theme of master's work:
«Research of influence of various additives
on firmness against burning out of industrial safety explosives»
Author: Morozov Maxim Victorovich
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on firmness against burning out of industrial safety explosives»
Uglenite E-6
General characteristics
Commercial mixture explosive of the 5th Grade extremely high permitted on the base of nitric ester, salts and a little amount of chlorous ammonium as additional flash suppressor. It is water proof due to gelatinization with colloid cotton.
Uglenite E-6 is less hygroscope and less susceptible to caking than other permitted explosives including ammonium nitrate. Sawdust is part of its compound and as absorber prevents exudation of nitric ester when storing the explosive in serviceable package and in good warehouse conditions.
High sensitive sensitizer as compound part provides detonation and transfers it from cartridge to cartridge in moistened state. Cases of detonation failure of its charges under inundated conditions are seldom.
Application
Recommended for bastings of: coal of any strength; rocks of light and medium strength only with two open surfaces in the face; coal of mellow and medium strength with one open surface. It can be used for water pulverization in charges of limited weight. In coal gas and dust dangerous mines, and in formations, that are sudden coal and gas ejection dangerous except for boastings when stripping formations that are sudden coal and gas ejection dangerous.
Transformation, storage and packing
In transit and storing uglenite E-6 requires more careful handling than ammonal. It is suitable for usage in any climatic conditions. When using in conditions of temperatures below 0°C it requires extremely careful handling as any nitroglycerin explosives. The cartridges that have been stored at temperatures below 0°C must be warmed before application.
| 1. Density of the explosive in cartridge, g/cm3 | |
| 2. Cartridge diameter, mm | |
| 3. Weight of the explosive in cartridge, g | |
| 4. Detonation transfer between two cartridges, cm, no less than:
|
5 3 |
| 5. Brisancy, mm, no less than | |
| 6. Fugacity, cm3 | |
| 7.Permitted properties | It must pass ignition safety test in methane - air and dust - air mixtures |
| 8. Flash point, oC | |
| 9. Detonation velocity, km/s | |
| 10. Shock sensitivity, % not over | |
| 11. Trotyl equivalent | |
| 12. Electric spark sensitivity, j | |
Detonite M
General characteristics
Detonite M is a low-dusty, fat by touch and powder-like explosive made of a difficult-to-freeze mixture of nitrate esters. Detonite M is high sensitive to mechanical and thermal effects and requires more careful handling than ammonites. It is manufactured as 31-32 mm, 36-37mm cartridges, does not cake.
Application
It shows high water-stability and detonation ability, stable detonation in small diameter charges and is intended for difficult-to-explode solid rocks in flooded tunnel pit-faces and mining faces, when blasting hole charges and small diameter cartridges (28mm). Can be stored and applied in all climatic conditions.
Transformation, storage and packing
Detonite M is produced as cartridges coated with a solid layer of the waterproof mixture from paraffin and petrolatum. Cartridges are packed in polyethylene bags, 10 items each. Bags are packed into boxes from corrugated cardboard.
It is stored in closed warehouses. The package should be protected from rainfalls and direct sunlight at transfer/transshipment points and on the way to a destination point. When stored and transported at a temperature below 0 °C, Detonite M can be used after defrosting only, and for this purpose it is necessary to keep it in storage at positive temperatures for 2 days at least with an open box cover.
It is transported with all kinds of transport.
| Mass fraction of water and volatiles, %, not more than | |
| Explosive density in cartridges, g/cm3 , within the limits | |
| Brisance, mm, not less than | |
| Fugacity, cm3 , not less than | |
| Cartridge diameter, mm | 36-37 |
| Detonation transfer at the distance between 2 cartridges, cm, not less than dry, mm: 31-32 36-37 after standing in water, mm: 31-32 36-37 |
8 10 5 6 |
| Oxygen balance, % | |
| Heat of explosion, kJ/kg | |
| Gas volume, lit/kg | |
| Trotyl equivalent (based on heat of explosion) | |
| Detonation velocity, km/s | |
| Critical diameter of detonation, mm - open charge - in strong shell | 8-10 5 |
| Impact sensitivity, GOST 4545 - lower limit, mm - frequency of explosions, % - device 1 - device 2 |
60 40-60 10-20 |
| Friction sensitivity, kgf/cm2 |
© DonNTU, Morozov.M.V., 2008