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Abstract

Сontent

Introduction

Mobile communications is developing the world's rapidly expanding continuously the volume and quality of services, making them a massive, accessible and adaptable to individual user needs. Implementation of new opportunities provided both by improving existing networks and implement new technical solutions associated with the creation of a global network infrastructure. This is in many ways supports the development of so-called multimedia services related to the transfer of high-quality broadband and a rather wide range of information. Speaking of systems, third-generation services are divided into two groups: nemultimediynye (narrowband voice, low-speed data transmission, traffic is circuit-switched networks) and multimedia (asymmetric and interactive broadband services, video and mobile Internet access).

Above problems can be solved by the introduction of broadband data transmission technology based on UMTS / HSPA. Such a move would give an opportunity to reach the broad masses of population of mobile Internet services and multimedia data services that will increase the profit of operator. It should be noted that the deployment of next generation network in some difficulties. First of all, it is necessary to allocate a fairly wide frequency range of the free (to start a solid 5 MHz, with further expansion to 15 channels for UL / DL (15 MHz)). To achieve the stated in 3G services should be considered sufficient capacity not only to radio subsystem, but also the transport network. Installation of new equipment and its harmonization with the existing infrastructure needs substantial cost, but to build a 3G network will pay for the investments in the coming years and provide an opportunity for further development of the operator.

Purpose of the master's work is development of the project segment of the 3G/UMTS standard in Amman (Jordan) for the provision of telecommunications services of high quality multimedia.

1. Analysis of a design object

1.1 Analysis of the design object 3G network


Object of designing a 3G network in this paper is the city of Amman - Jordan's capital and largest city in the country. The city's population of 2.5 million people (as of 2010 [ 1 ]). The area of ??the city is 1680 km 2.

In town are tobacco, leather processing, alcohol and spirits company, cement and brick factory. Also in town is a large international airport.

Amman is an important industrial and economic center of the country. Density of development of the city – is high. Development of the city mixed. In the center of the city are high-rise buildings (10 floors) – houses, business centers, shopping centers, corporations, schools – 2-3 storey buildings, colleges – three-story buildings, high schools and institutions – 5-6 floors. Also, most of the city is the private sector with the one-story buildings. Mobile covers almost the entire city and provides a fairly reliable connection, even to remote areas. The standard of GSM 900/1800, mainly in 1800 range, the density of base stations – is high. Mobile services in this standard provide "Zain", "Orange", "Jordantelecom-Amman". These networks also provide data transmission over EDGE technology at speeds up to 236.8 kbit/s. 3G services in the city has not yet provided.

The company "Jordantelecom-Amman" is a service provider that also provides primary telephone network, Internet access, leased lines for data transmission of ADSL technology [2].

Modern trends in the development of telecommunications in Amman associated with the emergence of new multimedia services and services that are more demanding of existing networks. Every day, these services are becoming more relevant to users. Building a modern multi-service mobile networks is a very convenient solution for existing providers, ensuring the involvement of even more customers and thus increase profits.

Mobile GSM network is not able to provide broadband data services. Therefore, the main objective of the design is to choose the most convenient and high-quality mobile technology for high-speed multimedia services predostaveniya. In recent years in the telecommunications sector has been widely considered a new generation of mobile networks based on technologies UMTS.

Thus the development of a segment of a UMTS network in Amman is an urgent problem, the services provided by the network will be three generations vosstrebovan.

Area map projection – of Amman, is shown in Figure 1.

Area map of Amman

Figure 1 – Area map of Amman

According to market research of potential customers for the next 5–10 years is 20% of the population of the city, that is, 500 000 inhabitants [3].

According to the results of the analysis can be put to the requirements of network services, and develop an information model.

1.2 Statement of requirements for network services


Consider the services to be provided by the network in detail.

Tools audio/video telephony HD Voice.

Under the Telephony service possible as the provision of standard telephone service, and its extended service – through the use of videophones various types (including software). In the second case the system are in fact analog video conferencing and can be serviced by the same control complexes as telephony services. To ensure the normal functioning of these applications required the creation of a symmetric channel with the following capacities:

Access to the Internet.

