Abstract

Subject

Introduction

The central task of modern society is to achieve a new, qualitative level of education. The enhancement of knowledge, the transition to new technologies that are developing with rapid speed in all spheres of life, lead to a conscious understanding that not only what needs to be learned should be reconsidered, but also how to better organize the learning process in the modern world. A world that is changing every day requires parallel changes in education.

It is impossible to fully appreciate the potential provided by modern technology for education today.

1. Relevance of the topic

For many people, the computer network the Internet has now become a means of quickly obtaining a wide variety of information. In the Russian segment of the Internet, a significant number of portals and sites have already accumulated, which, by purely formal reasons, can be considered as educational.

Most of them are business cards of educational institutions.

It is impossible to fully appreciate the potential provided by modern technology for education today.

A necessary condition for the development of personality is informational support for students and teachers, the availability of free access to the necessary educational, scientific, cultural resources and other information [1].

In the literature devoted to educational sites, there is a constant question about the criteria and methodology that should be used in their analysis and evaluation. To formulate clear and reasonable recommendations on this subject is quite problematic. The complexity of the situation is primarily due to the fact that in order to use even the simplest quantitative statistical estimates, it is necessary to standardize the presentation forms of the most important resources and sections on the websites, but there are still no corresponding recommendations on this issue. This is primarily true of the information component of the sites.

2. The purpose and objectives of the study, the planned results

The aim of the study is to design and implement an optimal information and educational resource architecture designed for information support of scientific and educational activities of the graduating department of Software Engineering (PI) of Donetsk National Technical University in the field of software engineering of intelligent software systems (IPS). Thanks to the site being created, it will be possible to promptly provide information to interested parties about the scientific and educational activities of the department in terms of developing intelligent software systems. Now such sites are called thematic (educational) Internet resources.

Creating a thematic site will solve the following tasks:

  1. The integration of information resources related to such an important area of knowledge, as the development of intelligent software systems at the department of UI, into a single (compact) information space.
  2. Support of the logical integrity of the system of semantic descriptions of information resources, summarized in a single information space, on topics of relevance to software engineering.
  3. Providing site developers with the possibility of open content access (change, update) to the structured information resources of the site.
  4. Promptly informing specialists in the programming of intelligent systems about the results of the department of artificial intelligence in the field of artificial intelligence and forming a circle of like-minded professionals on the basis of mutual interest around this topic.
  5. Development of recommendations for improving the existing site based on the inclusion of multimedia components in its content, illustrating the capabilities of the developed intelligent systems. For this, the paper considers an example of developing a multi-agent system for modeling the employment process of university graduates as an intellectual software system, with the aim of identifying the main features of the system for composing a poster for this development for inclusion in the department website [2].

As part of the master's work, it is planned to obtain relevant scientific results in the following areas:

  1. Development of information and educational website Intelligent Software Systems Engineering.
  2. Development of an intelligent multi-agent forecasting system for the employment of graduates of the department, contributing to the improvement of the department's information and educational website.
  3. Development of modern recommendations on the methodology for assessing the quality of information and educational sites.

3. Review of research and development

At the global level, there are various implementations of similar information and educational resources. Informational and educational resources are a combination of technical, software, telecommunication and methodological means that make the best use of new information technologies in the field of education and introduce them into all types and forms of educational activities [3]. This is a kind of structure consisting of interconnected computer networks, a set of technical and software tools that provide free access to any sources of remote information and the possibility of sharing it.

3.1 Overview of international sources

There are several types of educational sites: sites of higher educational institutions, research, reference, distance education, sites for disseminating cultural and educational information, sites such as virtual methodical associations, advisory and educational portal [4].

Among the most interesting are the following representatives:

1. The Universarium is a distance learning project, a free resource, which now presents many courses in a variety of disciplines from the exact, humanitarian and social sciences.

2. Microsoft Virtual Academy — an educational resource where you can get free training with the company's products and get acquainted with application development, virtualization, desktop PC and device management, C #, XAML and other courses.

3. INTUIT provides a huge variety of free courses on products and disciplines related to information technology.

4. Coursera — one of the most famous resources, which presents educational materials on a huge number of disciplines and programs from leading universities in the world. Training is carried out by watching video lectures and passing quizzes.

