Picture 1. — The plate feeder with subpressing of material:
1 - a bunker; 2 - the unloading opening; 3 - a drive; 4 - plate; 5 - a pressing roller.
Source: «Guard of environment and rational use of natural resources» " — 2010 / XX Allukrainian scientific conference of graduate students and students. Donetsk, DonNTU — 2010. — 114-115 pp.
Article (rus.)
The modern state of industry is characterized the contradictory processes of growth of requirements to quality of products at the substantial worsening of source of raw materials. Such matter-position requires perfection of management processes at all stages of production.
A load of coke stoves just and is a that key operation from which in a great deal and further work depends. Usually stoves loaded by free expiration of charge from bunkers. As addition the methods of successive load were used, steamingection in gascollector, different stimulators of tails( vibrators) and other. These measures partly helped to optimize a process, but did not contain the effective methods of management.
The new stage came lately, when, besides other, began to come forward requirement to ecological safety of production. Became clearly, that cleanness of surrounding space that economic category, if not to expend a mean on prevention of extras, it will be necessary far anymore to pay for harm, inflicted an environment.
Therefore the search of effective methods of management technological processes activated again, many of which were developed before, but so remained not claimed.
Developments and researches were conducted in two directions. The first is related to the attempt of improvements of existent technologies, other required creation of on principle new.
On modern coal charger machines as a matter of fact and there are no facilities for process of load of stoves control, as the unique mechanisms are a shiber breech-block, telescope and there can be a vibrator, at the use of which hardness to control terms, cooperant the decision of the put task. Thus the loaded coal charge is chaotically disposed in the volume of stove, creating areas with a strongly different closeness. It results in the losses of quality of product and difficulties in the selection of the technological mode.
The most logical and simple decision is application of devices, actively propulsive motion of material directly on leaving from bunkers and into them. A basic developer and explorer in the action of such constructions was a head institute of industry – VNIIMETMASH, which developed and inculcated plate feeder for unloading of bunkers of coal charger machines. Further researches were conducted in the Donetsk national technical university (then DPI). The construction of axial feeder breech-block was here offered.
Essence of developments is in principle taken to that at the organized and guided motion of coal charge terms are created for providing of even furnace-charge, thus energy is expended not to no purpose, but indirectly goes to the increase of closeness.
Other perspective method of increase of closeness and providing of evenness of closeness on the chamber of coking is application of technology of beating down of coal charge directly in stoves. This technology is widely used abroad, and on Ukraine first realized on OAO of "ALCHEVSKKOKS". Coking is produced in the special stove, that in an aggregate with the complex of the dry extinguishing gives an economic effect. This technology allows in addition to get the coke of extra-strong. Such decision is actual effectively, but the modern economic state of enterprises of industry does not allow to produce the substantial reconstruction of batteries or erection new, that restrains introduction.
Thus on this stage it is most expedient to be engaged in development of construction of the feeder on the base of existent coal charger machines. The conducted researches rotined that the optimum expense of energy turned out at the combined load of charge, when feeder not only gives a charge in a chamber from sloping plate but also preliminary makes more compact it, having here comparatively small power (4-7 kW). The chart of offered feeder with subpressing is rotined on a picture.
Picture 1. — The plate feeder with subpressing of material:
1 - a bunker; 2 - the unloading opening; 3 - a drive; 4 - plate; 5 - a pressing roller.
The offered technical solution allows to promote quality of coke and ecological safety of production without substantial capital costs on the reconstruction of coke stoves and equipment, attendant a battery.