Environmental Safety
The problem of environmental pollution environment every year acquires global scale.
Emissions of sulfur dioxide in the world are 100-150 million tons / year. Atmospheric pollution by sulfur oxides raises the level of morbidity. Sulfur dioxide, getting into the atmosphere, causes the precipitation of acid rains & raquo; .
Sulfur-containing gases are a large potential source of raw materials for production elemental sulfur.
Prevention pollution of the atmosphere with sulfur dioxide is necessary from the point of view of environmental protection and in terms of obtaining a powerful source of sulfur-containing products. .
A promising way environmental protection from sulfur dioxide is the purification of waste industrial gases. [1].
At present, there are many methods for purifying gases from sulfur dioxide. There are no methods without flaws, and there is no ideal production. The ideal option would be to manufacture with the processing of waste and their consumption as a secondary raw material. And the creation of territorial industrial complexes with a closed structure of material flows of raw materials. Therefore, the development and implementation of fundamentally new technological processes of purification is now the main direction of technical progress. The search for new sorbents is very relevant.
The aim of the study is to develop an adsorbent based on carbonates and oxides for cleaning flue gases from sulfur dioxide.
To achieve this goal, it is
necessary to solve the following tasks:
1.To study the methods for purification of waste gases from sulfur
dioxide.
2. Develop an adsorbent with effective sorption properties.
3. To estimate ecological, economic and social effects from
introduction of the received adsorbent.
Based on practical studies, a conclusion will be made about the effectiveness of the resulting adsorbent.
Technogenic sources of sulfur oxides entering the atmosphere are fuel energy (55%), metallurgy (25%), refining and processing of oil and coal (10%), chemical industry, transport and other human economic activities (10%).
Pollution of the atmosphere
with sulfur oxides occurs when fuel is burned (oil, coal, natural gas,
wood). In the composition of fuel sulfur is not the main component. The
amount of sulfur-containing compounds in oil and coal can vary from a
fraction to 5-6%. The fuel combustion product is sulphurous anhydrite.
An important source of sulfur dioxide is the metallurgical industry.
The planetary technogenic
supply of sulfur dioxide to the atmosphere is 140 - 290 million tons
per year.
In Europe, its main sources are the industrial complexes of Germany and
the United Kingdom [3].
Anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen and sulfur oxides exceed natural
emissions.
Technogenic emissions of sulfur dioxide affect not only the environment with highly developed industry, but also to neighboring countries through transboundary transport.
Background levels of sulfur dioxide content in the atmosphere are 5-10 μg / m3. The MPC of a single intake of SO2 in air is 500 μg / m3, the daily average level of MPC is 50 μg / m3. Only at an altitude of 3 to 4 km in the atmosphere is the level of sulfur dioxide anhydride leveled. In all major cities, due to local sources of pollution, this level of SO2 in the atmosphere is exceeded.
Animation 1 – Emission of exhaust gases into the atmospheric air
Analyzing the above material, it can be concluded that, at the moment, a promising direction is to obtain sorbents from various materials that can replace existing ones, so that it would simultaneously solve the environmental and economic problem and expand the list of sorbents suitable for use in various fields.