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Abstract on the subject of graduating work

Content

1. The aims and objectives of the study

The purpose of master's work is to study the status, development of measures to improve ventilation of the mine SE Orzhnonikidzemine, and a study of aerogas KAGI control the development of a new horizon.

In this paper, the following tasks:

  • Performed the analysis ventilation fan operating conditions, the availability of reserve air supply;
  • Implementation of a comparative analysis of the content metena control in mines using portable devices and complex equipment KAGI;
  • The provision of fresh air ventilation facilities and the distribution of air through the mine;
  • Examines the state of the mine workings, ventilation facilities, the reasons for the excess payment of air leaks (underground and surface);
  • Assesses the loss of specific depression on the main route of the mine;
  • Development of measures to improve the ventilation shaft on the current and future periods;
  • Development of schemes for ventilation during the development of a new horizon in view of the sensors of KAGI.

    • 2. Relevance of the topic

    Complex information aerogas Kagi installed at 69 mines in Ukraine and is used to control the content of methane and air flow in mines, ventilation in the management of dead-end roadways and emergency power outage when invalid values of methane and ventilation violations. Purpose - aerogas control efficiency by simultaneously using information from a variety of automated systems operating at the mine. According to McNeil used Kagi will prevent 30 % to 50 % of accidents involving explosions of methane. Application information is regulated by a complex aerogas regulations on labor protection and industrial safety. Application appapratury Kagi to control the content of methane and air flow will increase the security of the atmospheric conditions in the mines, which is also an important task for the current mine, where there was an explosion of MBC. Ensure efficient and effective ventilation of the mine not only improves the security of atmospheric conditions in the mountains to the mines, but also reduces the cost of power to the ventilation shaft, which indicates the relevance of the topic of master's work.

    The Karl Marks mine

    Picture 1 – The Karl Marks mine

    3. Summary of the master's work

    Brief information about the mine

    Field of the Karl Marx mine in the Central Geological and industrial area located in the eastern part of the southern wing of the main anticline Donbass, is limited to the west of the mine field to them Gayevoi, in the east - to eliminate coal-mining company Red Profintern.

    The lower limit of the technical reserves of coal excavation of 1200 m (note - 975 m). Side rock on all the layers are unstable shales, and also notes the existence of false roof and a capacity of soils 0,03-0,40 m Lozhnyaki are very unstable shales, foliated coal veins that have no connection with the rocks of the direct coupling of the roof and the ground, collapsing after the recess formation. Coal seams simple and complex structures with layers of clay or carbonaceous shale power 0,03-0,20 m

    Mining and geological conditions of operation, due to the abrupt occurrence of thin coal seams, the presence of unstable host rocks, variability in the morphology of layers, high natural gas content and the explosive layers are regarded as complex.

    The dimensions of a mine field: the strike of 4500 m, across the strike - 2090 m lower technical limit of the shaft passes through the isohypses 950 m

    On the balance of the mine listed as Middle Carboniferous coal seams are the following formations: C27-Gorlovskaya, Diamond A26, C25 - Kamensky.

    Results on the balance of the mine including 21 coal seams, with balance reserves and off-balance sheet reserves and 2 reservoir with reserves of category C2.

    Capacity of coal seams ranging from 0,4 m to 2,40 m. Operating ash varies from 15 % to 35 %. Natural gas-bearing coal seams in the mountains. 1000 m varies from 14 to 25 m3/t. s .b .m. The angle of dip - 60-68 ° The natural temperature of the rocks on the horizon 1000 m at +30 °С...+31,50 °С. Industrial reserves of coal mine as of 1/1/2012, the amount 23,229 million tons, 30,166 million tons of reserves of these horizons: Horizon 1000 m: (acting) Industrial stocks - 8,0 million tons. Balance reserves of -9,5 million tons. To the southern boundary of the technical (note - 950) Industrial stocks - 12,605 million tons. Balance reserves - 15,194 million tons. The mine is developing coking coal grade F, K, OS, steam coal type T

