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Abstract on the topic of final work
1.Introduction
2.The purpose of the study
3.The relevance of the research topic
4.Scope
5.Conclusion
6.Literature
Introduction :
The main energy source is coal in Ukraine. Coal is not only energetic source for the country, but also the guarantor of the independence of the state.Currently, the coal industry is having difficulty and one of them is to increase the average depth of the development of coal seams and the deterioration of the geological conditions to maintain mining.With increasing depth of deteriorating conditions for the maintenance of mining due to the increased repression in their country rocks.The problem of maintaining and preserving the stability of the workings behind the stope is relevant not only in terms of reuse, but also for ram ventilationas often bechaind ventilation can not achieve a high load on the lava because of the restrictions on the factor of ventilation.In the difficult geological conditions, increasing costs of maintaining mining. However, many of them are in poor condition.Significant displacement of rocks and the lack of carrying capacity is caused by bolting a large amount of repair work at maintaining and increasing cost workings of coal.With increasing depth of mineral development one of the most pressing issue was the maintenance of mines during their operation. Long-term studies in this area,allowed to develop a number of ways to improve the stability of mine workings.However, experience in implementing these methods showed that the duration of their effective impact on the array is limited and depends on the timeliness of application.
1.1 In the animation is shown schematically to reuse streka.30 kadrіv, 945kb
The purpose of the study
The problem of "how to save" is almost the most relevant in our time.The problem is that with the calculation model to construct a cost model for development of existing systems of thin coal seams,dependence find that would give a clear picture of whether this or that preparations for the production of a mountain for lava to save it for re-use or cheaper to go new.This is an economic issue,but to address this issue will take into account all the influencing factors of technology.
The relevance of the research topic
Requirements of "cost-effective and safe coal mining" technology best fits the workings save for reuse.Repairs and maintenance of development workings in mining enterprises of Ukraine is 15% -35% of the total cost of coal production.Despite the huge amount of repair work performed, the workings in a poor state remains a huge 15 ... 20% of the total length of supported excavations.Refusal to re-use of the preparatory mining leads to an increase in B1 ,7-1, 8 times the cost of excavation, the excavation necessary to prepare the field and not allow it, because of lack of pace of development workings,make timely reproduction of the front cleaning work.The problem of mounting and protection of underground workings in the coal mining industry in Ukraine is still paramount, the successful solution of which depends largely on coal production in the industry and the profitability of the coal enterprises.
One of the main causes of this problem - long emerging disparity between the working conditions in long stope - lavas and formation of preparatory workings, consisting of the following.For long production faces since the Soviet Union developed and widely commercialized high-performance mechanical systems with gidrofitsir propping, upgraded to the present time in three generations,have the potential to provide shallow layers of the daily average power load on the face up to 10 thousandsoHowever, in the technology of, and retention of development workings are still prevalent outdated ways and means to mount and sustain developments, requiring considerable manual labor, and most importantly,are imperfect and insecure in controlling rock pressure.Last calls for the systematic production of the repair work and hinders the potential of mechanized production faces.This is particularly evident in the development of complex conditions (deep water development, the high volume of gas reservoirs, the risk of geodynamic phenomena and other factors). These issues apply equally to the conditions of coal mining in the Donbass.Currently, testing of seams in the mines of "The Young Communist League of Donbass" under the technology to re-use development workings are supported on the boundary with the worked out prostranstvom.Dlya improve the reliability of the ILC-AZ and reduce the density of its installation in 1991were combined to implement frame-roof bolting, which increases the efficiency of the application stalepolimernyh anchors. To improve the reliability of the maintenance on the border with the workings-out space.One of the promising ways to improve techniques and maintenance of mining has been the creation and development of roof bolting. These works were carried out by a large group of foreign and domestic experts.
Establishment of a scope of a reuse of local mountain developments.
The reuse of local mountain development (former transport as ventilating) allows not only get rid from is whole between adjacent sites, but also to avoid breaks in work of the lavas connected with untimely preparation. Possibility to apply direct-flow airing with full diluting of methane on sources of its revealing is positive.
At the same time, it is necessity to repair (refastening) of the development kept for a reuse. At length of a wing extraction a site 1500m, time of working off of a site 18 months and time of preparation of a new column 10 months of displacement of a roof by data WNIMI for breeds with a fortress 50MPa will make 984мм, rebound soils 2491mm. If development is fixed arch with a pliability 600мм and its minimum section in light 11,2 its refastening 1 time is required, soil blasting to make 9 times. The size of displacement of breeds and consequently, both frequency and cost of repair of development, depends on depth of works Н, resistibility of breed s 
,time of working off of a column t. at depth burial developments 500 m refastening isn't required, and it would be necessary to make soil blasting only 5 times.
Reuse countervariant is carrying out for each lava (longwall) of two preparatory developments. In this case there are additional expenses for carrying out and if they exceed expenses for repair of development which is used repeatedly, this variant is less expedient.
Thus, the decision of a task in view for a case of the combined system of working out is reduced to an establishment natural and specifications, and each of these variants are equivalent, that is at various sizes of length of a column, depth of works, speed of advancement of a lava (longwall), a fortress of breeds, capacity of a layer to the equation decision.
, where - expenses intralava, accordingly at a reuse strecke and without it.
- Expenses for repair 1m developments according to transport and ventilating development in zone of maintenance.
- Expenses for a construction of means of protection of development in 3rd zone of maintenance. - expenses for carrying out 1m ventilating development.
- speed of clearing works.
- Length of a wing of a site
- Capacity of a layer
γ - coal density
C - factor of crushing of coal in a lava
h- length of a lava
In this equation depth of works and resistance of breeds (in sizes) is presented and also gas evolution in a lava (in sizes 
), at other systems of working out the equation assumes other air, but the principle of the decision of a problem remains.
The photographs show the deformation of the mine workings.
Conclusion: The model will be built at cost price "pass" excavation, the cost of repairing a meter production and the cost of maintaining one meter output.Will be obtained depending on the value of one meter from the impact of technological production and economic factors.
Literature:
1.Науковий вісник, НДУ, 2 0 1 0 , № 6
2. Зборщик М.П. Охрана выработок глубоких шахт в выработанном пространстве.- К.: Техшка, 1978.- 175 с.
3. Зборщик М.П., Братишко А.С., Прокофьев В.П. Выбор способов охраны и места расположения подготовительных выработок.- К.: Техш-ка, 1970.- 227 с.
4. Ирресбергер Г. Управление горным; давлением в лавах и штреках на большой глубине // Глюкауф.- 1980 № 5.
5. Исследование напряженного состояния! горных пород методом ЭГДА / С.М. Липкович, С.М. Ильенко, Ы.Н Лебедев, А.И. Костоманов // Изв. вузов. Горн, журн — 1965-№ 12.-С. 13—17J
6. Кошелев К.В., Петренко Ю.А., Новиков А.О. Охрана и ремонт горных выработок.- М.: Недра, 1990.- 220 с.
7. Литвинский Г.Г. Расчет устойчивости породной поверхности горных выработок // Устойчивость и крепление горных выработок Л.: ЛГИ, 1974.- Вып. 2.- С. 35-39.
