ENG |
UKR
|
RUS
|
Olefirenko Dmitriy
Faculty:
Electrotechnical
Chair:
Electrical Systems
Speciality:
Electrical Systems and Networks
Master thesis:
Wires serviceability adress control on the branched air-line areas
Chief:
Kobazev V. P.
Resume
Abstract
Abstract
Wires serviceability adress control on the branched air-line areas
Object of research is the electric network pressure 0,38 kV which is executed by air-lines.
The work purpose - working out and research of a control unit of a wire breakage of air-lines by pressure 0,38 kV.
Workings out were carried out on the basis of the theory of electric chains, transients and mathematical package Mathcad, 2000.
As a result of work the analysis of a quality monitoring of serviceability of wires of air-lines will be carried out; the device of protection of wires of air-lines 0,38 кV which will be based on imposing on currents of industrial frequency of currents of nonindustrial frequency of 100 Hz is developed; will current sources - a chain "diode-resistor", a chain from in parallel соедененых are investigated by capacity and the resistor and is consecutive with the diode, the diode and in parallel соедененых витковой inductance and capacity; the capacities analysed consumption by schemes of sources of a current. Economic efficiency of the device of protection will be calculated.
Introdaction
The power of Ukraine is a strategic branch of national economy which is a basis of functioning of all nation-wide complex of a social production and maintenance of decent living conditions of the population. Electric networks of Ministry for the Power Generating Industry of Ukraine total over 1 million in km of air and cable transmission lines of all classes of pressure, and also 207435 units of transformer substations, pressure 6 - 750 кV the general capacity 201483 МVA.
Distributive electric networks pressure 0,4 - 150 kV cover all territory of Ukraine and carry out, basically, functions of distribution and electric power transfer is direct to consumers.
As of 01.01.99 distributive networks of Ministry for the Power Generating Industry of Ukraine total 924,8 thousand in km of air-lines of an electricity transmission pressure 0,4 - 150 kV and 207305 transformer substations pressure 6 - 150 kV the general capacity 126143,7 МVA. Including: about 50 thousand in km of air-lines and 1408 substations pressure 110 - 150 kV the general capacity 57305,7 MVA; 70,7 thousand in km of air-lines of an electricity transmission and 3865 substations pressure 35 kV the general capacity 25456,7 MVA; 331,6 thousand in km of air-lines and 202032 substations pressure 6 - 20 kV total capacity 43381,3 МVА; 472,8 thousand in km of air-lines pressure 0,4 kV.
Electric networks of all classes of pressure should be in constant technical readiness and round the clock provide a continuous electrical supply of consumers. External electric networks to pressure 0.38 kV are executed; as a rule, air-lines. These networks consist of four - five-wire lines with deafly earthed neutral with repeated to grounding of a zero wire.
Air-lines 0,38 kV often enough fail. Damages arise at regular situations in electric networks: break wires, breakage of a zero wire, falling of a wire of an air-line of a high voltage on an air-line 0,38 kV and others. With 1998 on 2000 , in Zhigulevsk electric networks 14 cases of failure of an air-line, from them for the reason break zero and phase wires on an air-line 0,38 kV - 9 are registered, at breakage of a zero wire on air-line 0,38 кВ - 4, in case of falling of phase wire air-line 110 kV on air-line 0,38 kV - 1. On the beginning in 2002 of damage have averaged 10,5 refusals for a year on 100 km air-line 0,38 kV. At a wire breakage arises an operating mode of a line which adversely influences three-phase electric motors. Besides, the specified malfunction of a line can lead to defeat by an electric current of people and animals at collision with a wire which has broken[5,p174-177]. According to Management of a labour safety of Ministry for the Power Generating Industry of Ukraine through single-phase damages and a wire breakage to electric networks 0,4 kV every year perishes 70 - 80 people. The problem of an electrosecurity for some areas makes from 20 - 70 %. Therefore working out and introduction of new more perfect control units of serviceability of wires is an actual problem.
Master`s work is not finished yet.
Research problems
• To carry out the analysis of existing devices and a quality monitoring of serviceability of wires of air-lines power 0,38 kV;
• Development of the device of protection of wires of air-lines 0,38 kV which is grounded on imposing on currents of industrial frequency of currents of nonindustrial frequency of 100 Hz;
• Research of a source of a current - a chain "diode-resistor";
• Research of a source of a current - a chain from parallel in capacity and the resistor and is consecutive with the diode;
• Research of a source of a current - a chain the diode and is parallel inductance and capacity;
• Calculation of economic efficiency of implantation of the device.
Figure 1 - Scheme of protection AL. 0,38 кВ compensated error signal
Animation 640 x 356 x 7 frames, delay between frames 2 sec,
loops count — 5, size 23 Kb
At a writing of the given author's abstract master's work is not finished yet.
Literature
1. Пронникова М.И. Токовая фазосравнивающая защита от однофазных замыканий и обрыва нулевых проводов для сельских сетей 0,38 кВ / Пронникова М.И., Сукманов В.И., Меренков А.А.//В сб. Строительство сельских электросетей. Выпуск 12 (155). М.: Информэнерго, 1977, С. 18 - 22.
2. Желиховский Х.М. Автоматический контроль исправности цепи зануления /Желиховский Х.М., Чупайленко А.А., Остапенко Н.И.//.- Промышленная энергетика. 1977, №3, С. 41 - 43.
3. А.С. 945938 (СССР). Устройство для защиты участка линии напряжением до 1000 В от обрыва проводов / В.И. Сукманов, Р.Ш. Сагутдинов, В.И. Красников.- Опубл. В Б.И. 1982, №27.
4. Сагутдинов Р. Ш. Устройство типа УКО для контроля обрыва проводов в электрических сетях напряжением 0,38 кВ/ Сагутдинов Р. Ш., Красников В. И., Бутко А. И.// Экспресс-информация. Сер. Строительство сельских электросетей. М.: 1972, вып. 3, с. 14 – 15.
5. Кобазев В.П. Контроль исправности нулевого провода ВЛ 0,38 кВ/ Кобазев В.П.// Наукові праці ДонНТУ. Серія: електротехніка і енергетика, випуск 28. - Донецьк: ДонНТУ. – 2001. – С. 174 - 177.
6. Каструба С.Н. Человека защитит УЗО при авариях на воздушных линиях электропередачи/ Каструба С.Н.//.-Новости электротехники.-№1.-2003
7. Клименко Б.В. Нужна ли Украине система ТТ/ Клименко Б.В.// Электропанорама. 2002. №11.С. 18-21.
8. Будзко И.А. Электроснабжение сельского хозяйства.-М.: Агропромиздат, 1990,с.324-331
9. Харчевич А.А. Спектры и анализ.-М.:Физматгиз,1962.-236 с.
10. Шуцкий В.И. Опыт применения устройств защитного отключения в энергосистемах напряжением до 1000 В.-М.,1970.-63с.
