Abstract
- Introduction
- Relevance of the topic
- The purpose and objectives of the study, the planned results
- Computer adaptive learning applications, their advantages and role in the learning process
- The choice of didactic methods and methods of presentation
- Types of adaptive learning systems
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
Introduction
The modern world is becoming increasingly dependent on computer technology. For millions of people, the computer has become a familiar attribute of everyday life, has become an indispensable assistant. Therefore, the use of computer technology in the field of education is an objective and natural process.
One example of such solutions is a training system with adaptation according to the form of presentation of data based on mind maps.
Relevance of the topic
Because the amount of information grows, new technologies appear, the education system faces a number of serious tasks related to the organisation of educational activities. The trend of information is becoming increasingly obvious: electronic textbooks are being created, distance learning is developing, and computer-based training systems are being developed. The main advantage of the use of information technologies in the educational process is the individualise of training and the effective adaptability of the presentation of educational material [1]..
The purpose and objectives of the study, the planned results
Objective: to develop a computer-based training system with increased adaptation in the form of presentation of material based on mental maps, which is able to adjust the level of the presented educational material to the individual abilities and capabilities of the student.
Tasks:
- Review of educational systems with the presentation of material based on mental maps.
- The choice of the target audience.
- Definition of adaptation criteria.
- Review and selection of didactic methods and methods of presentation of the material.
- Development of a training system with increased adaptation of the presentation of the material based on mental maps.
This work is aimed at studying computer-based learning systems that provide students with the opportunity to independently manage the course of the educational process and have a positive effect on motivation, which contributes to better learning.
The result of the work is a system of this kind, which will have the possibility of adaptive presentation of the material, and the information will be presented on the basis of mental maps.
Computer adaptive learning applications, their advantages and role in the learning process
A remarkable Donetsk pedagogue V. Shatalov noted that for successful learning in a class, it is necessary to
create an atmosphere in which it is impossible not to learn
[9].Such an atmosphere can be introduced into the
educational process only by a high-quality learning computer adaptive application.
The student becomes the main subject of the educational process. And his main goals are not only knowledge, but also information [10].
Advantages of ALS over traditional ones [11]:
- learning goes faster and is remembered better if the student shows interest in the subject;
- training can be more effective if the knowledge and skills are such that they can easily be applied to the
conditions of
real life
, which is what they are intended for; - earning goes faster if the learner finds out the result of each answer;
- training is better if the program on the subject is built on the principle of consistent presentation of the material;
- knowledge of the results of their work stimulates the implementation of the next task;
- the learning process should be organised in such a way that each student can learn the program.
The choice of didactic methods and methods of presentation
Mind maps are a modern way of organising information of any size and any structural complexity, which is important when developing and using training computer systems [12].
Advantages of mind maps:
- Visibility The whole problem can be examined immediately and completely.
- Attractiveness and aesthetics.
- Memorability. Thanks to the work of both hemispheres of the brain, the use of images and colors, the intellect card is easily remembered.
- Timeliness. Intellect card helps to identify the lack of information and understand what information is missing
- Creation. Intellect card stimulates creativity, helps to find non-standard solutions to the problem.
- The possibility of revision. Revision of the mind maps after some time helps to assimilate the whole picture, to remember it.
The training material in the developed ALS is presented in the form of mind maps, which allows the learner to easily navigate the content of the material and easily remember the information (see Fig. 1).
Figure 1 – An example of a mental map
Gamification of computer tutoring systems is the introduction of gaming techniques into the learning process. Since the leader of modern educational strategies in training systems is gamification, it is advisable to combine it with mind maps when developing a computer learning system [13].
In addition, changes and complication of goals are applied as users acquire new skills and competencies, which ensures the development of operational results while maintaining user involvement.
Types of adaptive learning systems
Adaptation mechanisms are an important topic of recent e-learning research. Analysis of existing solutions allows us to identify eight types of adaptation implemented in training systems [14].
Interface-oriented adaptation (adaptive navigation), which leads to changes in the properties of elements and layout options of the screen interface.
Learning-oriented adaptation in which the learning process dynamically adapts to the sequence of course content. The learning path is dynamic and personalized both for each student and for each course as a whole, so that the student can follow different training options depending on the course, etc.
