Abstract
Contents
- Introduction
- 1 PROBLEM STATEMENT
- 2 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
- 2.1 Software
- 2.1.1 Windows XP Operating System
- 2.1.2 InterBase Server
- 2.2 Select a programming language
- Conclusions
- List of sources
Introduction
In connection with the development of market relations in the Donetsk People's Republic and the need to reduce the technological gap, the effective use of new information technologies becomes urgent. Information business, being an integral part of business, gives a general acceleration to the development of the economy.
There are several factors that affect the economics of enterprises associated with the operation of computing equipment and software. The first is related to dynamic changes in the environment of users of products and services. In the new environment, users are economical in their means, they are rationally trying to use the services of computer centers.
The second is the massive use of personal computers, which have significantly changed the structure of the computer park and software. The third is a change in the form of ownership of enterprises, thereby changing the situation on the information market. The fourth is the emerging and developing market for software products and services.
As a result of the influence of these factors, as a consequence, the ubiquity of personal computers, and the computer components and accessories accompanying them (modems, printers, scanners, etc.), as well as software products serving this technique or solving other production and economic problems (Windows OS , 1C programs, Adobe Photoshop, etc.).
Proceeding from the modern requirements for the quality of work of the dispatching personnel, it is necessary to note that its effective work entirely depends on the level of equipment of the control room with electronic equipment, such as computers, software, communication facilities, copiers.
In this series, a special place is occupied by databases and other software related to their use as a tool for streamlining dispatcher labor.
Their use allows you to reduce the time required for the preparation of specific tasks, to reduce overhead during their implementation, to eliminate the possibility of errors in the processing of orders, reporting and other types of documentation, which gives the company a direct economic effect.
Of course, to uncover all the potential opportunities that the use of databases entails, it is necessary to use in the work a set of software and hardware as appropriate as possible.
Therefore, at present, small enterprises have a great need for computer programs that support and coordinate the work of the company's management, as well as information about ways to make optimal use of the computer equipment available to the company.
1 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The aim of the work is to automate the taxi dispatching service, by introducing software that processes received orders, keeping statistics and generating reports, as well as installing a multi-channel audio recording system for recording telephone conversations on a hard disk.
With an objective analysis of the taxi dispatching service, it can be concluded that today this structure needs serious improvement.
This is evidenced by the fact that the lack of coordinated management, the necessary material such as a computer and the automation of some elementary but labor-intensive operations leads to a sharp decrease in the efficiency of the organization.
All methods of order processing, information storage and reporting documentation formation have long been outdated, and the lack of objective control of all telephone conversations, as well as a modern system for controlling the location of machines in the city, has led to a dramatic decrease in management efficiency.
This allows us to conclude that the activities of the taxi control service need a qualitative improvement and change in the technological and information environment. For example, equipping the control room with office equipment, organizing a local computer network, as well as developing and implementing a database-based information system will lead to a significant improvement in the management system without additional staff.
And the introduction of a digital system of multi-channel audio registration will allow you to organize the recording, storage, monitoring and analysis of all telephone and radio talks at the control center.
The introduction of automation system for taxi control service will significantly increase the productivity of duty shift, which will lead to an increase in the number of orders served and an increase in the efficiency of the dispatch service as a whole, without involving additional dispatch personnel
The main factors for improvement are:
- time saving;
- storage of large volumes of information;
- fast preparation of reporting documentation for any period of time.
Installing a system of multi-channel audio registration will allow you to record all telephone conversations, as well as negotiations of the dispatcher and drivers on the hard disk of one of the network computers. This in turn opens up great opportunities for the administrator in analyzing the process of receiving and processing orders, as well as eliminating the possibility of fraud.
