Osintseva Olga

Мining and geological institute
Speciality: Mining surbeying

Theme of master's work:

Restoration of the leveling rods for geometrical leveling the third grade, their research, laboratory and production testing and introduction into the educational process

Scientific adviser: Myrnyy Vyacheslav

Summary of research and developments

Introduction

Topical issue

The curriculum of the bachelor's, specialists and masters degree in business Surveyor "includes the study of discipline" Higher Geodesy and Photogrammetry basis, which necessarily includes practically mastered the section "leveling III and IV classes. Practical work (especially the leveling of class III) require special leveling rods. Reiki, which were applied before the department, because of the huge number carried out during 50 years of field work and difficult conditions of storage completely lost its working form. Acquisition of new strips is impossible because of lack of funds and difficulty of transportation from the cities (Kiev or Lvov), where they are available for sale. Therefore, relevant to the educational process is a qualified restoration of old rails.

The purpose and objectives of research

The aim is to obtain for the department equipment (leveling rods for geometric leveling of class III), which meet the standards for these types of geodetic products. Research objectives: a) to perform the material, artistic, aesthetic, geometrical reconstruction of two leveling rods, and b) carry out a full program laboratory staffs in accordance with the instruction, c) on the basis of suitability to install rails for the class of geometric leveling, and d) consolidate (in the vicinity of works along the geodesic practice) to 10 ground reference points, and e) "associate" set forth benchmarks level net with the nodal points; e) perform equalization Levelling Network method of least squares; g) on the basis of field and computational work to prove the appropriate construction of high-altitude study of class III accuracy.

.Ideya work and the object of study

The idea of work is to provide the material base of the Department of Surveying additional high-grade equipment to perform high-precision surveying. The object of study is the technique of making high-precision leveling works.

Scientific novelty and practical importance of the knowledge

This research will provide relevant section of the discipline necessary equipment and vertical base practice, and this in turn provides a valuable learning process.

The main content

Leveling of class III necessarily apply mine surveyor in the construction of tall networks on-site mine by laying lines of leveling between the trunks of related enterprises. Project development department produces training base in the undeveloped northern areas and heaps of Donetsk city constructed a special test site, which includes the network level net class III with a total length of about 15 km. Complete laboratory equipment department include bilateral and 2 leveling rod for precise leveling with desyatimillimetrovymi divisions on the black side and odinnadtsatimillimetrovymi divisions on the red side of the slats. However, due to long-term (60 years) of intensive exploitation and inappropriate storage conditions (humidity), appearance of the poles and their performance properties were largely broken and must be qualified and aesthetic restoration. It was therefore decided to perform the restoration of the existing rails and scientific substantiate their suitability (in the restored form) for accurate leveling. For the objectivity of the conclusions according to the quality of causing divisions, being counted by the formula:

Further search of the literature and other sources did not give the desired results of the method of manufacture or restoration of the leveling rods, probably because of the specialization issue. In this connection, performing work, had a lot of decisions to seek the experiment.

I'll describe some of the stages of work. After a detailed inspection of rails, mechanically using an electric grinder and chisel was removed old paint and a layer of low-quality wood to its undamaged fibers. The way the selection was made of putty good for glue. To give strength and durability of wood mounted in a vacuum valves in the form of a dense grid of screws, connected. After drying the completed grinding surface slats and double coating of high quality alkyd enamel white. These and the above work are certainly of practical interest, but are not the basis for achieving the necessary precision rails. An important step is to develop a method of causing divisions and a direct response to the most labor-intensive type of work. Immediately, it was decided to use the template to prevent the accumulation of errors causing divisions. For technological solutions to produce special template that is a copy of the original strips. Template, first drawn in the system AutoCad 2007, taking into account the accuracy of the system. Later it was done printing it on the plotter. It is interesting to note that the precision of printing on different plotters different and is 2,0 and 1,4 mm at 1 meter strips, respectively. This has been revealed by a study template control meter. However, in order to get a full template, you must cut the division with a sharp object. After several attempts to do it, I came to the conclusion that the available tools is impossible. Therefore, application of divisions will be done by hand, brush and alkyd enamel.

Drawing 1. Leveling rod (Animated drawing: number of shots - 14, speed - 50 ms, обьем - 47кB)

Conclusion

At this stage the job is not done, the results of work will be available from the head after the defense. Protection will be held in December 2010.

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