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Abstract
Analysis of the impact of unintentional electromagnetic waves on pilot and navigation equipment of aircraft

Contents

Introduction

The problem of increasing flight safety has always been and will be one of the most important challenges facing developers and exploiters of civil aviation. But even with the most modern radio-electronic equipment (REE) there can be a situation, when the aircraft, the crew of which performs piloting strictly according to the indications of devices, gets into air accident. The reason for this is the influence of all sorts of radio equipment, which is not involved in the provision of flight: aircraft radio electronic equipment, radio and television stations, mobile phones and working computers, the influence of natural factors such as lightning. These factors are destabilizing for the whole equipment of the aircraft in whole.

1. Theme urgency.

Currently super saturation occurs radio resource, which in turn leads to a mutual inter-system interference. Especially important is the effect of electromagnetic interference on the flight and navigation equipment of aircraft flying near large cities and industrial centers. Investigation and analysis of the impact of potential interference will increase the immunity of equipment and reduce the number of accidents caused by these interferences.

2. Goal and tasks of the research.

The aim of the study is to analyze the possible electromagnetic interference affecting the flight control and navigation equipment of aircraft.

Main tasks of the research:

  1. Characteristics of possible unintended electromagnetic interference.
  2. The main components of the navigation equipment of the aircraft.
  3. Building a model of an aircraft accident, caught in an unfavorable electromagnetic environment.

Research object: combat fighter Su-27.

Research subject: unintended effects of electromagnetic interference.

3. Overview of research and development.

One of the most acute problems of aviation today is the issue of safety. Accidents each year carry dozens or even hundreds of people's lives, lead to the loss of expensive aircraft and other material losses held back the pace of development of aviation as the most versatile transport and military industry. Despite the fact that the military aircraft accidents involving large loss of life are rare events, the issue of safety of not becoming less and therefore require solutions.

Among the masters of Donetsk National Technical University on raising the safety of the aircraft involved in the students of the TZIm-12 Mikhail Gritsenko and Andrey Ushakov.

4. Overview and brief description of possible unintended electromagnetic interference.

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of electronic means the ability of radio electronic facilities of various purpose work simultaneously so that the interference to radio reception, arising in such work, only lead to insignificant reducing of quality of the implementation of the RECs functions.

While Ref is working interference to radio reception is inevitable. Electromagnetic interference (EP) – undesirable effects of electromagnetic, magnetic and electric fields, as well as the current and voltage of any source, which can degrade the quality of the functioning of the system due to the distortion of informative parameters of the signal.

The origin of electromagnetic interference are natural and artificial, the latter of which can be disposed of (industrial) and intentional (organized). Unintentional EP arise because of the physical process, imperfection of technological tools and taken technical and organizational measures.[1]

5. SU-27: description, brief description, description of the flight-navigation equipment.

The Su-27 (Flanker C according to NATO classification) was a Soviet multi-purpose highly maneuvrable all-weather fighter. Is intended for gaining a dominance in the air. Adopted by the Soviet army in 1990. At the current moment, is one of the main aircraft of the Russian air force. Designed by the Sukhoi design Bureau.

The chief designer of the Su-27 – Mikhail Petrovich Simonov. The main combat – heavy fighter-interceptor of a large radius of action. On the layout and the aerodynamics plane reminds MiG-29, but is larger in size. All control of the plane is carried out through electro management system. [5]

Stunt - Pugachev's Cobra

Picture 1 – Stunt – Pugachev's Cobra
(Animation: 7 frames, 5 cycles of recurrence, 81 kb)

6. Ways of solving problems of the impact of unintentional interference on the flight-control and navigation equipment.

One of the possible solutions to the problem of the impact of unintentional electromagnetic interference is shielding.

Shielding – localization of electromagnetic energy in a certain space at the expense of limiting the spread of it in all possible ways. Between the 2-dimensional electric circuits, located at some distance from each other can be the following types of links:

  1. Through an electric field.
  2. Through a magnetic field.
  3. An electromagnetic field. [8]

The main task of the shielding electric fields is the reduction of capacitive coupling between the source of the interference and the loads to be protected. Therefore, shielding effectiveness is largely determined by the attitude of capacitive coupling between the source of the interference and the element before and after installation of grounding of the screen.

Therefore, any actions that lead to the reduction of capacitive coupling, increase the effectiveness of shielding. With the increase of the frequency of the electric field shielding effectiveness is reduced. The effectiveness of magnetic static screening increases in the application of multi-layer screens.

With the increase of the frequency of the electric field shielding effectiveness is reduced. The effectiveness of magnetic static screening increases in the application of multi-layer screens. [9]

Conclusion

This graduation work dedicated to actual scientific task of increasing of aircrafts security by reducing the effects of electromagnetic interference on the flight and navigation equipment.

The following tasks are done at the moment:

  1. Analysis of possible electromagnetic interference.
  2. The model of an uncontrolled impact of electromagnetic waves on the flight and navigation equipment is examined.
  3. Possible ways of solving the problem are suggested.

Further studies focused on the following aspects:

  1. Construction of aircraft model the flight and navigation equipment of which affects the electromagnetic interference.
  2. Optimization of methods for reducing the influence of unpremeditated EI.

This master's work is not completed yet. Final completion: December 2013. The full text of the work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the author or his head after this date.

References

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  8. Уайт Д. Общие вопросы ЭМС. Межсистемные помехи / Д. Уайт. – М.: Советское радио, 1977. – 320 с.
  9. Шапиро Д. Основы теории электромагнитного экранирования / Д. Н.Шапиро. – Л.: «Энергия», 1975 г. – 112 с. с ил.
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