This service does not set specific requirements for the parameters of the network. Since the policy setting quality of service view the Internet as a low-priority traffic, it is not a competitor for real-time applications. If the customer has provided internet access with a guaranteed rate, it is necessary that procedures for traffic-shaping on the Node-B, which greatly complicates the task of operating the network. Therefore, the optimal model is the highest possible access speed and the expansion of available bandwidth. At the same available bandwidth is distributed evenly between active subscribers. This scheme allows you to best meet customer expectations, increase the bandwidth consumption and, consequently, the profits from the provision of services.

Mobile TV.

Enables users to view channels broadcast and satellite television on your mobile phone or other mobile devices. In order to optimize use of available bandwidth to be transmitted in a broadcast mode Multicast. Depending on the system of coding and encryption, you must have the capacity in the downlink channel 4 Mbit/s.

Video on demand.

Request and obtain services video on demand is an asymmetric interaction, which in the direct channel in the Unicast-mode digital video streams are transmitted and the user interface, but in the reverse channel – a request for information. Requirements for a minor back channel: the maximum required speed is less than 30 kbit/s. The rate in the direct channel, represents the average band, which is engaged in high-definition television signal, so this service should be provided with the same requirements as the mobile TV [4].

Other services.

Other services we assign the use of network resources to transfer files, game servers, mail servers. These services do not require special classes of delays and are flexible for network bandwidth.

2. RF-network

2.1 Territorial planning placement points BS


The concept of spatial planning includes analysis of the UMTS network capacity (bandwidth) of base stations, radio resource and service area and, ultimately, the assessment of sites and the hardware base station equipment for a variety of interfaces and core network elements. The task of spatial planning is the placement of radio BS over the territory of the planning area so as to provide 100% coverage and provide access for maintenance of BS.

The average radius of coverage of one base station is 600 meters may vary depending on terrain. Number of BS – 1485. Base stations – three-sector. The average height of BS antenna elevation – 15 m Destinations sectors will be adjusted when operating a network.

Distribution of all base stations in the city area of ??1680 km 2 can not [5], therefore, as an example of the location of BC segment in the city center (figure 2).

Example of a UMTS network coverage for the center of Amman

Figure 2 – Example of a UMTS network coverage for the center of Amman

3. Choice of concepts and technologies of network

3.1 Justification of the choice of UMTS/HSPA radio access network to build in Amman


Analysis of the District Planning network shows that it is appropriate to deploy on its territory mobile network UMTS. We give a comparative description of UMTS / HSPA in comparison with the existing GSM network in Amman and other modern technologies of radio generation 3G/4G.

In a GSM network in the evaluation of the energy balance of the radio DL assumption is that the speed of data transmission base station 236.8 kbit / s, coverage should be the same as in the radio UL, which operates at data rates 9.6 kbit/s [6]. Since the DL channel used by the whole power of the base station to communicate with a subscriber station, the size of the base station service area is limited to the channels UL. Thus, the cell radius greater than 200 m speed of data transmission will be unstable and vary from 9.6 to 144 kbit/s, which does not meet the requirements of a modern mobile data network, and access to modern technology in general.

3.2 Choice of transport network technologies


Network operators depending on the needs of its customers profess different approaches to ensure the availability of their services in urban networks. In the European regions, the emphasis is mainly on a regular Ethernet, so that the Ethernet traffic is passed without recourse to an intermediate level of copper or optical media. The need for affordable bandwidth steadily increases, so in urban networks ever more clearly the trend of transition from conventional Ethernet to the so-called optical Ethernet with data rates up to 10 Gbit/s. These networks penetrate the local area in the global network of subsidiaries and associated clients in a variety of city networks of global channel.

The advantages of both approaches are based on their technical background. Ethernet is adapted to the needs of local networks and almost no recourse to the centralized management of data traffic. Such networks can be built using simple and inexpensive components. Today, telecom operators have to use Ethernet in the same way as in regional networks for urban networks. However, based on the parameters of a regular Ethernet to make accurate conclusions about the quality of transmission is unlikely. It is possible for some applications but at a higher level, for example using TCP/IP, which complicates the analysis of errors. Of particular criticality of this situation takes on long transmission lines.

