Faculty: Geotechnology and production management
Speciality: Safety of labour activity
Theme of my master's work: «Improving the safety of work during the application of heading-and-stall method of mining at mine ¹3 SIA "Artyomsalt"
The head: professor, c.t.s. Nikolin V.I.
At the state enterprise «Artyomsalt» the work on labour and prevention of occupational traumatism is on quite a high level.
Thus, traumatism at 5 mines of SIA «Artyomsalt» is not very high, and in average in 2002-2007 it made 7-8 cases a year.
The analysis of traumatism shows that almost all accidents happen due to organization reasons.
But despite such low level of traumatism it is necessary to improve the labour protection thus decreasing the number of accidents at production.
The aim of the research is to increase of labour safety during implementation of heading-and-stall method of mining of thick salt layers providing rise of efficiency of combine complexes work and national extraction of balance reserves.
The object of the research is salt mine ¹3 SIA «Artyomsalt».
1. There have been developed theoretical grounds and technological schemes of the line technology of combine extraction providing continuous delivery of extracted salt from the chamber to the skip shaft, evenness of load traffic of all the transport system of the salt mine.
2. For the first time there has been grounded the possibility to change the parameters of heading-and-stall method of mining of thick salt layers, allowing to increase the labour safety and the coefficient of the stock extraction in the underground conditions and on the surface at the expense of decrease of a chamber cross - section.
In the world practice heading-and-stall method with leaving the system of non-removable pillars is mainly used.
SIA “Artyomsalt” jointly with Ukrainian SRIsalt defined the main direction in development of progressive operation at the use of self-propelled machine complexes with machine extraction, that are widely used at all mines of “Artyomsalt” and allow to give up drilling and blasting operations.
The first suggestion was the technological scheme “with transport chap”. The technology presupposes that on the transport level along the central axis of a board the delivery drift is driven. In it the scraper conveyor is laid, and on the top level under the board ceiling also along the central axis the opening is driven. Between them the longitudinal transport slot is worked to deliver salt by gravity during the layer slot extraction.
In order to decrease labour-intensiveness of first workings and increase labour safety there was considered progressive operational scheme “with approaching boreholes”.
Its idea is based on the fact that during this technology application to deliver salt from the working production level to the transport horizon special drifts are used. They are driven by machines with high efficiency (ÁÃÀ – 4Ì). If to develop adjacent drifts at the distance equal to the length of reloaded with particular capacity to collect salt it is possible to exclude the combine idle time.
This work reviews two technological schemes of line extraction of salt seams. Both schemes are efficient, their working capacities are equal and they both can be used in the conditions of thick salt layers development.
Technological scheme “with adjacent boreholes” is more efficient and safer as covering of small boreholes is not labour – intensive.