Our present view of terrestrial cortex lies in the fact that it is broken down into blocks of different sizes.Tectonic motions of the blocks have a cyclical nature defined by endogen rhythm system of the Earth’s processes and by the influence of space. The borders between the block of the terrestrial cortex present are geodynamic zones (GDZ). They have certain size and position in space, can have an anomalous tense condition, further development of which can occur the breakup and displacement of blocks.
The Geodynamic zones presented by multiple subparalled cracks, are a system of regulated orientation and cross the natural habitats of different categories of relief , landscape, lithofacial and stratiographical associations of rocks without change of the orientation. Natural change of physical characteristics of rocks show evidence in these zone: increase of porosity and reduction of bound, mechanical stability, molecular dampness, conduction, magnetic receptivity etc. As a whole such zones are presenting the areas of instability and material’s migration. The cracks within GDZ provide higher filtration of clean natural and polluted water.
At the same time geodynamic zones are the best ways of the energy transportation. By this zones (particularly deep breaks) different types to energy, as well as water and gas flows of different chemical elements and junctions get to surfaces from bowels of the earth. Some of them can be aggressive to the engineering constructions. The Geodynamic zones concern to the seismic activity areas because the waves from the centre of the earthquake spread with minimum fading by these zones. So in these zone the seismic stability is minimum. Different damages on the linear-extended objects (like the oil- and gasmains), the deformations and destructions of the industrial conductions and buildings often take places at such geodynamic zones.
There are a lot of examples of the dangerous phenomenas in geodynamic zone on territory of the Ukraine . This is the deformations of the new administrative bilding of the petroleum company in Nikolaev region. and deformation anchor full tilts bridge transition ïðîäóêòîïðîâîäà through river Dnepr in region Devladovskogo break. In 1981 the house number 9 on Rose Luxembourg Street fell down because of the geodynamically active area of French breake in Donetsk.
The breaks that are active in nowadays are the most dangerous ones. And the secondary breaks sometimes are the most active. It is very difficult to give the estimation of the geodynamic activity structures by using traditional geological or geophisical methods. It’s precisely for revelation such zones in the seventies of the XX century Donetsk scientists Ryaboshtan Y.S., Tachtomirov E.P., Panov B.S. worked out the whole complex of methods of structural geodynamical mapping (SGDM). The important particularity of these methods is consists in using the surface soils as a source of information about tectonic construction and geodynamic activity of the structure of the mountain rocks. In surface layer of soils the microdeformation structures are formed. This microdeformation structures show the modern geodynamic processes in the scolded sorts. Also these microdeformations change the concentration of the gas (the radon) in the ground and influence on the conduction of the soils.