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Biography
Early about 49 million m3 of rock appear the surfase while underground mining, as well as it is detached while coal dressing, that is stored in the dumps of a different form and sizes. Their total quantity in Ukraine exceeds 1100 units, and a territory under them makes 6300 hectares of fertible, or suitable for industrial and housing building earth. The mass of dumps containes a lot of combustible materials, that frequently causes their spontaneous combustion, harmful gas isolation, as well as deformation and explosions. Nearly 15000 ton of carbon monoxide and plenty of dust are isolated from flaming dump of the middle size during a year. Industrial dust is the main kind of atmosphere pollution, that causes the worldwide harm:it transmittes ultraviolet radiation baldy, hindees self-purification of the atmosphere, litters the mucous membrane of respiratory tract of people and their eyes,irritates skin, it is alobacteria and viruses vector, it causes cancer.
132 rock dumps are burning in Donetsk region; on the territory of the region 582 rock dumps are presently located.
Enormous tehnogenic load on Donbas induce us to deal with questions of use of rock which is obtained, and with problems of already existing dumps, because the successful decision of these tasks leads to:
Burnt rocks of the mine "Ukraine" can be widely and successfully used for felling of roads, thoroughfares, swamped lands, as well as for railwasy and other purposes, that shows an experience of Murmansk region, Sverdlovsk region, Zabaikaljev zone, and other.
Khatsko Svetlana
Faculty geotehnologiy and managements of production
Department of nature protection activity
Speciality: Ekologiya on the mountain business
Theme of master's work:
The use of mine breed of the mine "Ukraine" for production of fundamental blocks and betonitov".
Scientific leader: Kostenko Victor
Summary of research and developments
The use of mine breed of the mine "Ukraine" for production of fundamental blocks and betonitov"
Introduction (Motivation)
The aim of the work - to work out and to ground the technological delisions, that is to use of rock for building material under the conditions of mine "Ukraine".
Relevanse of the theme
There are technologies that allow to convert coal industry unwasfe production. These technologies have been already used worldwide for a long time, but they are not paid appropriate attention in our country. Excavating rock, as well as existing dumps can be used effectively in many industries, agriculture They can make considerable profit. It is necessary to introduce new technologies with use of rock as soon as possible. One of reasons, which restrain the development of rational use secondary raw material, especially from the inter industrial point of view, when the wastes which appear on the enterprises of one industries can be used in other industries of national economy, is the absence of the system information base and special help literature for this subject. There the aim of the masters work is creation of complex measures to use the rock, that is excavated together with coal, as a natural resource.
Practical value
1) reduction of contamination of air toxic gases, and dust;
2) reduction of contamination with the flows of water from the waste banks of water objects in Donetsk region;
3) reduction of natural resources production and natural resources conservation for future generations (e.g, building components), due to the available resources development;
4) reduction of earth surface deformation (land gaps, houses downfall, appearance of ravines);
5) reduction of fertile land pollution out of town boundary, that could be used for the agriculture;
6) land in towns could be free of waste dumps and used for better purposes;
7) workplaces appearance in Donetsk, as well as in small towns Donetsk region, where the mines are being closed, and people fase unemployment;
8) health improvement of people, living in Donbas;
9) profitability from rock dumps development;
10) environmental condition improvement in towns (less dust, the town is getting more beautiful).
Conchesions
The effect of the following products realization of mineral development consist of two parts. The first is concurring the enterprise and it occurs due to the production conditions improvement; the second part out of the enterprise as a result of decrease of need in more expensive row material, that had been used before. The present technological layout lets to minimize the impact of mining enterprise on environment.
At present time there is not definite complex of environmental protection measures for coalmining. At some mines the measures are used, but they are enough to provide the ecological safety.