SDH, in contrast, is optimized for data transmission in optical wide area networks, and has mechanisms to monitor and manage data traffic. In addition, due to the synchronous data transfer SDH network work very effectively. Displaying GFP in EoSDH uses this advantage and efficiently operate an asynchronous data traffic in local area networks [9].

The technology allows for standards EoSDH general procedure frame sync (Generic Framing Procedure, GFP), virtual concatenation group (Virtual Concatenation Group, VCG) and the circuit configuration channel capacity (Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme, LCAS). Using these operators modulate Ethernet data from the local client network so that they can be transmitted efficiently through the structure of SDH. GFP results in Ethernet packets of varying lengths in accordance with the requirements of standard shipping containers SDH. VCG provides granular provision of bandwidth on the network SDH. For this method combines a variety of routes in the SDH network into a virtual pencil. The advantage is that with the help of VCG bandwidth SDH networks scales with a smaller step. Finally, LCAS offers one more adapted for Ethernet transmission alternative to traditional protective mechanisms of SDH. She is responsible for ensuring that high availability and SDH remained Ethernet. If one of the joint through the VCG paths fails, the others will continue to perform its tasks [11].

Thus, for the construction of the transport network will be used to further the technology EoSDH transition to Gigabit Ethernet.

3.3 Choice of network topology


After analyzing the possible network topologies, as well as taking into account the geographical aspects of the design district and the possibility of switching the location of nodes in the locations of existing equipment GSM, we conclude that for scalability and performance, the most reasonable is a ring topology on the transport layer nucleus (RNC, MGW, MGC, SGSN) and ring connections for access between levels trancportnom Node B.

The advantage of this topology is that, in comparison with topologies it has better fault tolerance, since it includes all the best qualities of other topologies, and provides highly reliable data transmission.

Thus, this project will be organized by the backbone network on the basis of the ring, which will combine the core network router nodes (RNC, MGW, MGC, SGSN). Transport network access will be provided as a ring topology to connect the Node-B. This will keep the services of the subscribers in case of emergency. Node B will be included in a large ring road.

The topology for the network segment of the central part of the city in relation to the Amman map is shown in figure 3.

Network topology map of the central district of city

Figure 3 – Network topology map of the central district of city

Topology allows the connection of a large number of stations and the characteristic, usually for large networks, and maintains a high level of scalability and manageability.

Summary

In the present work was carried out design of the UMTS network in Amman – Jordan's capital. Development of a segment of a UMTS network in Amman is an urgent problem, the services provided by the network will be three generations vosstrebovan. According to market research of potential customers for the next 5–10 years is 20% of the population of the city, that is, 500 000 inhabitants.

Based on the calculations, the average load of a network subscriber using a single radio access services is: for DL = 0.318 Mbit/s, for UL = 0.058 Mbit/s. At the same time share a single channel DL can be distributed between the three network users. UL channel can take up to 6 users [12].

There have been justification for the selection of UMTS/HSPA radio access network design in Amman. This technology provides the full requirements for network services and make it easy to deploy new broadband services.

Based on fact that in Amman there is a well-developed network of SDH, is to reduce the cost of building the network would be rational to use the technology EoSDH (in optics), with the gradual replacement of part of the network to the optical Gigabit Ethernet.

In a course of the work have been developed and described the structural and functional network diagrams, protocols and interfaces, the interaction sites.

Also in the work was carried out selection of network equipment at all levels. Analysis of existing solutions for 3G networks showed that optimalnyi in all respects is a provider of company Ericsson.

Qualitative assessment of allowable loss of the radio BS-MS for the different services and different network conditions at the location of subscribers showed that at the boundary of the loss of hundreds of permissible under the TK is not more than 160 dB are observed for all cases considered. This means that not all of the coverage network subscribers will be provided with the necessary signal level, which means a high level of service quality.

Conclusion

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