Українська   Русский
DonNTU   Masters' portal

Abstract

Content

Introduction

Belt conveyors are capable of carrying out continuous transportation of goods over long distances, which, for technological reasons, makes them indispensable in mines and mines. That is why the issues of reliable and safe operation of conveyor lines are of particular importance.

It is necessary to control the technological parameters of belt conveyors to ensure continuous and trouble-free operation of the conveyor, as well as the required performance of the conveyor, as well as stabilization of the linear load on the belt. To solve these problems, it is necessary to carry out the operational management of conveyor installations, as well as intermediate bunkers of main conveyor lines.

1. Theme urgency

The development of automation of mine conveyor lines over a long period was determined by the need to reduce the complexity of management and improve the safety of operation of conveyor transport. In this connection, automated control of the conveyor line has become widespread, the technical essence of which is to centralize the control of start-stop processes of conveyors, as well as to provide automatic protection against the development of an accident in the event of an emergency.[1]

However, the issues of automation of intermediate bunkers have not yet been resolved. The equipment for controlling the operation of intermediate bunkers has limited functionality and an outdated element base. Thus, the problem of developing an automatic control device for intermediate bunkers of conveyor lines is relevant.

2. Goal and tasks of the research

As a goal of master's work, it is possible to note an increase in the efficiency and safety of the operation of conveyor transport through the integrated automation of its work, as well as the development of an automation unit for the operation of intermediate bunkers.

3. Review of research and development

Intermediate bunker of the main conveyor line as an automation object.

Due to their qualities (significant productivity, long transportation length, ability to continuously move loads, suitability of automation and remote control, high safety of work, etc.), conveyor systems are the most effective means of moving bulk materials in mines. They are used not only for the transportation of bulk cargoes, but also for the transport of people.

The principle of the belt conveyor is to move the load on a flexible infinitely closed tape, moving on fixed supports. A flexible endless belt bends around the drive drum and the tension drum, and in the span between them rests on a number of roller bearings installed at a certain interval on the frame. The material enters the tape through the feed hopper and is discharged through the drive drum.

Modern underground conveyor lines are characterized by a considerable length and branching of transport routes, which change their parameters with time. [2] A characteristic feature of the mine conveyor lines is the high unevenness of the cargo traffic caused by the fact of maintenance of the clearing and preparatory faces. It is technological breaks in the mechanisms that cause variable cargo traffic. Uneven receipt of cargo leads to inefficient use of drive power (underload), as well as excessive wear of the traction unit and a decrease in the reliability of the arterial pressure (overload).[3]

General requirements for belt conveyor automation:

  • to ensure the start of the belt conveyor;
  • to ensure control of the following technical parameters: belt speed, belt runoff, emergency stop;
  • to ensure that the belt conveyor is operational and emergency;
  • provide an alarm: a warning signal is given before turning on the belt conveyor;
  • control of the presence of slippage of the tape, overload with the transported cargo, overheating of the drive motor and current overvoltage;
  • protection of the drive motor from technological overloads;
  • protection of the pipeline from slipping;
  • protection of the conveyor against overload;
  • provide the required hourly PB settings to disable the conveyor from work.

    • Fulfillment of all requirements for automated conveyor lines ensures reliable transportation of mineral resources and safe transportation of miners.

    4. Operational requirements for an intermediate bunker automation device

    To ensure the safe operation of belt conveyors, the straightforwardness of production along the entire length of the conveyor belt and the absence of sections with a sharp change in its angle of inclination in the vertical plane are imperative.[9]

    In accordance with the requirements of the Safety Rules, conveyor belts should be equipped with: lateral descent control sensors of the KSL type, which disconnect the conveyor drive when the tape dismounts to the side of more than 10% of its width; devices for cleaning tapes and drums; brake devices; devices that catch the cargo branch of the tape when it breaks, or devices that control the integrity of cables and butt joints of rubber cables in workings with an angle of more than 10; protective equipment that ensures the disconnection of the conveyor drive when the permissible level of the transported material is exceeded at the points of overload, the belt speed is reduced to 75% nominal (slip), and the nominal belt speed is 8% higher a device for disconnecting the conveyor drive from any point along its length; means of dust suppression in places of overload; means of automatic and manual fire extinguishing.[10]

