Makarishina Yuliya Faculty: Ecology and chemical technologies Speciality: Ecology of chemical technologies Theme of master's work: Water quality estimation in recreation and house-hold water reservoirs of Donbass industrial cities. Scientific adviser: Troshina Olena

Summary of research and developments

Introduction (Motivation)

The purpose of the work is to study the existing sets of criteria, which are used to estimate the water quality of superficial water reservoirs, and also to research the water objects of Donbass industrial cities for the purpose of estimation their quality as reservoirs of cultural and community usage.

The quantitative and qualitative changes of hydrosphere are taking place now as a result of the intensive usage of water resources by the mankind. The water balance, a mode of rivers, water structure change, which is connected with the pollution of natural water reservoirs by sewage and also with the addition of contaminants from the surface-water flow and interflow, and directly from the air. Nowadays the whole territory of Ukraine does not have any clean water reservoir, all of them are characterized by a high level of pollution, only the rivers of Carpathians and mountain Crimea are in a rather satisfactory condition.

Large industrial enterprises of mineral resource industry, metal manufacture, coking-product industry, thermal industry and other industries are situated on the territory of big cities of Donbass. These enterprises are the largest pollutants of the region environment. Thus, the superficial reservoirs which are situated in a zone of their influence suffer from the considerable anthropogenic effect.

As a result of pollution there is a sharp deterioration of water quality in reservoirs, natural water reservoirs have lost their ability to self-cleaning. Pollution of natural water creates threat for the life and health of people, and for biosphere existence wholly. Numerous displays of the negative influence of the human economic activities on water objects have caused the necessity to observe the ecological priorities in order to balance the requirements to the water ecosystems protection – on the one hand, and problems solving of the rational economic usage of their water and biological resources – on the other hand. Therefore the estimation of water ecosystems conditions under the influence of anthropogenic factors is one of the most actual questions for the protection of superficial water resources.

The scientific novelty of the given work consists in an estimation and classification of water quality in water reservoirs of the cultural and community purpose, which are situated in the Donbass industrial cities, from the ecological items. Also the work researches the tendencies of change the water quality concerned reservoirs during the long period of time.

Main planned results

The analytical review of the techniques for the water quality estimation and classification, which are used both in Ukraine and abroad, has been carried out at the beginning of work, for the purpose of choosing the techniques for the estimation of the investigated reservoirs on the  basis of hydrochemical indicators. In the course of the given work the estimation of 9 reservoirs water quality situated in Alchevsk and Donetsk cities was done. The classification of reservoirs by degree of water pollution was made on the basis of the value of the received estimated indexes. The study of tendencies of the water quality change of 5 reservoirs in Alchevsk has been carried out in the period from 1977 to 2007.

Conclusions and future research

As a result of this work it is possible to make the following conclusions:

1. The  water quality of superficial reservoirs of the region is unsatisfactory, the pollution on separate indicators has stable and even dominating character.

2. During the study of water quality change dynamics it was developed that the tendency to the water quality improvement of superficial water reservoirs in Alchevsk city is occurred in the last years which is connected with Alchevsk Iron and Steel Works activities on the increasing efficiency of the nature protection actions; however, nowadays the water quality remains unsatisfactory.

In prospect it is planned to carry out the similar researches for the reservoirs of other cities and to perform an estimation and classification of water quality of natural reservoirs with the usage of other techniques, special attention is planned to pay to a quality estimation by the techniques used by western countries. Research of the change tendency of water quality for reservoirs of Donetsk city will be conducted carried out at the same time.