One of the most complex, lengthy, costly and time-consuming processes in the complex of works on construction of the mine is the construction of vertical shafts. Evaluating the dynamics of techno-economic performance of building vertical shafts, it should be noted that during the past 30 years, substantial improvements were not observed, despite some undeniable practical, scientific, technical and engineering achievement. One of the main causes of negative tendencies, should be considered the exclusive use of mono technology - combined technological scheme of sinking regardless of the geological conditions sinking, technological solutions and strategies for project construction company. This work is devoted to the parameters of the parallel technology of vertical shafts, which will increase the rate of sinking in the way of enhancing the quality of work.
At a construction of deep vertical trunks in strong stable breeds in a world practice the parallel scheme sinking is most widespread.[10, 11]
The parallel scheme of sinking vertical shafts provides the maximal overlapping in time of works on drilling hole and cleaning of breed with operations on erection of a constant concrete lining, that provides higher speeds sinking trunks in comparison with the combined scheme[12, 13].
The important factor at the parallel diagram is that constant fastening is made outside of a zone of elastic deformations of the breeds caused by destruction of a pedigree file in a face of a trunk, is absent as influence of dynamic loads at explosive works on formwork and concrete which has not reached sufficient strength. It eliminates a possibility of destruction крепи and creates conditions for reduction of its thickness [14].
Thus, perfection of the parallel diagram проходки vertical trunks at present is very actual problem.
Objective of work is perfection of technology of construction of vertical trunks of mines on the basis of a background and a choice of rational parameters of the parallel technological diagram проходки.
Research problems:
- To prove replacement a shield decking concrete fastening on anchors;
- definition of rational structure of a concrete mixture with additives of acceleration hardening;
- a choice of rational structure sprayed-concrete for temporary fastening;
- maintenance of regulation of process hardening;
- computer simulation of the array
Dependences of process of hardening concrete from entered additives are received. Thickness of concrete fastening is proved. Dependences of process of hardening concrete from entered additives are received. Thickness of concrete fastening is proved. Technological process of erection concrete lining has been advanced.Technological process of erection concrete lining has been advanced.
At a present operation phase of Donetsk coal basin practically all vertical trunks are constructed in complex mountain-geological conditions [1]. Special complexity of mountain-geological conditions of Donbass, speaks universal propagations weak, layered, fissure and by virtue of it is easy caving clay breeds. Sinking trunks in Donbass the wide range of infringements with strong rocks becomes complicated also that trunks cross dangerous coal both pedigree layers.
The choice of a way and technology of a construction of vertical trunks of the mining enterprises do depending on a complex of mountain-geological conditions of the received prospecting chinks predicted on the basis of data as a result of drilling, and organizational factors describing a under construction object (availability or absence of the developed infrastructure of roads and other networks of communications, sufficiency of financing, a degree of a complete set the building equipment, existing enterprises of the building industry).
The sizes of cross-section section of trunks can be various, their choice is made depending on technological purpose of a trunk and the equipment had in it.
Despite of a variety of geological characteristics of containing breeds, wavering in greater intervals water-inflows, wide enough arsenal of applied types roof supports, technology and the diagram of passage of trunks almost always the same, and differs only depending on purpose of a constructed trunk. Types of cars and the mechanisms applied in a face and on a surface, are not modernized and do not change during many years. It is connected with unification of means that is positive, but during too time and limits possibilities of application of special, individual technologies. Application of types propping as it will be shown below, is limited basically monolithic. On the person absence of development of the new facilitated types propping with hardening breeds at overwhelming application expensive monolithic, with use of mobile metal timberings, and types of lining. Trunks pass basically under the combined diagram, researches on perfection of the most effective parallel diagram and its application are in practice very rare [4].
In order to justify the ways of fixing the author's research were subjected to statistical data from a number of sources on the geological characteristics of the rock mass, thickness and type of lining, the rate of sinking to 18 trunks of the Donetsk region, different diameters and depths. These results allow us to assert (image 1.2) that as a lining vertical shafts most widespread and increasing the concrete lining.
The analysis of statistical data shows, that not looking that combined lining is more resource-saving and economic, it till now has not received the big propagation, and its fraction makes not 2% much more. While the increase of thickness of constant fastening at a construction of trunks in complex geological conditions, has not justified itself since thickness of concrete more 700mm does not increase bearing capacity roadways. Data of statistics show, that the deviation of thickness lining from design size in practice is widespread everywhere and can reach 100% and is prominent feature of the accepted technologies in conditions unstable, fractured breeds with obviously expressed rheological properties.
The analysis of literary sources to determine the purpose and objectives of the Master's work. The dependencies as boundary conditions for the computer Computer ekspiriments.