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Animation. A variety of the nature. (392 Kb, 5 staff, 5 recurrences)
Significant parameters of a level of development of each country are maintenance and use by the industry of strategic kinds of mineral raw material - rare metals. First of all it concerns to niobij, to tantalum, tungsten, zirconium, molybdenum which in the form of concentrates, alloys or chemical compounds are used, mainly, in metallurgy - at melt of the alloyed and corrosion-proof kinds of steel, nuclear power, building ceramics, aircraft. The world tendency of development of modern technologies specifies constant growth of use of rare metals in the important industries.
To requirements of the industry to integrated approach of ores, completeness of their geological level of scrutiny completely meets deposit Mazurovskoe. It is located directly within the limits of mountain removal of a working Donetsk chimical-metal works - the potential manufacturer and the main consumer of future production. Ores of a deposit lie superficially and are already partially opened existing open-cast mine. Useful minerals are zircon, chalcolamprite.
The basic feature rare-metal minerals is constant presence at them of radioactive elements (uranium, thorium) in the form of isomorphic impurity. Therefore at warehousing waste of the enrichment formed at manufacturing rare-metal of concentrates, there is a potential danger of increase of a radioactive background of district.
The purpose of researches: to determine intensity of influence of development rare-metals deposits Mazurovskoe on an environment.
Research problems: revealing of sites with abnormal contents of elements; revealing of elements-pollutant, characteristic for rare-metals deposit; revealing of sources of receipt of substance in an environment; development of recommendations on operation dump of concentrating factories.
Results of the lead researches are reported at VI International scientific conference of post-graduate students and students « Preservation of the environment and rational use of natural resources ».
Publications: On a theme of the dissertation 2 works are published.
The section is devoted to the review of literary data on rare-metal to deposits. Danger of waste of enrichment is ore-dressing , and the opportunity of their use.
Rare-metals deposit Mazurovskoe is in the October massif in east part Priazovskaya metallogenic subprovince of the Ukrainian shield. Extent of a deposit of 3,3 km, width from 0,25 up to 1,5 km. It is characterized by a difficult geological structure.
Rare-metals minerals from breeds of a deposit Mazurovskoe are presented by several versions. The most part from them has characteristic impurity rare-earth and radioactive components. Zircons contain rare elements - Nb, Ta, Hf, and chalcolamprite- Zr and Hf. It speaks superfluous amount of these elements in formation minerals at forming rare-metals deposits.
Contents of rare elements correlate with concentration radioactive, that is reflected at definition of a natural radio-activity.
If the mining enterprise is connected with extraction of the minerals having ores with the high-altitude of uranium and thorium their ecological influence, besides the general negative influences of the mining enterprises, receives the special specificity caused radioactive nuclide.
At aeration these radioactive elements are easily liberated from breed and migrate in ground, underground and superficial waters. Especially high activity characterizes isotopes U 238 è Th 232 which contain in ores andslag-heap of deposits.
For studying distribution of potentially dangerous and ore elements in ground of the studied investigated territory by results of semiquantitative spectral analysis of the tests executed by Priazovskoj complex prospecting expedition{ have been constructed a map by means of program SURFER. As a result of their detailed analysis negative influence as the enterprises, career, and tailing dump on an environment has been revealed. Excess of background concentration of zinc and molybdenum in 3 and more times, especially in territory career and tailing dump is established. In separate points observable contents of elements exceed maximum permissible concentration more than in 3 times for such elements as chrome, lead, nickel, niobij. It is necessary to note, that the origin of these anomalies is technogenic and is connected with a work cycle of work of Donetsk chimica-metallurgical factory.
As a result of the lead researches, intensive pollution of a soil cover close career has been established. That, it is necessary to note, that in these territories it is necessary to spend the constant control of a condition of an environment, and also to develop methods of reduction of influence slag-heap on an environment. For rare-metal deposits it is necessary to spend the constant control of a natural radioactive background.
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