Abstract on the topic of the final work

The contents

• Introduction
• 1. Relevance of the topic
• 2. Overview of the structure and operation of a gas turbine plant
• Conclusions
• List of sources

Introduction

In the oil and gas industry, gas turbine units (GTU) are widely used to perform various technological tasks. In the present Currently, they are used in the production of electricity together with gas and steam turbines and the joint production of heat and electricity, as well as to ensure the operation of various technological equipment of compressor and pumping stations. In some cases, to ensure the work the technological equipment of pumping and compressor stations is used by aviation, including turboshaft gas turbine engines. At the same time, associated petroleum gases can be used for the rational use of extracted resources for GTU. This allows you to simultaneously provide solutions to energy problems of technological equipment and utilization of harmful gas emissions.

1. Relevance of the topic

The master's thesis is devoted to the functional-oriented technology of mechanical engineering. This is a special technology based on a function-oriented technological process and technological system. It is based on a topologically accurate oriented implementation of the necessary set of algorithms for technological impact of tools and processing tools in the necessary nano, micro, macro zones and sections of the product that functionally correspond to the conditions of their operation in each of its individual zones. It should be noted, that the proposed new class of technologies complicates the process of manufacturing products, but in general provides a qualitatively new set properties and the measure of utility of mechanical engineering products in operation. This technology can significantly change the technical and economic indicators of production, operation of machines and technological systems, in our case, the blades of gas turbine units and gas turbine units in general. A completely new method of designing functional-oriented technological processes will be implemented.

2. Overview of the structure and operation of a gas turbine plant

GTU is a complex system consisting of many elements and subsystems combined into a common system for solving the specified tasks. technological tasks. Picture 1 shows a general view of a GTU with a free turbine. In general, the GTU consists of many different subsystems that shown in Fig. 2 with the help of a fundamentally structural scheme. Picture 2 shows the following components: 1-input guide device, 2-compressor, 3-combustion chamber, 4-compressor turbine, 5-turbine housing, 6-free (working) turbine, 7-exhaust device, 8 the output shaft. And also in Fig. 2 letters show the following: V1-input air flow to the GTU, V1-fuel supply to the combustion chamber, W-exhaust from the GTU, L – length of the GTU.

It can be noted that the compressor in the GTU is combined with the turbine. This combination is a proprietary turbocharger.

The main components of a turbocharger are a compressor and a turbine. Let's take a closer look at these components.

The compressor is designed to compress the incoming air mixture to the highest possible pressure. At the same time, the higher the air flow pressure, the greater the efficiency of the gas turbine. In modern gas turbines, the compression ratio reaches µ = 30 (30:1) and more. This provides increase in thermal efficiency of more than 40 %.

For gas turbines there are two types of compressors - centrifugal and axial. Centrifugal compressors are widely used in gas turbine engines, especially in small overall dimensions. In modern GTU centrifugal compressors create a compression ratio of µc < 10 (10:1). Centrifugal compressors have rigid construction, they are cheaper and easier to manufacture, have a simpler balancing and do not require a complex air control system. At the same time, to achieve a high degree of air compression in a centrifugal compressor, a multi-stage design is required in some cases.

Conclusions

Thus, in the presented work the analysis of features of increase of a resource of GTU of the oil and gas industry at the expense of providing turbocharger blades of functional-oriented properties. This problem is based on the development of structural and technological support finishing and strengthening treatment of compressor and turbine blades by applying FOP and ensuring equal resources of compressor blades and blades turbines. At the same time, the general provisions and principles of complex provision of functionally oriented properties of compressor blades are developed in the work and turbine blades. A block diagram of the synthesis of technological processes of compressor and turbine blades with FOP was also developed on the basis of the system approach.

The performed studies allow us to implement the structure of technological processes for compressor blades and turbine blades with functionally oriented properties in a comprehensive manner, based on the condition of ensuring equality of their resources during operation.

List of sources

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