The model on which the modeled system will function is briefly characterized as follows:
- taxi orders are received by phone, the order description includes the customer’s phone number, arrival time (filled in automatically), the car’s delivery address, the final area, and an optional comment regarding additional order parameters;
- when receiving an order, you can specify the time during which the customer is ready to wait, and whether the order is preliminary: such an order is placed in a separate list, which is monitored by the system and notifies the dispatcher in advance about the availability of a preliminary order;
- after selecting the driver and type of completion, the order is considered completed and placed in the list of completed orders, the order may be completed successfully, or it may not be executed for various reasons
(no free cars, customer’s refusal, the customer did not show up at the place of arrival of the car, etc.).
The reason for non-fulfillment of the order should be indicated for further analysis:
- orders are added and completed by operators. Operators are combined in accordance with the number of the shift in which they work, there can be up to 2 shifts per day;
- an order can be added by one operator (shift) and completed by another, the operator’s salary may depend on the number of orders accepted and completed;
- the dispatcher coordinates the work of the drivers: starts and completes their shifts, sends them orders for execution, completes orders, and communicates with the drivers by radio;
- the driver takes the place of a shift on one of the cars to which he is tied or, as an exception, on the other;
- The replacement driver may be at one of the stops, and in the parking lot, drivers are ordered according to the time of arrival.
There are country orders, for each such order the driver is charged a certain number of points. Upon receipt of the suburban order, the driver with the lowest score has the advantage.
Statistical reporting provides the following types of reports:
- for the specified period (shift) the number of orders received by the operator (for all or one specified);
- for the specified period, the number of completed orders for the car (for all or one specified);
- for the specified period, the number of orders completed by the driver (for all or one specified);
- for the specified period, the distribution of drivers in shifts;
- report on orders made from a specific phone.
Users of the system have different rights, in accordance with the functions performed.
The company has 30 cars, each of which has 3 drivers. Radio stations have been installed to maintain communication with the dispatcher.
The distribution of orders is based on the location of each driver and the minimum distance between the driver and the place ordered. If there is no administrator, the dispatcher has the right to form the driver’s shift and replace the driver. Change of dispatcher, operator and drivers is carried out every 12 hours at 07.00 and respectively at 19.00. Before changing drivers, the administrator creates a new driver's shift, taking into account the availability of free drivers and informs the dispatcher of this. The operator, receiving the order, indicates the date
time, address, telephone, destination and lead time. Then the processed order is transferred to the dispatcher. The dispatcher based on the location of the drivers distributes the order.
2 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
In the local network, data is switched by switching channels and data packets. To this end, hubs are included in the hardware networking.
The hub provides connection of network devices and is responsible for switching data packets transmitted over data transmission channels from one network device to another.
It is used to integrate the information system into working groups.
Workstations are automated workstations (AWS) for employees of a firm, namely, an operator, dispatchers, and an administrator. The server concept includes a database server and a dedicated communication server.
Working groups are created from an automated workplace united by a functional basis. Depending on the complexity of the problem being solved, a separate database server can be allocated to a working group.
The information system for accounting orders Taxi Troika LLC provides for the possibility of working as part of a system of mobile and remote users.
2.1 Software
When developing an information system for accounting taxi orders, the operating system is considered to be the information and computing platform of the system. The information computing platform provides the execution environment for the program complexes for solving functional tasks of the order accounting information system.
The operating system Microsoft Windows XP has been adopted as the information and computing platform for developing the system.
2.1.1 Windows XP operating system
The Microsoft Windows XP operating system is based on NT technology and is the direct successor of the Windows 2000 system. While maintaining high levels of reliability, security and speed, the system has become easier to learn.
it has a lot of tools for individual home users.
It should be noted that to work effectively with the Windows XP operating system, a sufficiently powerful and modern computer is not required. The computer must have at least 128 megabytes of memory installed.
The processor can be used any, but not too old. If the processor clock frequency is at least 300 megahertz, then it will do. Although it is better, of course, to use a processor with a frequency of more than one gigahertz.
The hard disk must contain not only the operating system files and temporary files, but also have enough free space.
Significantly improved system security. Now if you accidentally delete important system files, they will be automatically restored. It is possible to restore the system to an earlier state after installing new software and equipment.