    Export of coal to the surface

    Picture 2 – Export of coal to the surface

    The method and analysis of mine ventilation. The scheme of ventilation shafts - central, the method of ventilation - suction. Ventilation is the main mine ventilation system, located at the skip shaft number 3, equipped with two fans EC-5. Fresh air is drawn into the mine on the trunks № 1, № 2 and № 4 for the horizon of 500 m, 750 m and 1,000 m, followed by lavas, other objects of ventilation vent is directed to develop a horizon 875 m to skip shaft number 3 and are given to the surface. During research into the mine received 66,9 m3/s of air. Excluding air from pneumatic, air shaft is provided at 129 % (the estimated amount of air - 51,5 m3/s). On the airing of excavation sites received 19,7 m3/s of air (calculated - 17,0 m3/s). Provision of an average 115 %. All parts of the calculated amount of air supplied from an excess of: station number 45-1000 m, station number 55n-1000 m (Kobe = 115-135 %). On the winding chambers spent 17,4 m3/s of air (calculated - 12,2 m3/s, security - 142 %). Camera: gorizont 750 m, warehouse BM; horizon 500 m, pumping; horizon 875 m, pumping, 1000 m horizon, elektrogarazh; horizon 1000 m, warehouse BM (Kobe = 115-273 %). On the winding-supported workings spent 5,5 m3/s of air (expendables - 3,7  m3/s), security - 148 %. Spare parts are supported making: the horizon of 875 m, the northern branch of the barrel number 2 the horizon of 875 m, the southern branch of the barrel number 2 (Kobe = 116-164 %). All objects are fully equipped with air, as is evident from the data for all objects in the case of excess supply air flow, which requires a higher performance fan and leads to overuse of electricity. The reason for this is adopted at the mine uneconomical mode of the fan and the poor regulation of the distribution of ventilation air surveillance. Total internal air leakage through underground ventilation facilities were 3,24 m3/s of air (calculated 13,9 m3/s). Internal air leakage exceeds the regulatory structures in the air: 875 m horizon of the southern branch of the trunk of a number by 70 %, 875 m horizon of the northern part of the trunk of a number of 150 % in 750 m horizon of the northern branch of the barrel number 3 by 10 %, 750 m horizon of the southern branch of the hole number 3 at 10 %; 1000 m horizon tilting coal by 100 %, 1000 m horizon of the southern branch of the barrel number 3 by 20 %, 1000 m horizon of the northern branch of the barrel number 3 by 120 %; 1000 m crossing the horizon in the barrel number 3 at 10 %; the horizon 750 m south crosscut by 130 % (Cob = 170 %). This is due to the fact that the building is not air tight, lintels, doors, locks poorly sealed around the perimeter and area of production, so any oversized air leakage. External leak through the vent structures pithead and Koper barrel number 3 amounted to 36,7  m3/s, exceeding the estimated - 9,7 m3/s in 3,7 times. Air leaks in the ventilation system were 8,5 m3/s (estimated - 6,0 m3/s) through the ventilation facility pithead barrel number 3 at 270 % through the ventilation duct EC-5 to 30 %. Loss of depression in the channel of AIV was 24,018 daPa (channel resistance of AIV was 0,00215 daPa * s2/m6). Were surveyed four district and development faces. All development faces were provided with the calculated amount of air, however, the maximum temperature was recorded: in the airway reservoir Salt-west horizon, 875 m (28 °C), on airway layer thick-eastern horizon, 875 m (28,2 °C), on the southern horizon crosscut 875 m ( 28,0 °C). Changing the parameters of heat and air flow is mainly due to the heat transfer wall rocks in the mines haulage horizon and in the lavas. Along the way, the movement of air from the trunk to the working areas air mass flow rate and speed to develop a reduced, which contributes to heat the ventilation air stream. Produced by control measurements of concentrations of methane have shown that the content in the outgoing air streams do not exceed acceptable PB rules. Depressiogramma through the excavation of the site number 55 n–1000 m in the network of AIV shows that in the workings of a jet of fresh air (up to lava) consumed 16,69 daPa, or 15 % of the route of depression (108,61  daPa), the length of the workings - 1525 m or 51 % of the total length of the route (2955 m). In the workings of the outgoing air stream (after the lava) raskhodovadls 57 daPa or 52 % of the depressed route. Loss of depression in the lava was - 34,92 daPa. Studies have shown the presence of reduced in comparison with the regulatory drag. Distribution of depression on the lava route number 55-N showed that the specific depression of the whole route hm.ud. = 0,024  daPa, to develop a fresh stream of hud.sv. = 0,0069  daPa, the workings of a jet emanating hd.iskh = 0,0369 daPa. In some mines the specific loss of depression above the average specific losses on the route - a barrel number 2 (0,0279 daPa) okolostvolny yard hole number 2 (0,5 daPa), crosscut the southern horizon, 1000 m (0,0362 daPa), lava number 55 –N ( 0,1519 daPa), crosscut the southern horizon, 875 m (0,0695 daPa), reception area skip shaft number 3 (0,2295 daPa), channel AIV (0,9601 daPa), channel AIV (0,0583 daPa), EC–5 (0,129 daPa) Difuzornaya lyada (0,4154 daPa). Depression is a natural draft to vent routes excavation sites was 31,2 daPa and contributed to the work of the main ventilation fan.

