Источник: http://painting.suite101.com/article.cfm/pigments_the_warm_colors
The most obvious quality of a pigment color is hue, and this article looks at warm colored pigments, showing their place on the color spectrum with notes on their use.
Of the three basic qualities of pigments, hue, value (lightness or darkness) and chroma (brilliance or grayness), hue gives us the greatest variety of emotional expression in our paintings. The two simplest caegories of hue are warm and cool. This article deals with warm-colored pigments, listing them in the order their colors fall on a color wheel.
The basic color hues are the six clear "colors" we learned in kindergarten or grade school: red, yellow, blue, orange, green and violet (purple). Of these six, the three warm hues are red, orange and yellow.
Generally, we think of "warm" or "hot" in terms of hues such as flame red and hot orange. We also link the colors of warm-weather products such as squash yellow and olive green with warm hues.
The warmest hue is orange. The coolest of the warm hues are medium yellows and red violets.
Within each hue group below, the colors are listed in the order you would find them on a color wheel. For example, in the "Yellow Orange" group, raw umber is closer to "Medium Yellow," while burnt umber is closer to "Orange."
Believe it or not, the lemon yellows are actually very light, yellowish greens and so would be listed with cool colors.
Also note that the contents of parentheses such as "(PR83)" is the color index name used to identify the chemical class of a pigment or pigment group.
The surprising hue positions of some of the pigments above come from the fact that the list deals only with the hue of a pigment, not its value or chroma. When we think of a hue, we tend to think of the color at its brightest. However, the darkness or grayness of a pigment can easily disguise its hue.
For example, raw umber or burnt umber are actually warm yellows. Knowing this, it is easy to use these earth colors to modify very cool greens such as Phthalo Green Blue Shade or Viridan to match the muted, warm-yellow greens of landscape foliage.
Understanding hue positions helps you select the correct pigments for complementary colors -- colors directly across the color wheel -- that are used to mix shadow colors on objects. Also note that warm colors tend to stand out or advance in a painting while cool colors tend to recede.