Improved support for Plug & Play technology allows you to connect many modern devices to your computer.
Further development and funds to work with the Internet. The help system has been significantly reworked, the security system has been improved. Numerous changes were made to the funds.
administering and managing multiple users on a local area network.
2.1.2 InterBase Server
For the technical implementation of the above tasks, taking into account the requirements set, the Inter Base database management system was chosen [1].
InterBase is a SQL server, a DBMS that has a small system resource requirements and, at the same time, quite serious performance. It is mainly about database management up to several gigabytes.
In such situations, InterBase is perhaps the best choice from a number of other servers.
First of all, InterBase is cross-platform, that is, portability from one operating system to another. InterBase supports Linux, Windows and a significant number of Unix platforms. And makes it easy and convenient.
In fact, an application that uses InterBase will not see the difference on which platform the server is currently located [2].
Figure 1 – DBMS architecture (animation 10 frames, 5 cycles of repetitions, size 181 kb)
And if there is a need to change the platform, then it will not require reworking the database - you just need to do a backup operation on one platform and restore the copy on another.
An important feature of the InterBase server is the ability to extend the standard set of SQL functions using custom libraries - User Defined Functions, as well as mechanisms for processing BLOB fields on the server using BLOB filters.
It remains only to say that InterBase is very robust, since it was specifically designed for use in Intranet applications, mobile applications and embedded database applications [3].
Databases created using the InterBase database management system fully implement the relational data building model. The "InterBase" database is a set of groups of objects that provide the operator with data storage, such as tables, queries, forms, reports
2.2 Choose a programming language
Since the system being developed has a client-server architecture [4], Borland’s Delphi language was chosen as the client-side programming language.
This choice was made for the following reasons:
- A compiler built into Delphi provides the high performance required to build applications in a client / server architecture. Visual building applications from prototypes includes a complete set of visual tools for speedy application development.
(RAD - Rapid Application Development), supporting the development of the user interface and connection to corporate databases [5]. VCL - library of visual components, includes standard UI objects, data management objects, graphic objects, multimedia objects, dialogs and file management objects
- Delphi's versatility for working with databases is that it supports almost all formats of relational tables. Support for the SQL query language is one of the most important features of Delphi. BDE provides access to data of any format placed locally.
(Paradox, dBase, InterBase or text file formats), and through Borland SQL high-speed access mechanism - Link to data on servers (Oracle, Informix, Sybase, MS-SQL) [6]. Using the BDE, you can also connect to databases using the ODBC application programming interface (connecting to the database using the standard ODBC driver)
There is an efficient toolkit for working with data in Delphi:
- Database Database Monitor, which allows you to manipulate data in any tables, including remote servers;
- A visual environment for the direct execution of SQL commands (Visual Query Builder) [7]., which allows modeling any database queries at any time during the programming phase.
Findings
In the course of the implementation of the preparatory work, an analysis of the requirements for the software being developed was made and the problem was formulated indicating the functions to be implemented.
In addition, the software and hardware that will be used on the target platform was analyzed, and the development tools most suitable to the software used in the enterprise were highlighted.
List of sources
- Golitsyna, OL Database. Textbook / OL. Golitsyn - Moscow: Forum-infra-M, 2003. - 352 p.
- Volman, N.P. Programming in Access 2002 / N.P. Wolman - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2003. - 480 p.
- Akhayan R., Effective work with the DBMS / R. Akhayan. - Spb .: Peter, 1997. - 388 p.
- Kultin N., Delphi in problems and examples / N. Kultin - St. Petersburg: BHW-Petersburg, 2003. - 497 p.
- Chekalov A., Databases: from design to application development / A. Chekalov - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2003. - 544 p.
- Pharaonov V., Database programming in Delphi 7 / V. Pharaonov - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2004. - 658 p.
- Bobrovsky S., Delphi 5 training course / S. Bobrovsky - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2002. - 355 c.