Content-oriented adaptation that leads to a dynamic change in content. For example, course information is subdivided into three levels of detail, and the corresponding level is displayed depending on the values of certain factors.
Interactive problem solving support that helps the student in the next step to get the right solution to the problem. Management can be carried out both in real time and offline, or according to pre-established rules. Flexible filtering of information that provides only the information that the student should see.
Flexible grouping, which allows you to create groups of students and organize support for interaction in the implementation of specific tasks.
Flexible assessment, in which models of assessment, real content and testing may vary depending on the success of the student and the recommendations of the teacher.
Developed an adaptive learning system should ensure maximum productivity of the presentation of the material, taking into account the individual abilities of students. ALS can be represented in the form of the following hierarchical structure (see Figure 2).
Figure 2 – ALS structural diagram
(animation: 7 frames, 7 cycles of repeating, 18 KB)
We are planning to create an adaptive computer-based training system using modern technologies, which will allow the implementation of operational control of the quality of education. The use of an adaptive computer-based learning system and the structuring of educational material using mind maps will increase the effectiveness of training.
Conclusion
As a result of the research work, materials were collected and studied on issues related to the topic of master's work. The advantages of computer adaptive learning systems and their role in the educational process were analyzed. Next were chosen didactic methods and methods of presentation of the material, which will increase the effectiveness of training. Also analyzed are the types of adaptation implemented in training systems. The majority of these properties will be developed by a computer-aided training system with increased adaptation in the form of presentation of material based on mind maps.
Bibliography
- Давыденко Д.П., Губенко Н.Е. Обучающая система с адаптацией по форме изложения материала на основе ментальных карт // Программная инженерия: методы и технологии разработки информационно вычислительных систем (ПИИВС–2018), ноябрь 2018 // Режим доступа: http://pi.conf.donntu.ru
- Супермышление – это просто! [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://www.management.com.ua/interview/int148.html
- Адаптивное обучение, или несколько слов о Knewton [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://habr.com/company/newprolab/blog/244539/
- Степаненко Т.А., Ильина Е.А. Адаптивная система обучения студентов на базе LMS MOODLE. Статья // – Режим доступа: http://elar.urfu.ru/bitstream/10995/38687/1/tim_2013_77.pdf
- Лузанова Ю.В. Разработка обучающей системы по курсу
СПО специализированных компьютеров
– Режим доступа: http://masters.donntu.ru/2011/fknt/luzanova/index.htm - Смирнов В.А. Разработка архитектуры адаптивной системы дистанционного обучения – Режим доступа: http://masters.donntu.ru/2011/fknt/smirnov/diss/index.htm
- Черниченко Е.А. Разработка и исследование автоматной модели обучения на основе анализа компетенций того, кто обучается – Режим доступа: http://masters.donntu.ru/2013/fknt/chernichenko/index.htm
- Булюк К.А. Разработка модели адаптивного структурирования информационных ресурсов интеллектуальной обучающей системы на основе цветных сетей Петри – Режим доступа: http://masters.donntu.ru/2014/fknt/bulyuk/index.htm
- Шаталов В.Ф. Педагогическая проза. М.: Педагогика, 1980.// Режим доступа: https://nsportal.ru
- Ракова О.А. Компьютерная адаптивная обучающая система для диагностики обученности студентов // Молодой ученый. – 2010. – №8. Т. 1. – С. 169-175. – Режим доступа: https://moluch.ru/archive/19/1878/
- ИТ в образовании. Технология дистанционного обучения [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://referatwork.ru/IT_lections/section-20.html
- Что такое Ментальные карты и для чего они? // Статья. Режим доступа: http://mind-manager.ru/article/what_is_mindmaps
- Применение ментальных карт и геймификации при разработке компьютерных обучающих систем. // Д.П. Давыденко, Н.Е. Губенко // Источник: Программная инженерия: методы и технологии разработки информационно-вычислительных систем (ПИИВС–2016): сборник научных трудов I научно-практической конференции (студенческая секция). 16–17 ноября 2016 г. – Донецк, ГОУ ВПО Донецкий национальный технический университет, 2016. – с. 257–261. // URL: http://pi.conf.donntu.ru/
- Любченко В.В., Нестеренко А.В Адаптивность и ее составляющие в обучающих системах [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://www.iai.kpi.ua/_archive/2007/Документ31.pdf