Clearly demonstrate this in Picture 1.
Picture 1 - Influence of the electric tank accumulator on the alignment charts load
Faculty: Physics and metallurgical
Speciality: The manager of energy
The aim of this work is to study the accumulation of thermal energy in the different types of heating systems and the development of combined type of heating for the quality of heating buildings.
The relevance of the topic can hardly be overestimated, because the requirements for comfort are becoming higher and this aspect is given much attention when selecting and designing equipment to ensure reliable hot and heat and water consumers. Estestvenno, choosing the most appropriate scheme of preparation of hot water to come out correctly and competently collected baseline data, the requirements of existing standards of technical and economic calculations, as well as the wishes of customers and the general trend of increasing water consumption.
For the study of baseline facts and the requirements of existing standards, above all, the question examining the thermal inertia of the building. Consider a model 5-storey 6-panel section 89 apartment residential building.
Characteristics of the thermal inertia of the building are:
To determine the necessary amount of heat going to heat the building, find the heat loss through the exterior fence of the formula (1).
Where Q - quantity of heat passing through the barrier, W, A - space frame structures, M2, tâ - the temperature inside the building, 0Ñ; tn - the temperature of the outer surface of clearing construction, 0Ñ; R0 - effective resistance to heat protecting structures, ( m2 0Ñ) / Wt.
Actual resistance to heat transfer for multi-frame structures is determined by the formula (2).
Where Lv - the inner surface of heat transfer coefficient, W / (m2 0Ñ); 1/Lv - warmmastering resistance from the inner surface (m2 0Ñ) / W; Ri - the thermal resistance of the corresponding i layer fence, (M2 0Ñ) / W; Ln - coefficient of thermal winter conditions the outer surface of frame structures, W / (m2 0Ñ); 1/Ln - resistance to heat transfer from the outer surface (m2 0Ñ) / Wt.
Approximate ratio of heat loss, as established in the course of the study are shown in Table 1.
| Name of frame structures | The percentage of heat loss,% | |
| Walls | 39.2 | |
| Infiltration (because of the loose in the walls, windows, doors) | 26.3 | |
| Windows Wooden | 15.1 | |
| Gender | 9.8 | |
| Roofing | 5.8 | |
| Doors | 3.8 |
After analyzing the data of Table 1, it can be concluded that to reduce heat loss, and hence the cost to heat their vospolenie need uteplyat walls and replace windows in the plastic glazing.
For the study of accumulation classify as follows:
Traditionally, to ensure consumers a large number of hot water use pattern " tank - accumulator + heat exchanger ".
The main load is covered with high-speed performance heat exchanger. In peak mode the additional water flow provide capacitive tank-accumulator reserve of hot water.
Really, when short-term peak loads, ie a high level of demand and mixed for an additional heating time, this unit provides a rapid preparation of hot water and completely cover the necessary water. Such a scheme used in most multi-pzhilyh houses where clearly expressed the greatest hours of demand.
Alternative scheme of preparation of large quantities of hot water is to install capacity tanks, water heaters. A distinctive feature of these plants is the location of the heat exchanger inside the tank.
Capacitive water heater can heat and maintain a large amount of hot water to the peak of demand at a relatively low-power heating. Regardless of the installed capacity in the boiler have a full supply of hot water tank without the time lag, the water can occur in large quantities.
The main advantages of the installation of capacitive-tank heaters include:
Electric tank-battery is useful at night when the night rate electricity following day and there is no peak electricity consumption.
Clearly demonstrate this in Picture 1.
Picture 1 - Influence of the electric tank accumulator on the alignment charts load
For heating buildings looking radiator and floor heating systems.
As regard the common single-radiator heating system. In these systems, radiators, both aligned connections to one post. Such systems are easier to mount and provide a more uniform core of all heating appliances. As the heating devices are the most common in residential buildings of cast iron radiators.
When choosing a heating apparatus is usually put forward a number of requirements on which to judge the degree of their perfection and to make comparisons. These requirements form the following groups:
As part of the Construction of a heating device as the "warm floor" is part of the floor construction, which is very effective in terms of saving materials, and most importantly - places in the interior. The area of the floor in a room ranges from units to tens of square meters, while the surface area teplootdayuschey other heating appliances (radiators, konvetorov, etc.) at best is a value close to the square meter. Thanks to this "warm floors" are working at very low temperature perpade range from a few degrees in the room with the established thermal regime of up to ten - fifteen degrees in a forced heating. The system is suitable for all types of structures sexes. By referring teplonagrevatelnogo elements distinguish water and electric floor heating. When using water floor heating pipe, which moves heat. To heat the water circulating through pipes using heat from the heating or other miscellaneous tistochniki energii.Pri laying electric heating cables. The temperature of the floor system of floor heating systems will prevail over other heating systems. Type of floor heating systems and ways of laying the light of the techno-economic performance.
Thus, the main objective of the study is a combination of all these systems, the accumulation of energy in order to optimize the performance of heating appliances (radiators), tanks, tank battery and the values of the temperature schedule, in which the heating system.