Development of equipment for effective dust recovery

The industrial potential of Ukraine is fixed in territory Donetsk area. The huge load is created higher concentration industry infrastructure in biosphere. Donetsk area is region with critical state of the environment.

The centrifugal dust collector use at the most coke chemical plants of Ukraine. Their effectiveness reach 92%, but higher speeds lead to secondary dust carry–over. Modern requirement for emissions are cause for creation more effective dust recovery.

The effective dust recovery reaching with using high speed apparatus and multi–step charts, as well as using additional mechanisms separation and physical–chemical method processing of gases.

The dry mechanical dust collector are diveded on the gravity, inertia and centrifugal mechanisms deposition. The dry dust collector is easy to manufacture and is used widely apply (especially cyclones) in the industry. The efficiency of collection of dust in these products is not sufficient in case of fine dust, and also at a high input of dust gases.

The cyclone in which it’s used both centrifugal and inertia forces is one of the promising ways of improving efficiency of the air purification at the coke chemical plants the enterprises, to. Th apparatus are used for fine dust at the coke chemical plants.

Dusty gas enters in the swirl device 2 through inlet 6, in which are located a blade profile 5, contributing to the twisting of dust gas flow. The special position of the swirl device ensures the preservation of high gas velocities of up to 20 m/s in the upper part of the apparatus in contrast to the tradional cyclones.

The separation of dust particles occurs in the twirled flow under the action of centrifugal forces forces in the space between the body 1 and screen 8, established under swirl 2. The purified gas changed twice its direction enters in pipe of output 7. The screen installation increases the efficiency of the dust collection due to better aerodynamics of the flow in the upper part of the apparatus and reduces the secondary dust etrain preventing an ingress of the particles bounced from the case in the flow of the purified gas. Separeted dust enters under the action of gravity force on the wall of the body into the lower part of the body and is collected in tne bunker 9.

Figure 1— The principal scheme centrifugal and inertia equipment for dust recovery

The phenomenon of adhesion it is observed it is observed in an initial stage of a dust in dust collectors when particles are besieged on a pure surface. Deduction of the dust is caused by autohesion forces. The layer of particles changes geometry inside the device and reduces efficiency of working space of collection of particles.

The problem of dust emissions is connected with a choice of dust collectors and ensuring their reliability and efficiency. This problem is caused by the insufficient level of knowledge of physical and chemical properties of the dust (dispersion, wettability, abrasively, conglutination etc.) that leads to unreasonable decisions on a choice of dust collector devices at the coke chemical plants.

Carrying out exploration of adhesive properties of caught particles and search of materials and coverings for use of dust collectors of a new design at the enterprises of the chemical industry which will reduce adhesive interaction of the small dispersion dust of the coke chemical plants with internal surfaces of the equipment is necessary. This will allow using the equipment more effectively.