- Hoffman V., Working with databases in Delphi, 2nd edition / V. Hoffman - Spb .: BHV-Petersburg, 2002. - 744 p.
- Kolisnichenko O., PC Hardware, 4th Edition / O. Kolisnichenko - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002. - 425 p.
- Guidelines for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects for financing / Official publication. - M .: 1994. - 367 c.
Introduction
In connection with the development of market relations in the Donetsk People's Republic and the need to reduce the technological gap, the effective use of new information technologies becomes urgent. Information business, being an integral part of business, gives a general acceleration to the development of the economy. There are several factors that affect the economics of enterprises associated with the operation of computing equipment and software. The first is related to dynamic changes in the environment of users of products and services. In the new environment, users are economical in their means, they are rationally trying to use the services of computer centers. The second is the massive use of personal computers, which have significantly changed the structure of the computer park and software. The third is a change in the form of ownership of enterprises, thereby changing the situation on the information market. The fourth is the emerging and developing market for software products and services. As a result of the influence of these factors, as a consequence, the ubiquity of personal computers, and the computer components and accessories accompanying them (modems, printers, scanners, etc.), as well as software products serving this technique or solving other production and economic problems (Windows OS , 1C programs, Adobe Photoshop, etc.). Proceeding from the modern requirements for the quality of work of the dispatching personnel, it is necessary to note that its effective work entirely depends on the level of equipment of the control room with electronic equipment, such as computers, software, communication facilities, copiers.
In this series, a special place is occupied by databases and other software related to their use as a tool for streamlining dispatcher labor. Their use allows you to reduce the time required for the preparation of specific tasks, to reduce overhead during their implementation, to eliminate the possibility of errors in the processing of orders, reporting and other types of documentation, which gives the company a direct economic effect. Of course, to uncover all the potential opportunities that the use of databases entails, it is necessary to use in the work a set of software and hardware as appropriate as possible. Therefore, at present, small enterprises have a great need for computer programs that support and coordinate the work of the company's management, as well as information about ways to make optimal use of the computer equipment available to the company.
1 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The aim of the work is to automate the taxi dispatching service, by introducing software that processes received orders, keeping statistics and generating reports, as well as installing a multi-channel audio recording system for recording telephone conversations on a hard disk. With an objective analysis of the taxi dispatching service, it can be concluded that today this structure needs serious improvement. This is evidenced by the fact that the lack of coordinated management, the necessary material such as a computer and the automation of some elementary but labor-intensive operations leads to a sharp decrease in the efficiency of the organization. All methods of order processing, information storage and reporting documentation formation have long been outdated, and the lack of objective control of all telephone conversations, as well as a modern system for controlling the location of machines in the city, has led to a dramatic decrease in management efficiency.
This allows us to conclude that the activities of the taxi control service need a qualitative improvement and change in the technological and information environment. For example, equipping the control room with office equipment, organizing a local computer network, as well as developing and implementing a database-based information system will lead to a significant improvement in the management system without additional staff. And the introduction of a digital system of multi-channel audio registration will allow you to organize the recording, storage, monitoring and analysis of all telephone and radio talks at the control center.
The introduction of automation system for taxi control service will significantly increase the productivity of duty shift, which will lead to an increase in the number of orders served and an increase in the efficiency of the dispatch service as a whole, without involving additional dispatch personnel
- time saving;
- storage of large volumes of information;
- fast preparation of reporting documentation for any period of time.
The main factors for improvement are:
Installing a system of multi-channel audio registration will allow you to record all telephone conversations, as well as negotiations of the dispatcher and drivers on the hard disk of one of the network computers. This in turn opens up great opportunities for the administrator in analyzing the process of receiving and processing orders, as well as eliminating the possibility of fraud.