5. Free materials of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology — a huge selection of text and video materials for self-study.

6. Free courses at Stanford University provide a large number of free lectures posted at various venues [5].

Since the work considers a method of increasing the information and educational level of the site through the use of an intelligent multi-agent system for predicting the employment of graduates of the department, one cannot but consider the development of this area.

The use of an agent-based model for social systems began with the work of programmer Creg Reynolds, in which he attempted to simulate the activity of living biological agents (the Artificial Life model) [6]. Many organizations deal with the study of multi-agent systems [7].

3.2 Review of national and local sources

Russian scientists are also actively engaged in research and development of multi-agent systems. One of the most prominent representatives in this sphere is Krizhanovsky A.A. [8] and Skobelev P.O. [9].

In Donetsk National Technical University, my research advisor Fedyaev Oleg Ivanovich is widely involved in studying multi-agent systems that are used in this work to improve the information and educational level of the site being developed:

1. Lyamin R.V. Multi-agent system of teaching students at the department level [10].

2. Grabchuk O.P. Agent-based modeling of training and employment of young professionals [11].

3. Eliferov V.V. Multi-agent simulation model for predicting the results of training and employment of specialists [12].

4. Medgaus S.V. The architecture and functioning of software agents in a simulation model of employment of graduates of a multi-agent type university [13].

4. Architecture of an information and educational website

The process of developing a software application (web site) is governed by the life cycle (LC) of this product. When creating an informational and educational portal, designing a web resource is of great importance. Actually, the design process can be divided into three main sections: conceptual design, logical and physical design. At the conceptual design stage, the main idea of ??the future resource is set, which will determine the subsequent content of the information and training resource. This stage is based on an analysis of the needs of potential users, analysis, collection and documentation of the main requirements are carried out and methods for their further implementation are determined.

An excellent model for performing object-oriented domain analysis is the use case diagram (use case diagram). This diagram is one of the models for formalizing the process of setting goals and objectives of the project. It was proposed by Rational and entered the UML standard. The use case diagram for the designed site (see fig. 1).

10 кадров

Figure 1 - The UML case use case diagram for the information and educational site of the Department of PI
(animation: 10 frames, the number of repetitions is unlimited, 28 kilobytes)

At the stage of logical design a future work scenario is created, a description of possible pages of the site, its structure, links between pages, and the use of multimedia are made. The structure of the informational educational portal usually includes: news feeds and newsletters; electronic textbooks and libraries; advanced multi-level navigation and search tools; educational resource catalogs; teaching aids; virtual learning environments; computer demonstrations; universal learning environments; databases and archives; reference department for information retrieval, educational games; means of distance and open learning [14].

The structure of the portal, based on the principle of modularity (see. fig. 2). The model consists of three main components:

The functional scheme of the site

Figure 2 - The functional scheme of the site

The last stage is the stage of physical design. At this stage, the technologies that will be used on the site are determined and the software is selected that will help implement these technologies.

The designed site has a traditional three-tier architecture for information systems (see fig. 3 [15]), which includes the level of the user interface, the level of request processing and the level of storage and access to information (basic level).

Architecture of a thematic Internet resource

Figure 3 - Architecture of a thematic Internet resource

5. Presentation structure of the developed intellectual system for the department website

The presentation structure of the developed intellectual system, which should improve the illustrative component of the department site, should include the following parts: the relevance of the development, the tasks to be solved, methods for their solution, the architecture of the software system, and a simulation model illustrating the dynamics of the intellectual process of problem solving. Consider this on the example of modeling the system of employment of university graduates. The issue of employment is more relevant than ever for a future graduate of a higher educational institution. This is due to the fact that the choice of workplace can have a significant impact on the success of building a future career.

It is the interest of a person in his future that motivates the development of such a direction as forecasting.

Prediction of employment of the graduate of the department has the following objectives:

Problems of this type are difficult to formalize and therefore cannot be solved by traditional mathematical methods. In addition, the participants in the process under consideration are geographically distant from each other, heterogeneous in structure, and their activities are intellectual in nature. These features determine the feasibility of applying the theory of intelligent agents to the development of a simulation model for analyzing and managing training processes and their employment.

