Abstract
- Introduction
- 1.Analysis of the question
- 2. Objective.
- 3. Scientific novelty
- The causes of the explosions.
- Conclusions.
- The causes of the explosions.
- References
Introduction
The explosion–a physical or chemical process of burning fast with the release of considerable energy in a small volume over a short period of time, leading to shock, vibration and thermal effects on structures of buildings and facilities and the environment. In recent years, in our country, the cases of natural gas explosions in apartment houses. On average, 63 of the explosion occurs in the year.
1. Analysis of the question
According to the Russian Emergency Situations Ministry in the period from 2006 to 2009 in the gasified apartments Russians explosions occurred due to leakage of household gas. During the same period (t = 4 years) in Russia was in operation about N1= 29,479,750 gasified apartments. It was found that the time intervals between the explosion of domestic gas do not conflict with the exponential function of the probability distribution of the criterion of consent Bartlett [1].
From this it follows that the flow parameter explosions in apartment can be determined as follows:
In the case where N1•t<0,1 the probability of an explosion in the gasified apartment for a year is defined as follows
Using the formula Moivre–Laplace, with a confidence level of 0.95 get a confidence interval [2].
Consequently, in the apartments of Russians with a confidence level of 0.95 the number of explosions per year will range from 79 to 111 explosions.
According to the Ministry of Ukraine for the period from 2006 to 2009 in the gasified apartments Ukrainians occurred explosion due to leakage of household gas. During the same period in operation was approximately N2 = 15914464 gasified apartments. Hence:
For the case when N2•t<0,1 the probability of explosions during and the year is equal to:
The confidence interval with a confidence level of 0.95, which contains Q2(1) the value is:
This means that with a confidence level of 0.95 in the flats of Ukrainians will occur at least 50 gas explosions, and the maximum 76.
2. Objective.
Development of a mathematical model to explain the process of formation of a gas explosion in the apartments because of equipment failures fracturing. Suggest a methodology for assessing explosion apartments
3. Scientific novelty
Getting a new analytical dependence of the probability explosion in electrified areas in the course of time t from the frequency of the electrical source, the duration of its existence, the frequency of occurrence in the room explosive concentrations of methane-air mixture and the duration of its existence. The practical value
Methods of assessing the explosion hazardous facilities against explosion and fire and the development of technical solutions to ensure their safety. In order to virtually eliminate gas explosion in the apartments of Russians and Ukrainians, need to find out and evaluate the key factors influencing their explosion and scientifically sound technical and organizational measures, the use of which, the amount of gas explosion would be several orders of magnitude lower than the resulting statistics level.
nchronization signals and one RAM (Random Access Memory) module has been involved.4. The causes of the explosions.
The main causes of accidents in the gasified areas is a violation of safety regulations and equipment failure on gas distribution points (GDP). When we talk about security, reliability and efficiency of the gas supply system, we understand a list of the factors that determine these parameters. One of the main is the safe operation of the gas control points (GCP) and installations, the main features are: reducing the pressure, the pressure stabilization in all modes of load networks, shut off the gas in case of excess or excessive pressure drop values, alarm reset, the gas pressure, clean it, the account flow and allowing remote monitoring of the state of fracturing operation and remote control.
If hydraulic fracturing is carried out is not a pressure reduction, the transition can occur secondary gas pressure (from 0.005 to 0.3 MPa) in the conduit where the gas is maintained under pressure up to 5 kPa. Pressurization can promote the detachment of the flame from the gas burner plates, which leads to the premises before filling the gas space explosive concentrations (5–15% methane in air). An accident occurs at the coincidence in time and space of three random events: a pressure regulator refused to fracturing; refused cutter instantaneous; denied relief valve. In this case, the gas under high pressure from the gas sees Flat plates and when the concentration of methane in the air forms explosive mixture capable explode yourself.
Consequences of explosion of household gas in homes
The situation is complicated by the technical backwardness and gas equipment mismatch modern requirements and regulations. Currently, due to the increasing incidence of domestic gas explosion in new homes under construction regulations provide for the installation of gas protection with the action on the signal. Private companies are designing safety valve, which work in conjunction with the gas protection and, in agreement with the gas service, can be installed in apartments.
The second version of the gas explosion in a residential area pretty banal, in a saucepan of boiling water enters the burner, fire extinguished, gas begins to fill the room. The slightest spark (lit match, pressing the switch, etc.) leads to an explosion.
Therefore, modeling of such accidents and the development of organizational and technical recommendations to prevent similar situations, is an actual scientific task that will ensure explosion buildings of the residential complex of Ukraine and Russia.
Conclusions.
The analysis of the probability of occurrence of gas explosion in the flats of Ukrainians and Russians in the period from 2006 to 2009. An assessment of key factors influencing the explosion.