It’s very important to realize the decisive part of human resources in the economical development in Ukraine on the stage of market economics establishment, as well as the final purpose of any production is a man.
Scientific and technical progress is one of the foundational factors of the contemporary economical development which foresees it as the most important condition of cardinal the man power, characteristics improvement at the labour market. The feature of the contemporary conditions of Ukrainian economics consists in market processes transforming which have been earrings out in conditions of the deep prolonged crisis which demands overcoming of dropping behind in the scientific and technical sphere.
The actuality of professional education research and personnel training in our society is stipulated with negative trends that is the lack of purposeful state strategy and policy in the sphere of personnel professional training especially considering both branch specific features and particularities of big average and small enterprises economical activity to provide the high competitive abilities of national man power; methodical materials nonprovision as for the process personnel training at the enterprises; noninterest and financial inability of employers to supply professional training, teaching all over again and improving qualification; the low level of workers’ professional development; the absence of single professional skill system and standards of professional training; the absence of the infrastructure concerning professional training at the enterprises on the basis of which it is possible scientific stimulating policy working out to control professional training system in Ukraine.
The considerable vital cycle reducing of professional knowledge stipulates the necessity to form continuous professional education and personnel training in the countries wishing to compete at the work markets and to protect their interests of the own ones in the conditions of the whole expansion globalization.
The integral condition of such systems forming and development is taking an active part not only the state but also employers who having economic knowledge to be types of professional training process and enhancing own personnel skill. The necessity to take an active enterprises part or their employers in the process of model elaborating of continuous education in Ukraine is stipulated with: first, the most part of their life people spend at the enterprises, where they realize their physical and mental abilities; second, only enterprises become the source of considerable information area, needed for their carrying out duties; third, besides educational institutions the state must stimulate professional development of their man power in order to maintain the high level of its competitive abilities both in the internal labour enterprises market and in external ones.
A lot of abroad and home scientist paid a great attention to different problems of professional personnel development of professional education. Among them are: V. Brokbenk, D. Parson, J. Greham, P. Drucker, S. Ardjiris, V. Savchenco, D. Boginya, I. Bondar, M. Semicina, O. Levchenco, L. Snerbac, M. Drozach and other.
The purpose of this scientific research work is definition of main disadvantages and principles of native continuous professional educational system and personnel training considering advanced word experience.
To achieve the purpose there are the following tasks:
1) the definition of the essence the “man power quality” concept;
2) characteristic of continuous education concept;
3) conception professional training clearing out, its forms and methods;
4) continuous enterprise personnel training consideration;
5) professional training organization analysis abroad;
6) the main problems and contemporary trends research as for the native professional education system and personnel training;
7) with the help of given data elaboration and systematizing of professional education and its development.
НScientific novelty is consists in deepening of the conception principles and in ground of influence of the professional personnel training on the development of the enterprises and economics in general.
Professional training is the process of the purposeful formation the special knowledge, the necessary experience and abilities development, which enable to improve the labour productivity, to fulfil functional duties properly, to master new types of activity. The nowadays conditions demand the systematic development of employees, connected with strategic aim of development and firm demands [1].
There are a range of factors which are handicaps in the personnel training. First, the mangers reluctantly invest the given sphere. It is connected with investing results which is difficult to estimate from the quality and quantity point of view while expenditure arrangement is very easy. Second, it is very necessary to organize personnel process training in such a way in order to get real results, that is to improve company activity indexes as a whole [2]. Educational curriculum must be connected with demands arising in special eases. And this case the actual problem is choosing forms and educational methods [3].
Nowadays module, distanced and multimedium training forms have been extended. There are different varieties of their general application.
Among all the methods of personnel training two large groups are distinguished:
1) training at the working place: productive instruction, rotation for experience acquiring, tutorage, tutorage revision, situation tutorage, formal tutorage, informal tutorage, couching, qualified practice, employees using as assistants, training in designing groups;
2) training out of the working place: lectures, business games, dramatization, trainings, solving methods of productive economic problems with the help of models, the working group, the conferences, seminars, round tables discussion, meeting with administration, excursion, self education [5,16].
There are also training methods connecting aspects of internal productive and outside ones. Among them there are: empiric training, displaying and practice under the guide, program courses, active training and by means of computer [13].
The transfer from single ways to the system training creation and personnel development is the trend in the management sphere.
The system of continuous personnel training can be represented in such a way [4] (figure 1).
Figure 1 – The main blocks of personnel continuous training system
– knowledge, abilities and experience, possessed by the personnel;
– knowledge, abilities and experience, which are necessary for purpose organization realization.
2. Elaboration of syllabus for enterprises personnel, which includes the following aspects:
1) syllabus composing. A contest of program reflects personnel’s demands of some organization and characters of potential pupils;
2) teachers choosing – own ones or ask them outside. It should be done according to 3 factors: the reason for training, which of teachers is more competent in given branch and enterprises financial possibilities;
3) methods and training forms provided with the decisive factor in the analysis of advantages and expenditure;
4) definition of training terms. This factor is important because the worker interrupts his duties;
5) criterion of estimation must be established before training and declaring to everybody;
6) expenditure distribution for training. The professional training is connected with significant costs, so the responsibility for budget fulfilling is the most important element of the professional training management [7].
The work summary of given block is ready, confirmed by company administration the personnel training plan.
Block II – realization of personnel training – foresees the direct realization of composed plans for personnel training. The feature of the block is the definition of disadvantages in plans, which allovers to avoid them in future [7].
Block III is represented the continuous training as for the estimation of the training efficiency [7].
The system approach to education considers both strategic and current plans of company business development, forecasts the future personnel development and forms personnel reserve. The training scheme should be considered as the system when company follows the clear action subsequence.
The model of continuous personnel training consist mainly of 3 stages.
Stage I – planning – includes analysis definition of training demands and purposes, detail elaboration of training estimation criterion;
Stage II – realization – takes into account the immediate training, organization and training carrying out;
Stage III – estimation – it is monitoring, efficiency of training. The main task to realize the stage of knowledge using and experience gained while training.
Continuous training system is realized with opposite connection in given process. The results of the last stage is analyzed and considered on the first stage.
As a result of research it can be concluded that companies’ interests are only gaining maximal economic effect from the investments into the “firm education” sphere.
Using continuous personnel training the economic effect is reached:
- at the account of brief time of personnel training by minimal missing of main activity because it isn’t necessary to the time for “habits” as for the new kind of activity;
- by means of practice increasing it is important if this is continuous system of methods of personnel training because training at the enterprises is closer to the production;
- educated personnel reacts operatively and adopts to the environment conditions, which influences on the competition abilities of enterprises as a whole.
The training role enhancing and especially lasting training system, personnel and organization is stimulated with the following factors:
1) personnel training is the most important achievement of organization strategic purpose;
2) training by means of the most important method in man resources value increasing;
3) organization changes are impossible without personnel training in good time.
Thus, in future the main resource will become intellectual potential in the postindustrial society other wise the people’s abilities as for the innovations where the main damage in society will be knowledge production and application.
Nowadays worker training for many branches of economics must be strategic task of personnel policy, because thanks to many aspects and at the account of special ability for construction more effective economic and labour relations are provided with product quality, resources saving and cost production reducing.
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