Economy of enterprise
Speciality: Enterprise economy
Theme urgency. Economic growth and economic development depend on investment activity. Their efficiency defines society progress.
Degree of working out of a problem. The question of investment decisions is a subject of researches of many science officers and scientific personnel. It is necessary to note proceedings the influences of decisions devoted to problems on investment activity: Борщука И, Bugrova О, Boiled В, Golovatjuka В, Dagaeva А, Dvoraka И, O.Zaletova, Ivanitsky О, Klapkiva М, Martinenko В, Replace А, Checheljuka О, Hobta V. M and others.
The purpose and research problems. Attraction and rational use of investments. It is necessary to solve problems:
Object of research – investment processes in Ukraine.
Object of research – development of theoretical positions of a substantiation of investment decisions.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research consists that directions of effectivization of process of working out of capital investment projects with allowance for features of transitive economy of Ukraine for the first time are offered and reasonable.
Theoretical and practical value of dissertational research. Practical value dissertational research consists in possibility of improvement of quality of investment decisions and researches. Reductions of expenses of means and time, at a preinvestment stage, minimisation of risk of investments into working out of unpromising projects.
In introduction обоснованно the theme urgency, is formulated the purpose, the task, a subject, object of dissertational research.
In the first section sights of leading economists of the world in formation of the investment market, a globalisation problem, регионализации, investment policy are considered.
The basic direction is economic globalisation. It is concretised in formation of three main economic centres: North American, European commonwealth and East Asian.
Formation of an infrastructure of the investment markets is the difficult state task. It requires the account of specificity of entry conditions of formation and development of market processes in the conditions of a transition period.
Fig. 1. The capital in investment process.
Researches of theoretical and methodical models of functioning of investment processes have created possibility to find out existing defects of formation of investment resources. And to advance mandatory reserves and conditions of activization of sources of finance of a national economy.
Own model is necessary for transitive economy of Ukraine. It should considers as the general, and specific, market economy requests.
The correct choice of an arsenal of economic methods is necessary. They ensure protection of national interests. And strategic priorities.
At a transition to market economy stage the new approach to modelling is formed.
In the second section there was a made analysis of suitability of techniques of working out of capital investment projects. They will be applied in the conditions of transitive economy of Ukraine.
The carried out analysis has allowed to draw following conclusions:
By working out of any project for internal funds of its initiator there is a risk of irreversible expenses in case the project will appear unpromising. In this connection minimisation of risk of investments into working out of unpromising projects appears a well-founded method of optimisation of process of working out of projects.
In the third section minimisation of risk of investments, into working out of unpromising projects, improvement of quality of projects are offered expenditure cut toolkit on working out of projects.
To cut down expenses for a substantiation of the project and to minimise risk of irrevocable investments by more effective supply with information of process of working out of a capital investment project.
To cut down expenses for working out of capital investment projects probably effective software. Considering advantages and defects of the present software for working out of capital investment projects. The commercial effectiveness estimation occurs on the basis of imitation of a stream of real money. The tax block answers terms of taxation in Ukraine. The program allows to calculate precisely amortisation of the equipment which belongs to different groups.
The analysis of the generalised theoretical positions and hands-on experience of the design analysis in the conditions of planned and market economic systems. Experience of working out of projects in the conditions of transitive economy allows to draw conclusions:
The decision of a problem of increase of efficiency of process of working out of capital investment projects will promote maintenance of competitiveness of capital investment projects of the Ukrainian enterprises and activization of investment activity in Ukraine.