide simple means for all providers to increase a capability of their infrastructure of the data. Today, the technology Cisco's POS was spread by providers worldwide, with speed down to OC-48c (2.5 Gbps).
Phase II - the superoptical data

The phase II roadmap enters ability to integrate the equipment of interworking immediately on dense WDMs, optical adding / dragging of multiplexers, and other optical network components included in a network. This method considerably reduces costs of the equipment shunting SONET/SDH the equipment TDM, which provides reduction size as increase of speeds of the data. A key of realisation of this phase are interfaces OC-48/STM-16 and OC-192/STM-64.
Phase III-TDM Integration

The phase III roadmap consists of the solutions raising ability of the existing networks TDM to support large volumes of motion of the data. It concerns needs many providers, which should maximise the return to the existing investments TDM and circuit-based to services, in that time the optical methods of interworking for delivery of the data still develop. As the Phase 1 allows motion of the data above an existing infrastructure TDM through SONET/SDH circuits, Phase III introduces two types, integrating interworking and capability TDM on platforms, which can be organised to support a circuit and motion of the data.
It actuates a new hybrid product of access, which introduces interworking and SONET/SDH adding/pulling a functionality of multiplexing and, extension of interfaces between TDM-networks and optical integrated networks.
Phase IV-optical Integration

The phase IV roadmap represents in the radical new methods of main organisation of a network, in which made to possible implementation of direct tie of interworking and optical technologies.
Cisco DPT and rings of the data, are those things, which are examples of these solutions of optical integration.
The phase IV also assumes a reliable innovation, which will happen in optical engineering of transfer and optical component manufacturing. By firm Cisco the obligation about introduction of optics of the following generation is accepted, switching on WDM, on optical platforms of interworking.
Phase V-optical Interworking

The phase V roadmap completely will realise vision of optical interworking with delivery of new products and technologies, which provide terabit of a capability by means of optical switching and growing optical integration.
Cooperation with Cisco

Cisco - world leader in organisation of a network for Internet. Today, actually each message sent on Internet, passes through the equipment Cisco.
The stunning takeoff Cisco is obliged to two things: to technical understanding of the company to problems of data transfer, and also progressive ability fast to react to changes in the market. The amazing innovations happen in the field of optics and set of the companies work with the latest technologies. While it is difficult to celebrate a victory of any technology, Cisco has demonstrated ability and readiness to develop or to acquire technologies necessary for a management and mutually advantageous partnership, that provides it of the customers with the most advanced solutions.
Besides while the optical interworking is foundation of the future, it is simple one element of the full network solution of granting, requiring for full realisation, of qualitative services. Any other company be not capable better to facilitate success in fast changed the market of the data, than Cisco. You can be sure, that Cisco the optical solutions of interworkings based on the software Cisco IOS as well as all products Cisco, actuate the required advanced program characteristics to support the future services. Calculate on Cisco for the solution of problems of optical interworking.
The opened Standards, Industrial Forums

The opened standards have resulted the IP-minutes on the following stage and Cisco trusts, that the opened standards will become a key element of a new public network. On arena of gateway optical interaction, Cisco has incorporated with other industrial leaders in 1998, by basing an Optical Forum of Interworking (OIF), and the opened forum has focused the efforts on acceleration of deployment of optical integrated networks. The companies - founder - AT and T, Bellcore, CIENA, Cisco, Hewlett-Packard, Qwest, Sprint, and WorldCom. OIF will supply venue for the manufacturers of the equipment and providers with the purpose of joint activity to identify and to decide problems and to develop the key specification to guaranteeing interoperability of optical integrated networks.
To 2000, projects IDC, that the market Internet will generate $ 92 billions of the income and will replace PC as the engine of growth in an information industry of technology. To 2002, the use Internet is planned. 316 millions users
Providers should already now develop the network infrastructures hereafter to operate with growth of motion of the data. Cisco already today helps providers to form optical integrated networks, and it can help you to be off-the shelf to arrival " of new light ", Internet of based economy and profitable infrastructures.
References:

  1. http: // www.cisco.com/index.html
  2. Richard S. Notebaert CEO, Ameritech the New York Times, May 17, 1998
  3. http: // www.adm.com