Mining and geology institute
Speciality: Mining surbeying
In connection with the mining on no-bottoms (800 - 1000м), considerably the requirements of coal industry rise to exactness and reliability of geological surveys information, especially on the questions of tectonic structure of deposit.
Presently in Donbass on depths more than 800м 140 mines work, 40 mines work on depths more than 1000м. Mastering of deep horizons requires perfections of method of secret service and, foremost, methods of prognosis of mining-and-geological factors which are determining at planning and building of mining enterprises, and also during exploitation of deposits. Before geological services of mines at preparation of new lavas the problem of the obligatory providing of prognosis of forecast the disturbance seams is set.
Therefore knowledge of quantitative conformities to the law of change of amplitudes of breaks violations both along strike and down dip fault plane planes matters very much theoretical and practical, enables to mine geological service more grounded to forecast position and character of change of amplitudes of breaks on the areas designed to working off. De spite the successful results of researches of geology of the Donetsk pool a question about quantitative descriptions of change of amplitudes of breaks violations is studied, it is not enough full.
The low-amplitude tectonic violations not exposed at secret service can result in:
-to the sudden extrass of coal and gas;
-complicates management of sewege and preparatory works;
- productivity of labour goes down sharply, and it conduces the turn to the stop of cleansing backwall dismantling of complex.
All these factors are negatively reflected on the economic indicators of coal enterprise
Thus, prognosis of the low-amplitude breaks violations not exposed in the process of the detailed secret service, is very actual.
Research of faulting coal seams of Donbass, development of method of prognosis and establishment of connection of falturing coal array, is the purpose of this work with low- amplitude breaks violations.
For achievement of purpose the following tasks decide in-process:1. Analysis of existent methods of prognosis of tectonic faulting coal seams.
2. Classification of violations on the degree of their influence on the technological process of coulisse of coal.
3.Establishment of connection between cracks and elements of bedding of low- amplitude violations with the purpose of prognosis of tectonic violations.
The complex method of research, including the purposeful analysis of literary sources, is used , analysis of questions on to prognostication of faulting use of cross-correlation vehicle of mathematical statistics.
Prognosis of elements of bedding of low-amplitude breaks violations on the basis of automation of treatment of facturing coal array
1.1 Review of existent methods of prognosis of breaks violations
Experience of conduct of mining on the mines of Donbass proves importance of prognostication of areas of distribution of low-amplitude tectonic violations of coal seams.In the terms of Donbass the detailed secret service of the mines fields set violations with amplitude over 10 - 15м. This problem attracts many researchers, because from the complication is of large scientific interest and has direct practical application.
Reliable prognostication of low-amplitude tectonic violations displacing coal layers on 0.1 - 10м, remains an unsolved problem, because the not exposed violations influence not only on the technical and economic indices of booties areas but also to work of mine on the whole.
To the present tense large experience of prognostication of breaks violations accumulated pretty on all the stage of mastering of deposit. It is used both independent methods and in combination with a few different methods. The graphic, geophysical, geological and probability statistics methods of exposure of little peaks tectonic violations are known. To this time of research in area of prognosis of tectonic violations was conducted to two directions.
1. Prognosis of positions and parameters of separate violations.
2. Quantitative estimation of facturing coal seams.
However to say that one of directions gives a complete answer to the question it is impossible about facturing of layer
.However, as shows experience of the field geophysics, the exposure is presently realized by the geophysical methods of violations of coal layers with amplitude of displacement at level 10м andmore.
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