Abstract
Content
- Introduction
- 1. RELEVANCE OF THE TOPIC
- 2. ANALYSIS OF EXCITING MOULD PRESSES
- 2.1 Power-operated press
- 2.2 Hydraulically operated press
- 2.3 Air-operated press
- 3. BULK MIXTURE PROPERTIES
- 4. DESCRIPTION OF HYDRAULIC OIL PUMP STATION OF PRESS
- References
Introduction
Resource conservation nowadays is one of the priority tasks in Russia’s and the world economy. This derives primarily from the lack of resources, rising cost for their extracting (preparation), and serious environmental problems. Because of economic resources limitation best results of productive activity of any enterprise depend on effectiveness of their use.
Priority tasks for chemical-engineering specialists are to reduce energy intensity, energy consumption of industrial vehicles and other facilities increasing or sustaining their productive capacities.
1. RELEVANCE OF THE TOPIC
The technologies based on use of the dry modified mixes which for the short period of time have taken the leading positions in such processes as briquetting, nodulization, facing and finishing works are widely disseminated nowadays.
Under increasing consumption and production of dry modified building mixes and growth of the competition, improving production efficiency at minimum capital investments becomes increasingly relevant.
2. ANALYSIS OF EXCITING MOULD PRESSES
2.1 Power-operated press
Power press is used for the cutting of metals and other materials. The equipment allows performing operations of punching, pressing, malleating etc. Machines made it possible to press waste, change a shape of details, cut out elements of the set form.
Advantages of all types of mechanical press are: waste reduction in plants and other enterprises, easy garbage storage, reduced costs of transport, an opportunity to profit by supplement of bricketed waste[1].
2.2 Hydraulically operated press
In hydraulically operated press force value is independent of its stroke. Moreover hydraulic line is not rigidly linked to the press. It is very common in industry to use hydraulic presses for such types of works like sheet-metal stamping, die forging, briquetting, granulation[2].
2.3 Air-operated press
Air-powered drive, like a hydraulic one, is a kind of a “pneumatic element” between drive motor and load (of machine or mechanism) which perform the same functions as mechanical gearing (speed up gear etc.). The essential elements of an air-powered drive are compressor and pneumatic actuator[3].
3. BULK MIXTURE PROPERTIES
Pressing process is influenced by compression properties of bulks.
For materials with little or no cohesion, the angle of internal friction is equal to an angle of repose:γ=α.
Figure 1 — Angle detection of a friction slope.
For powdery materials with strong cohesion the generator of the surfaces is curved, and the mean angle of a friction slope is more than the angle of internal friction. It depends on equal friction method.
Slumping – is a property of granular materials during continuous storage or under vibration to lose the mobility of particles. The more material moisture content and the more bed depth it has the higher slump becomes.
Abrasiveness – is a property of granular materials to abrade interfacing surfaces of transport devices in their motion with respect to one another[4].
4. DESCRIPTION OF HYDRAULIC OIL PUMP STATION OF PRESS
Figure 2 shows hydraulic arrangements of power stroke of a hydraulic cylinder piston.
Figure 2 — Expansion stroke scheme
Animation: 6 frames, 10 cycles of repeating, 29,9 kilobytes
The pump gives high-pressure fluid from the oil pan via the filter by means of the distribution device through a four-direction spigot to the upper cylinder cavity. Therefore, a piston with a rod becomes operational. From the bottom of the cylinder liquid discharge into the oil pan via the distribution device. There is a tap, which regulates supply of liquid, and a security valve in the system.
When switching a tap, drive turns into idling speed.
During the work of hydraulic cylinder at idling speed, the pump drain liquid to the lower part of the cylinder via the distributing device, and from the top cavity liquid goes back to the oil pan.
Comment
When writing this abstract master's work is not yet complete. Final completion: June 2018. The full text of work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the author or his supervisor after that date.
References
- Пресс механический. Виды и особенности работы[Электронный ресурс]. — Режим доступа: http://specural.com/articles/15/press-mehanicheskiy-vidy-i-osobennosti-raboty.html
- Экснер Р.И. и др. Гидропривод. Основы и компоненты. Перевод с немецкого Бош Рексрот АГ: Эрбах, Германия, 2003. — 322 с.
- Башта Т.М. Гидропривод и гидропневмоавтоматика. — Москва: Машиностроение, 1972. — С. 320.
- Влияние характеристик и физико-механических свойств сыпучих материалов на их дозирование[Электронный ресурс]. — Режим доступа: http://redcross.pp.ua/xarakteristiki-i-fiziko-mexanicheskie-svojstva-sypuchix-materialov/