- taxi orders are received by phone, the order description includes the customer’s phone number, arrival time (filled in automatically), the car’s delivery address, the final area, and an optional comment regarding additional order parameters;
- when receiving an order, you can specify the time during which the customer is ready to wait, and whether the order is preliminary: such an order is placed in a separate list, which is monitored by the system and notifies the dispatcher in advance about the availability of a preliminary order;
- after selecting the driver and type of completion, the order is considered completed and placed in the list of completed orders, the order may be completed successfully, or it may not be executed for various reasons (no free cars, customer’s refusal, the customer did not show up at the place of arrival of the car, etc.).
The model on which the modeled system will function is briefly characterized as follows:
- orders are added and completed by operators. Operators are combined in accordance with the number of the shift in which they work, there can be up to 2 shifts per day;
- an order can be added by one operator (shift) and completed by another, the operator’s salary may depend on the number of orders accepted and completed;
- the dispatcher coordinates the work of the drivers: starts and completes their shifts, sends them orders for execution, completes orders, and communicates with the drivers by radio;
- the driver takes the place of a shift on one of the cars to which he is tied or, as an exception, on the other;
- The replacement driver may be at one of the stops, and in the parking lot, drivers are ordered according to the time of arrival.
The reason for non-fulfillment of the order should be indicated for further analysis:
There are country orders, for each such order the driver is charged a certain number of points. Upon receipt of the suburban order, the driver with the lowest score has the advantage.
- Statistical reporting provides the following types of reports:
- for the specified period (shift) the number of orders received by the operator (for all or one specified);
- for the specified period, the number of completed orders for the car (for all or one specified);
- for the specified period, the number of orders completed by the driver (for all or one specified);
- for the specified period, the distribution of drivers in shifts;
- report on orders made from a specific phone.
Users of the system have different rights, in accordance with the functions performed. The company has 30 cars, each of which has 3 drivers. Radio stations have been installed to maintain communication with the dispatcher.
The distribution of orders is based on the location of each driver and the minimum distance between the driver and the place ordered. If there is no administrator, the dispatcher has the right to form the driver’s shift and replace the driver. Change of dispatcher, operator and drivers is carried out every 12 hours at 07.00 and respectively at 19.00. Before changing drivers, the administrator creates a new driver's shift, taking into account the availability of free drivers and informs the dispatcher of this. The operator, receiving the order, indicates the date time, address, telephone, destination and lead time. Then the processed order is transferred to the dispatcher. The dispatcher based on the location of the drivers distributes the order.
2 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
In the local network, data is switched by switching channels and data packets. To this end, hubs are included in the hardware networking. The hub provides connection of network devices and is responsible for switching data packets transmitted over data transmission channels from one network device to another. It is used to integrate the information system into working groups.
Workstations are automated workstations (AWS) for employees of a firm, namely, an operator, dispatchers, and an administrator. The server concept includes a database server and a dedicated communication server. Working groups are created from an automated workplace united by a functional basis. Depending on the complexity of the problem being solved, a separate database server can be allocated to a working group. The information system for accounting orders Taxi Troika LLC provides for the possibility of working as part of a system of mobile and remote users.
2.1 Software
When developing an information system for accounting taxi orders, the operating system is considered to be the information and computing platform of the system. The information computing platform provides the execution environment for the program complexes for solving functional tasks of the order accounting information system. The operating system Microsoft Windows XP has been adopted as the information and computing platform for developing the system.
2.1.1 Windows XP operating system
The Microsoft Windows XP operating system is based on NT technology and is the direct successor of the Windows 2000 system. While maintaining high levels of reliability, security and speed, the system has become easier to learn. it has a lot of tools for individual home users.
It should be noted that to work effectively with the Windows XP operating system, a sufficiently powerful and modern computer is not required. The computer must have at least 128 megabytes of memory installed. The processor can be used any, but not too old. If the processor clock frequency is at least 300 megahertz, then it will do. Although it is better, of course, to use a processor with a frequency of more than one gigahertz. The hard disk must contain not only the operating system files and temporary files, but also have enough free space.
Significantly improved system security. Now if you accidentally delete important system files, they will be automatically restored. It is possible to restore the system to an earlier state after installing new software and equipment. Improved support for Plug & Play technology allows you to connect many modern devices to your computer.