Agent-oriented models are priority for modeling socio-economic processes, because allow for greater adequacy of the modeling system.

Agent-oriented analysis of the process of training and employment of young professionals has shown that its subjects are interconnected, form a distributed, heterogeneous and intelligent system [16]. Therefore, the development of a simulation model of such a system can be successfully performed based on the methods of agent-based modeling (see fig. 4).

Scheme of a multi-agent system for modeling employment of specialists

Figure 4 - Scheme of a multi-agent system for modeling employment of specialists

Multi-agent technology is considered to be one of the most important and promising areas of information technology development. The developed software system for simulating the passage of students interviews will take into account the existing knowledge of the real student (obtained through the transfer of their agent), as well as take into account the test tasks of the employer with the possibility of their rapid replacement by others. Moreover, the system will be trainable, and the forecast of employment will be more accurate each time.

5.1 Example of building content about the presentation of a multi-agent system of student employment

A young specialist, when looking for a job, is interviewed at the firm and (or) performs test tasks, the results of which are for the applicant to accept or not for an existing vacancy. At the same time, the graduate may refuse the proposed position if he is not satisfied with the working conditions proposed by the firm, and continue the search.

During the interview, the company gives the graduate a questionnaire in which he enters information about himself and performs test tasks, after which the company evaluates the questionnaire and the answers of the applicant. At the same time, a graduate receives information about the requirements for applicants, working conditions and forms a subjective assessment of the attractiveness of the company. After the completion of these processes, the firm and the graduate must accept a general agreement on the conclusion or non-conclusion of an employment contract [16].

Such a model is built on the basis of two types of artificial (software) agents: the agent of the company and the agent of the graduate. The interaction of agents begins with the fact that the agent of the company sends the conditions of assignments to all graduate agents. Agents of graduates solve the received tasks and return their decisions (response) to the company that sent them the task. Further, if the agent of the firm decided that a certain graduate agent meets the requirements of the firm, then sends him a message inviting him to take part in a competition for an existing vacancy on the proposed working conditions. If this graduate agent wins the competition with other selected agents and is satisfied with the working conditions at the firm, then the employment contract is concluded. Otherwise, the employment contract between them is not concluded and the agent continues to look for work in other firms. When building artificial agents, neural network architecture was chosen. Since we are talking about simulating the behavior of many people, the models used should be able to be trained on the data of actual personal surveys conducted by several dozen graduates and representatives of firms. Intellectual tasks that are solved by the neural network method are: the graduate's assessment of working conditions at the firm, the student deciding typical tasks for the firm's profile, the graduate's assessment of the graduate's responses to test items [17].

In order to transfer professional skills from a young specialist (source of knowledge) to an agent, we used communicative methods for extracting knowledge from real graduate students and an algorithm for setting up a neural network on a learning with teacher strategy. To extract knowledge from graduates, questionnaires were compiled for each section of software engineering (for example, Artificial Intelligence Systems, Databases, etc.), from which training sets for neural networks were formed. The questionnaire included a set of standard tasks for each of the planned sections of the curriculum of the specialty and the correct answers to them in the form of numbers of necessary knowledge and skills from the proposed list for their solution.

Findings

High-quality design and further implementation of the information and educational website and the intellectual system for predicting employment is not only theoretical and research, but also of practical interest.

The master's work is devoted to an actual scientific task of developing a modern information and educational website of the department and creating conditions for its further popularity to grow by creating a multi-agent intellectual system for predicting the employment of students of the department. In the framework of the research carried out:

  1. The architecture of the information and educational site of the department was developed.
  2. Based on the analysis of literary sources, the main algorithms and techniques that can be used in the proposed topics are highlighted.
  3. The general algorithm for the implementation of a multi-agent job forecasting system is considered.

Further research focused on the following aspects:

  1. High-quality implementation of the thematic site Intelligent Software Systems Engineering.
  2. Determination of the main methods of assessing the quality of information sites and their application to the implemented resource.
  3. Development of a multi-agent system for predicting the employment of graduates of the department and its use to improve the information level of the website of the department.

When writing this essay master's work is not yet completed. Final Completion: May 2019. Full text of the work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the author or his manager after the specified date.

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