The problem of recycling shabby car tyres and worn–out rubber articles has large ecological and economical importance for all developed countries of the world. Irreplacemence of natural oil raw materials demands the necessity of usage of second resources with maximum effectiveness, i.d. instead of the mountains of garbage we would get new for our region branch of industry – commercial re–making of waste[1].

The problem of utilization of rubber waste remains actual in spite of perfection of technology of the production of new articles. Storage and burial of polymer wastes is economically uneffective and ecologically undengerouse[6]. Because during long keeping they can isolate into the environment substances which can lead to disturbance of natural balance besides, to the moment of loss of rubber articles their operating characteristics polymer material proper undergones insignificant structural changes, which makes conditional the opportunity and even necessity of their second re–making.

One of the forward – looking methods of utilization is low–temperature pyrolize – thermal decomposition of organic compounds without air admittion with temperature 400 ÷ 500 °C[2]. The aim of the work is analysis of gas, liquid and solid fraction of low-temperatured pyrolize and the possibility of its application.

In course of the work it is planned to fulfil such tasks:

• -to implement comparative analyses of technological schemes for low-temperatured pyrolize,
• -to compare the peculiarities of the pyrolize products at these schemes.

For the first time the data for products of pyrolize with different methods of recept were compared.

There are two very different kinds of pyrolize installations – with outside heating and direct supply of fuel into reactor[3].

Figure 2 – Technological mounting of the installation for utilization of worn–out car tyres by method of low–temperatured pyrolize.

For both schemes technologicalprocess is the same and is performed in several stages: charging the rubber into reactor, heating, the proceed of pyrolize reaction proper and relieving of the apparatus.

Condensation system is destined for separation of liquid fraction from gauze (later on it may be used as fuel or re–made for extraction of valuable products). In doth installstions pyrolize gauze is used as a heat bearer.

However, admission of the heat bearer to the reactors is organized in different ways: if in scheme a) the heating is produced by furnace gauzes through the side of apparatus, than in b) admission of fuel pyrolize gauzes is proceed inside the reactor proper, and there the air, which is neseccary for heating, is set for[7]. This causes to the fakt, that compositions of pyrolize gauzes are completely different. Data for chromatographic analyses are introdused in the table:

It is obviouse  from these data that in the first case all components of the gauze are fuel (exeept CO₂), as for the second case the portial of fuel components is insignificatnt . With the usage of individual heats of components combustion according to equation of  it is calculated that for the first structure it is 31026,95 kilojoule/m³ (gas density 0,828 hg/m³), and for the second one it is 60 times less 619,43 kilojoule/m³ (density 1,274 hg/m³). At these conditions instabily of burning and disruption of the flame is possible, that`s why it is neseccary to have survival burner with liquefield gas. Also we should pay attention to the precence of oxygen ang hydrogen in pyrolize gas which can lead to explosion[9]. However, undoubted merit of the process, which is almost impossible in the first casee – the charging of the reactor is produced at room temperature, after that the heating should be, for this it is used coal or solid pyrolize products and only after temperature 150 °C, when gas appears, it becomes themain fuel[10]. This way, gas temperature during pyrolize increases from 150 till 450 °C, as for second scheme we can see constancy of the temperature – in the burning zone 450÷500 °C, at the exit of reactor 150 °C[8]. The difference in the conditions of the pyrolize process leads the different quantity of the receiving gas if according to material balance for the first case it is 5%, then for the second one it is two times much.

Consequently, as a result of comparison 2 schemes we can may a conclusion, that for realizaion of the first method we need more complicated equipment for pyrolize stage, large material expenses for building furnace with fire–proof masonry, however pyrolise gas has more warmth of burning and may be used in thermal aggregate making high temperatures. The second scheme is notable for simplicity of construction, an opportunity of realization of continuity of the process, however products which can be get, have low burning warmth and because of this the constant control of reactor heating is necessary.

The abstract of the Master's work is not complete yet . The final completion in December 2011. Full text of the work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the author or his head after that date.

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