    VC-5

    Picture 3 – VC-5

    Measures to improve ventilation

    In order to improve mine ventilation network, improve its ventilation and reduce the excessive costs of fresh air offered the following priority actions: Improve air-tightness of structures pithead skip shaft number 3 (from 45,3 to 15,7 m3/s), air lock doors: the northern branch of the barrel number 3 1000 m horizon (from 6,5 to 2,8 m3/s) northern branch of the barrel number 3 horizon 750 m (from 3,2 to 2,7 m3/s), the southern team barrel number 2 branch of the horizon 875  m (from 4,1 to 2,5 m3/s); insulating structures: the northern branch of the Barrel number one horizon 875 m (from 4,1 to 2,5 m3/s), crosscut the southern horizon 750 m (from 1,2 to 0,5 m3/s). -Reduce the airflow to the normative: by tilting the horizon 1000 m (from 5,5 to 2,6 m3/s) through the pump chamber horizon 500 m (from 5,2 to 1,9 m3/s) by reducing the cross section of the adjustment of ventilation windows. Implementation of the above priority measures will allow more efficient distribution of air through the ventilation facilities to move to new, more cost-effective options for working with a capacity of AIV 80,2 m3/s and 76,3 daPa depression. In the future, to improve the ventilation shafts and schemes to improve the thermal conditions in the workplace is invited to: -Isolated and excluded from the scheme of ventilation horizon 750 m, which will increase the air supply to the working areas; - To ensure the rational factor of the thermal velocity of the air in the workings and faces (for lava - 4 m/s, for the development faces - 0,7 m/s) - To produce and air drying of the workings of the natural water inflow through the removal of closed grooves in obscheshahtny header; - In the workplace in the bottom-hole spaces traversed by the workings of blind use of pneumatic dushiruyuschie fans coolness to the local speed of air movement and prevent overheating in the miners' faces.

    Transmission of data through a system of control aerogas KAGI

    Animation 1 – Transmission of data through a system of control aerogas KAGI

    Kaga control system aerogas

    The system should provide:

    continuous tracking of the central parameters of the mine atmosphere (gas concentration, air velocity, temperature, pressure, humidity) to the current (operational), the detection of natural and technological hazards that affect, directly or indirectly on the state of the mine atmosphere; take timely measures to ensure the safety parameters by normalizing the mine atmosphere, or the termination of mining operations; information storage and its subsequent use in the development of integrated activities obscheshahtnyh safety when calculating the amount of air supplied to the mine workings, as well as to establish the category of the mine gas show.

    The system must contain the following:

    technical support tools for selection, transfer and delivery of information to the control room of state security and the controlled parameters for each production site; information provision to convert the incoming data to a form suitable for the perception of an engineer - the operator of Kagi and mountain manager; organizational support for the dissemination of information to users, decision making and execution, and to keep the system operational. Technical maintenance of the system must contain the Kagi means to ensure the completeness, accuracy and uniqueness of the information received. Information support system should include Kaga control results in order to facilitate the adoption of optimal solutions of the mountain manager, and in case of emergency - the responsible head of an emergency. Organizational support of Kaga must contain a list of persons involved in its work, as well as their job descriptions, determining the ratio of staff to the Kagi system and the interaction between them.

    4. Conclusion

    In this paper, a thorough analysis of the ventilation shafts SE Ordzhonikidzheugol. Set of security flaws in the ventilation, and air in the overpayment to be applied to objects of ventilation. Actions on sovershenistvovaniyu airing on the current period and for the foreseeable future. A brief description of the control system aerogas Kagi, which is used at the mine since 2008. The advantages of using Kagi apparatus for controlling the content of methane in the mine, compared with silo interferometers. Master's thesis is under development, so polee complete information you can contact the author, Catherine Papakina, or a head start, Stukalo Vitaliy.

    Literature

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    4. Safety rules at coal mines. - K.: Ministry of Coal Industry of Ukraine, 2010.–208 p.

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    8. Klepikov Boris . Mikhailov V., Kuz'min V., A.  Zuev, Moskalets II Guidelines for the production of depression and gas surveys in coal mines - Moscow: Nedra, 1975– 62 p.