Theme "System engineering of the prevention of inadmissible technogenic situations at job of the chemical equipment"

The purpose: System engineering of zoning of territory of the enterprise taking into account technogenic safety

Object: object of research are technogenic zones at the enterprise, interaction and interference of technical objects.

The characteristic: the technogenic zone is understood as the territory of the enterprise having certain characteristic properties (for example, danger degree).

Technical objects co-operate among themselves, both in a normal operating mode, and in the emergency. At failure of one object others get to a zone of emission of a considerable quantity of energy. It is thus put not only harm to the next equipment, but also can lead to that the object becomes a new source of occurrence of failure.

Urgency: Therefore it is necessary to establish equipment interference, to reveal the most dangerous objects and variants of development of emergencies and to take measures on decrease in their danger.

In technological objects, as a rule, create conditions which considerably differ from environment conditions (pressure, temperatures, concentration of the substances, operating loadings, pressure, etc.). The nonequilibrium condition or presence of a difference of potential sizes inside and outside of object, does technological object to some extent potentially dangerous.

At occurrence of a chain of adverse events the probability of uncontrollable liberation of the saved up potential that can lead to occurrence technogenic dangerous situations and failures grows.

The review and the analysis of existing techniques of the decision of a problem

It is defined, that the most suitable is the system approach to the problem decision that means consideration of technological object (an enterprise site) as set of elements interconnected among themselves, with internal and external relations.

Research problem statement:

For the object in view decision it is necessary to solve a number of problems:

Research of interference of the process equipment.

Research of influence of the equipment on the person.

Working out of actions for reduction of dangerous technogenic influences by the person, the equipment, environment.

The problem decision:

For the decision of tasks in view it is necessary:

to Develop qualifiers of the equipment, kinds of refusals.

to develop criteria of technogenic dangers.

Creation of a database for information storage.

System engineering of dynamic display of maps of the equipment and danger zones by various criteria.

The complex criterion should include some criteria:

1. Criterion depending on object potential (for example, the saved up energy).
2. The criterion of a condition considering degree of degradation of object
3. Criterion of resistance of the danger, considering degree of equipment of object protection frames
4. The criterion considering weight of consequences at occurrence of failure (considers quantity of people being in potentially dangerous zone, an ecological and economic damage).

For the account of interference of technical objects it is necessary to find out their behaviour in emergencies, such as a fire, explosion, to find out the most dangerous object, to take measures on decrease in its danger.

For this purpose potential energy of object, superfluous pressure, intensity of thermal radiation pays off at fires, the size of the demanded safe area.

Model realisation

The effective decision of tasks in view can be received only with use of modern computer systems.

Realisation of a task in view of system engineering of zoning of territory of the enterprise for danger degree it is executed in system "client-server" with module PHP use, for data processing, My SQL - for storage of the saved up information on object and a browser for display of the received results to the screen at the user.

Feature of developed system:

1. Presentation
2. Dynamic display of maps of zoning in time.
3. The account of a technical condition of object, i.e.degradation degree.
4. Scalability

Conclusions

Zoning of technological complexes will allow to define danger of operation of technological objects, to prove decision-making on building new, reconstruction of operating manufactures, to placing of dangerous objects concerning settlements.