Further development and funds to work with the Internet. The help system has been significantly reworked, the security system has been improved. Numerous changes were made to the funds. administering and managing multiple users on a local area network.
2.1.2 InterBase Server
For the technical implementation of the above tasks, taking into account the requirements set, the Inter Base database management system was chosen [1]. InterBase is a SQL server, a DBMS that has a small system resource requirements and, at the same time, quite serious performance. It is mainly about database management up to several gigabytes. In such situations, InterBase is perhaps the best choice from a number of other servers.
First of all, InterBase is cross-platform, that is, portability from one operating system to another. InterBase supports Linux, Windows and a significant number of Unix platforms. And makes it easy and convenient. In fact, an application that uses InterBase will not see the difference on which platform the server is currently located [2].
Figure 1 – DBMS architecture (animation 10 frames, 5 cycles of repetitions, size 181 kb)
And if there is a need to change the platform, then it will not require reworking the database - you just need to do a backup operation on one platform and restore the copy on another.
An important feature of the InterBase server is the ability to extend the standard set of SQL functions using custom libraries - User Defined Functions, as well as mechanisms for processing BLOB fields on the server using BLOB filters. It remains only to say that InterBase is very robust, since it was specifically designed for use in Intranet applications, mobile applications and embedded database applications [3].
Databases created using the InterBase database management system fully implement the relational data building model. The "InterBase" database is a set of groups of objects that provide the operator with data storage, such as tables, queries, forms, reports
2.2 Choose a programming language
Since the system being developed has a client-server architecture [4], Borland’s Delphi language was chosen as the client-side programming language.
This choice was made for the following reasons:
- A compiler built into Delphi provides the high performance required to build applications in a client / server architecture. Visual building applications from prototypes includes a complete set of visual tools for speedy application development. (RAD - Rapid Application Development), supporting the development of the user interface and connection to corporate databases [5]. VCL - library of visual components, includes standard UI objects, data management objects, graphic objects, multimedia objects, dialogs and file management objects
- Delphi's versatility for working with databases is that it supports almost all formats of relational tables. Support for the SQL query language is one of the most important features of Delphi. BDE provides access to data of any format placed locally. (Paradox, dBase, InterBase or text file formats), and through Borland SQL high-speed access mechanism - Link to data on servers (Oracle, Informix, Sybase, MS-SQL) [6]. Using the BDE, you can also connect to databases using the ODBC application programming interface (connecting to the database using the standard ODBC driver)
There is an efficient toolkit for working with data in Delphi:
Findings
In the course of the implementation of the preparatory work, an analysis of the requirements for the software being developed was made and the problem was formulated indicating the functions to be implemented.
In addition, the software and hardware that will be used on the target platform was analyzed, and the development tools most suitable to the software used in the enterprise were highlighted.
List of sources
- Golitsyna, OL Database. Textbook / OL. Golitsyn - Moscow: Forum-infra-M, 2003. - 352 p.
- Volman, N.P. Programming in Access 2002 / N.P. Wolman - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2003. - 480 p.
- Akhayan R., Effective work with the DBMS / R. Akhayan. - Spb .: Peter, 1997. - 388 p.
- Kultin N., Delphi in problems and examples / N. Kultin - St. Petersburg: BHW-Petersburg, 2003. - 497 p.
- Chekalov A., Databases: from design to application development / A. Chekalov - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2003. - 544 p.
- Pharaonov V., Database programming in Delphi 7 / V. Pharaonov - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2004. - 658 p.
- Bobrovsky S., Delphi 5 training course / S. Bobrovsky - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2002. - 355 c.
- Hoffman V., Working with databases in Delphi, 2nd edition / V. Hoffman - Spb .: BHV-Petersburg, 2002. - 744 p.
- Kolisnichenko O., PC Hardware, 4th Edition / O. Kolisnichenko - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002. - 425 p.
- Guidelines for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects for financing / Official publication. - M .: 1994. - 367 c.