    Fire Prevention Activities

    The following set of fire prevention measures is provided:

  • reliable and continuous protection of cables, electrical equipment against leakage of current to earth, circuit, spark hazard and overheating;
  • maintenance and maintenance of equipment strictly in accordance with the passport, especially with regard to lubrication of rubbing surfaces;
  • DO NOT allow open flame on the boiler room;
  • the presence of special fire-fighting equipment, warning posters and fire-fighting pipelines.

    • In the event of a fire, special organizational and technical measures are being developed to save people:

  • a plan for the elimination of accidents with the inclusion in the operational part of its most likely cases with a set of measures to save people and eliminate the consequences of accidents;
  • timely briefing and familiarization of staff with their actions in the event of an accident;
  • constant maintenance and monitoring of the state of emergency exits in the boiler room;
  • providing all workers with the means of individual wholesale protection, including self-rescuers;
  • for all persons entering the work, instructed, with their familiarization with the existing fire extinguishing agents and the rules of their use.

    • Conclusion

    In the master's thesis, criteria were developed for controlling the operation of conveyor transport using an intermediate bunker by which its optimal performance is achieved. By adopting these control criteria as a basis, an automation device for intermediate bunkers of the main conveyor line was developed that satisfies the requirements stated for it. That is, the automation device allows you to adjust the work of the main conveyor line in accordance with the task of optimal functioning of the conveyor transport.

    As a result of this work, a device for automating intermediate bunkers of the main conveyor line was developed, which is used as part of the automated control system for the branched SAUKL conveyor lines.

    This master's work is not completed yet. Final completion: June 2019. The full text of the work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the author or his head after this date.

    References

    1. Стадник, Н.И. Справочник по автоматизации шахтного конвейерного транспорта / Н.И. Стадник, В.Г. Ильюшенко, С.И. Егоров и др. – Киев: Техника, 1992. – 436 с.
    2. Батицкий, И. А. Автоматизация производственных процессов и АСУ ТП в горной промышленности/ И. А. Батицкий, В. И. Куроедов, А. А. Рыжков. – Москва: Недра, 1991. – 303 с.
    3. Мелькумов, Л.Г. Автоматизация технологических процессов угольных шахт /Л.Г.Мелькумов, Н.Я. Лазукин, Б.Х. Богопольский, Р.Л. Розенберг. – Москва: Недра,1973. -352 с.
    4. Малиновский, А.К. Автоматизированный электропривод машин и установок шахт и рудников/ А.К. Малиновский – Москва, Недра, 1987.-280 с.
    5. Бедняк, Г.И. Автоматизация производства на угольных шахтах / Г.И. Бедняк, В.А., Ульшин, В.П. Довженко и др. - Киев: Техника, 1989. – 272 с.
    6. Толпежников, Л.И. Автоматическое управление процессами шахт и рудников/ Л.И. Толпежников– Москва: Недра, 1985. –352 с.
    7. Датчики компании KLASCHKA
    8. Овсянников, Ю. А. Автоматизация подземного оборудования: справ. рабочего / Ю. А. Овсянников, А. А. Кораблев, А. А. Топорков. - Москва: Недра, 1990. - 287с.
    9. НПАОП 10.0-1.01-10. Правила безпеки у вугільних шахтах. Наказ Державного комітету України з промислової безпеки, охорони праці та гірничого нагляду №62 від 23.03.2010. – 150с.
    10. Каминский, М. Л. Монтаж приборов и систем автоматизации / М. Л. Каминский, В. М. Каминский .– Москва : Высшая школа, 1997 . – 304 с.
    11. НПАОП 10.0-5.18-04. Инструкция по противопожарной защите угольных шахт