Faculty:
Energomechanic and automatization
Speciality:
Mineral processing
1. The introduction
Prospect of exhaustion of natural stocks of oil and gas the increase in consumption of coal also is connected with it has caused heightened interest of a scientific world to coal technologies. The especial attention is given today to studying of special processes of enrichment of coal which open new possibilities on processing of bad quality raw materials in standards non-polluting products.
For last decades fast development has got process of selective oil aggregation of coal (granulation, agglomeration, floculation). Interest to it not only experts in enrichment of minerals, but also transport workers is appreciable. Oil aggregation is considered as a perspective highly effective way of preparation of bad quality coal to coking, burning, pyrolysis, and also as multipurpose process of preparation of coal to dilution. On a share of the last by prognos estimations of World Power Council in 2050 will have about 50 % of all extracted power coal. Besides, by a number of researchers advantages of application of technics and technology of oil agglomeration in the main hydrotransport systems of power and coked coal are shown. And last years openly new direction of researches – oil granulation of coal as base process adhesive enrichments of gold and diamonds.
One of most acute problems modern enriching of coal is processing coal of thin classes with a considerable quantity of thin classes. Traditional methods of enrichment (transplanting, enrichment in heavy environments, screw separation, foamy flotation and others) do not provide necessary efficiency of division. It is caused, as a rule, by low selectivity of division of ultrathin classes by a largeness less than 50-60 microns.
Theoretical and practical workings out are executed, experimental results are received, generalisations of world experience of process of selective oil aggregation of coal undoubtedly should interest experts in coal technologies.
2. A theme urgency
The analysis of results of international coal project WOCOL and look-ahead estimations of World Power Council shows that the coal share in used organic fossil, in particular, primary power resources incessantly will grow further and will make in 2010 – 30 %, 2025 – 38 %, 2050 – 46 %. Absolute world expenses of coal only on power (60 – 70 % of all extraction) during 1990-2050 increased with 9,9 to 56 billion т. Conditional fuel. Sharp increase of consumption of coal probably only under condition of mass and universal introduction of non-polluting coal technologies, in particular, highly effective of enriching of coal. Powerful development of new ways of the main hydraulic transportation of coal, its pyrolysis, dilution which imposes new specific requirements of coal raw materials Besides, is expected.
3. Scientific value of work consists:
– In development of theoretical representations about the process mechanism pelleting coal in a water phase as a method of its enrichment and dehydration;
– The description of laws of course of hydrodynamic and physical and chemical processes of contact and interaction formative aggregates components at oil aggregation of coal, and also laws of formation of primary and secondary coal structures, their conglomerates in a turbulent stream of a liquid;
– In creation of structural factorial models and reception of static characteristics of processes of selective aggregation of coal by oils that allows to define control paths these processes, qualitative and quantitative dependences of target parametres on the entrance;
– In reception of mathematical model of process of selective aggregation of coal by oils which gives the chance to predict efficiency of enrichment of coal and carbonaceous products;
4. Practical value of work consists in the following:
– The technology of enrichment thin classes of coal is improved by oil aggregation;
– Technological schemes are developed and rational regime parametres of processes of selective aggregation of coal are found;
– Are executed grounds technology tests.
5. The review of researches on a theme in DonNTU
Process "SMAG-GT"
Throughout 1980-95 group of science officers of Donetsk state technical university and Donetsk complex branch of institute "Asripigidropipeline" (now Research-and-production association "Gajmek"), namely: V.Beletskim, T.Karlinoj, A.Elishevichem, J.Svetlym, J.Vlasovym, etc. is created a number of perspective technical decisions on application of process СМА for requirements of the main hydrotransport systems.
Process "MG-TES"
The technology of oil agglomeration of power coal is especially actual in the conditions of deficiency of fuel when on ТЕС ship not only not enriched eliminations, but also highly ash thin classes and flotation tails.
Results of executed researches DonNTU of process СМА have been used by working out of the technological scheme of pilot installation, its configuration and hardware issued in the conditions of Lugansk hydroelectric power station (in 1985).
In a basis of technology "MG-TES" has been put "amalgam" the process mechanism. It is thus considered that its consistently proceeding stages require different regime parametres and consequently should be carried out in independent devices.
6. The review of researches on a theme in Ukraine
Process "OVSUMS"
The method "OVSUMS" (authors P.Sergeev, V.Beletsky, A.Elishevich, V.Kochetov, A.Kvasov, V.Gavrilenko, etc.) represents the subsequent development of technology of selective oil aggregation and is intended for enrichment высокозольных carbonaceous products of concentrating factories - a flotation waste, shlam waters, fugat of centrifuges, etc.
7. The review of researches on a theme in the world
Spherical agglomeration (process NRCC, Canada)
In 1960-1970th years the National board on scientific researches in Canada (National Research Center of Canada), Ottawa, has developed a way of reception spherical coal-oil agglomerates – NRCC-process (Kejps, Fernando, Sjuzerlend, Paddington, etc.).
Process "Mogiflok" (Russia)
In the late seventies - in the early eighties institute of enrichment of firm fuel (the Institute of enrichment of firm fuel, IOTT, Lyubertsy) is developed a way of selective oil aggregation of coal "Mogiflok" - waterproof flokulation (M.Borts, V.Ostryj).
8. Conclusions
The basic results of master's work is:
– In a theoretical part of work the mechanism of oil agglomeration of coal is described. The attention is focused on enrichment thin material крупностью less than 50 microns.
– In an experimental part of work a number of researches from oil aggregation thin classes of coal is executed. In particular experiences on an intensification of process of aggregation of thin coal by introduction in a pulp of the centres formation of aggregates.
The literature
1. Белецкий В.С. Технологические основы раціонального использования масляной грануляции для обезвоживания и облагораживания гидравлически транспортируемых углей. – Автореф. диссерт. на соиск. учён. степ. канд. техн. наук. Днепропетровск: - 1986. – 17 с.
2. Папушин Ю.Л. Масляная агломерация высокозольного антрацитового топлива. Автореф. диссерт. на соиск. учён. степ. канд. техн.. наук. Днепропетровск. – 1987. – 16 с.
3.Білецький В.С., Сергєєв П.В., Папушин Ю.Л. Теорія і практика селективної масляної агрегації вугілля. Донецьк, 1996.
4. Сергеев П.В. Разработка и внедрение технологии обогащения высокозольных угольных шламов методом масляной селекции. Автореф. диссерт. на стиск. учён. степ. канд. техн. наук. – Днепропетровск: - 1992. – 17 с.
5. Brown N.A., Rigbi G.R., Callcott T.G. Coking behavior of coal recovery from slurry pipelines using a selective agglomeration technique. – Fuel Process Technol. – 1980, 3, №2, p. 101-104.
6. Кейпс С.Е. Новое применение технологии масляной агломерации для обогащения угля, облагораживания низкокачественного топлива и решения экологических проблем // 11-й Международный конгресс по обогащению угля. Токио. 1990. С. 1-2.
7. Справочник по обогащению углей: под редакцией Благова И.С., Коткина А.М., Зарубина Л.С. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. – М.: Недра, 1984. – 614 с.
8. Провести исследование и разработать технические решения по технологии глубокого обогащения энергетических углей: Отчёт о НИР (заключит.) Донецк. Политехн. Институт. Руков. А.Т. Елишевич. - № ГР 01860028327, Донецк, 1989. – 69 с.
9. Бутовецкий В.С. Охрана природы при обогащении углей. М.: Недра, 1991. – 231 с.
10. Елишевич А.Т. Брикетирование со связующими. – М.: Недра, 1972, 216 с.