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Abstract

Ñîäåðæàíèå

Introduction

CHP - combined heat and power - is the most attractive technology for the production of energy from an environmental and economic point of view. The main element of the combined supply of electricity and heat in the future co-generator (kongeneratsionnoy installation, CHP) is the primary gas internal combustion engine with an electric generator shaft. When the engine - generator utilizes heat gas exhaust, oil cooler and the engine coolant. In this case, average electric power of 100kW consumer receives 150-160 kW thermal power in the form of hot water. Thus, the object satisfies the need for cogeneration of electricity and low-grade heat, and because cogeneration units installed in the boiler room, it reaches a minimum of heat loss during transport for own needs boiler

1. Theme urgency

Status of fixed assets utilities in Donetsk region is characterized by a high level of wear and low energy efficiency and the level of public services, due to lack of funds for their development and ongoing maintenance. Significant transformation and modernization of this sector due to the current situation - is limited to 80 % of the cost of housing and communal services - is the supply of electricity, heat, gas, hot and cold water. The problem lies in the fact that more than 70 % of the total energy saving potential DNI is consumed in the housing sector.

2. Goal and tasks of the research

The aim is analysis of hot water boiler installed therein a gas piston system installation telpla disposal, in order to improve the boiler zhffektivnosti work on the production of heat and electricity

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3. Overview of national sources

On one of the boilers in the region the establishment of gas-piston units with heat recovery system. With electrical power: nominal – 1.14 mW, established – 1.46 MW and hotenergy – 1.7 MW, which produces 42.7 % of electricity and 57.3 % of thermal energy. CHP technology is indeed one of the leading in the world. Interestingly, it perfectly combines those positive characteristics that recently were virtually incompatible. The most important features should be recognized as the highest fuel efficiency more than satisfactory environmental performance, as well as the autonomy of co-generation systems.

It should be noted that high-quality implementation of the project requires specific knowledge and experience, or a significant part of the benefits will certainly be lost. Unfortunately, in Russia very few companies that really have the necessary information and can competently implement such projects. Benefits of low energy in cogeneration mode can be divided into three groups that are closely related to each other: On average, wear large power stations, transformer stations and transmission lines is approximately 70%.

For example, in 2004:

The construction of one kilometer of the main transmission lines costing 1 million. Dollars. American expert on distributed energy Kasten Tom (Tom Casten) predicts that the US will need to 2010, about 137,000 MW of new capacity. According to Kasten, these requirements will require 84 billion. USD. For the construction of new power plants and 220 bln. Dollars. For new transmission and distribution of electricity, that is a total need of $ 304 billion.. Perform the same requirements with the use of distributed energy will require 168 billion . USD. for new power plants, but $ 0. for power lines.

 

Conclusion: in the tariff and the investment costs are taken into account in the renewal of fixed assets "big" energy (and, as the generation and distribution networks)

Conclusion

Installing a gas piston power plant with heat recovery system in the boiler room will satisfy the need of the object in the electricity and low potential heat, and reached the minimum heat losses during transportation for its own needs the boiler. Reliable electricity for their own needs when installing the boiler GASES cogenerator justified by the fact that it is nadzhenym independent source of electricity, which is the surplus will be sold to neighboring businesses. return on investment will be fast and the justification. Despite the difficulties arising from the construction and operation of the GPU, the installation of this type can solve problematic tasks in a reliable heat and power supply of industrial consumers or residential areas.

References

  1. V.G.Semenov Energy saving at collaboration CHP and boiler. Heating News. – ¹1. – 2010.            
  2.   Butuzov VA Tomarov GV Modernization of municipal boilers by installation of the equipment for the combined production of heat and electricity. // Heat. – ¹12. – 2008.             
  3. Andryushchenko AI Combined power supply system // Thermal Engineering. – ¹5. – 1997.             
  4. S.V.Kuznetsov Superstructure boiler gas turbine.// Heat News. – ¹10. – 2001.             
  5. Yuri Nikolaev Dubinin AB Vdovenko IA Improving the efficiency of municipal heat supply systems Russia small towns by constructing CHP turbine and gas-piston superstructures.// Herald SGTU. – 2004.