Abstract
In connection with the growth of trade between countries has increased the intensity of the external transport of cargo by road.
Vehicle scales are increasingly being included in the information and control systems, where the results of weighing are the basis for payments between buyers and sellers, for intra-and accounting for the management of technological processes. These weight measurements often provide basic information when making control decisions. In these cases, the increased accuracy of weights may lead to wrong decisions, material losses, lead to the unauthorized redistribution of goods and money between the parties to manufacture, transport and trade.
As a result, the installation of electronic scales can be obtained from motor control of the cargo companies and organizations, it is not only beneficial to someone who is not interested in reducing production losses, and the software allows you to more effectively control all stages of weighting.
The problem of ensuring high quality products is directly related to the level of metrological support of production. This, in large measure, the problem of the ability to measure the quality of materials and components, to maintain the technological regimes, ie measure many parameters of technological processes, the measurement results are converted into control commands. Animated scheme of weight measurement process is shown on fig.1 [4-6].
Figure 1 - Animated scheme of weight measurement process
Quantity of shots - 14; the quantity of repetition cycles - infinite; size - 51кB
One of the many tasks of the metrological service of the company to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurement is performed timely calibration and metrological certification of measuring equipment.
Calibration and metrological certification of measuring devices is carried out in accordance with the regulations [1-3,7,8,10].
The contents of the existing normative documents in many ways does not correspond to modern art, does not take into account the new requirements.
The choice of standards of accuracy of measurements, the results of which are used for quality control, is dictated by tolerance values of the probabilities of marriage control. The higher accuracy of measurements, the less the likelihood of marriage and the less the economic losses associated with the control re-eligible and defective products.
Therefore, in connection with the above-said, the question of determining the accuracy of the weight of vehicles in motion plays an important role, and improving the processes of weighing and weighing - weighing in now is very important not only for our country, but for all countries in the world. Consonant with the relevance and purpose, the chosen work - description of general requirements for improving the measurement of the mass of vehicles in motion.
The objectives of the work are as follows: the study of normative and legislative documents regulating the conduct of the state metrological certification and verification of weights in road traffic.
Key issues relating to legal relations that arise during the metrological works listed in the Law of Ukraine «On metrology and metrological activities». The Act defines the legal framework to ensure unity of measurements in the Ukraine, regulates public relations in the sphere of metrological activities and aims to protect citizens and the national economy from the consequences of incorrect measurements.
The measurements carried out in the distribution of state metrological supervision, should be performed in accordance with certified methods of measurement. The results of the measurements can be used if known to the relevant characteristics of measurement errors.
State metrological certification of automobile traffic in the balance relates to metrological control.
DSTU 3215 establishes the general requirements for the organization of metrological certification of measuring devices, the procedure for its conduct and presentation of results.
Tasks of metrological certification of ITA are:
- Definition and consistency of metrological characteristics of SIT to Terms of Reference (TOR) for the development and other regulations that apply to the relevant SIT;
- Correct choice of methods and means of verification SIT given in operational documentation;
- Carrying out practical techniques for verification;
- Establishing the suitability of the use of SIT.
Decisions about the suitability for use SIT to be used in the distribution of state metrological supervision, was adopted on the basis of the results of metrological certification.
Means of measuring devices are transmitted to the metrological certification, along with the documentation, which should include [1,3,9]:
- TOR for the development of SIT or document which it replaces;
- Operational documentation;
- Technical specifications (if they develop a TK);
- The draft program and methods of metrological appraisal (PMA);
- Draft methodology for verification of SIT as a separate document or section of operational documentation.
At SIT, which are of import, operational documentation is submitted as a set of documents relevant manufacturer SIT (with translation into Ukrainian or Russian language), and operational documentation, developed on the basis of documents the manufacturer to meet the requirements
DSTU 2.601.
The draft program of metrological certification is developed and approved prior to the certification and, in general form, should contain a sequence of actions and requirements to:
- Review technical documentation;
- Pilot study of metrological characteristics;
- Results of design validation.
PMA approved organization that conducts metrological certification, and is consistent with the organization, which gives SIT to qualify.
For positive results of metrological certification is issued a certificate form, which is accountable and kept the entire period of operation of the SIT [7,8,11].
Scales of electron-type strain-gauge automotive BB-15D1.4A / D provide for the weighing of goods in the dynamics of traveling by road. In the notation of weights encrypted following data:
In - the symbol of weights
B - a way to set the weights
15 - the largest weighing - 15 t
D - type of reading device - discrete digital
1 - a visual readout
4 - remote readout
A - Automobile
D - weigh in the dynamics of
Figure 2 - Libra electronic strain-gauge type of car
BB-15D1.4A / D
The composition of the balance are: gruzopriemnoe device as a platform, electronic measuring units of secondary transmitters weighing processor tenzorezistornye sensors, junction box, manual section «Calibration».
These scales allow for a semi-automatic mode:
- Weighed on the go busy and empty vehicles;
- Recorded in a database of gross weight and net car with the formation and issuance of on-screen display or printing protocol;
- Register for uneven loading of vehicles in the longitudinal direction;
- To shape the signals the operator (weigher, the dispatcher), with violations of the process of weighing and record them (in excess of speed or understatement);
- To store and transmit information about the mass of technology users - Manager shop, business service, etc. in accordance with the needs of the customer;
- To communicate with the subsystems of ACS business;
- To perform the service (interconnect) functions: testing the system and selected subsystems, information about malfunctions in the system.
Assigning Parts of weights:
Gruzopriemnoe device is intended for posting on the same axis calculated vehicle, regardless of the type of axle (single, double or triplex). Gruzopriemnoe device is welded steel structures and is set for 2 siloizmeritelnyh sensors.
Electronic measuring device is intended to convert the sensor signals into digital values, the reader, followed by mathematical processing and display the results of weighing axle loads. Electronic-measuring unit is connected to weight sensors using a cable. To protect the cable from the influence of external mechanical and other undesirable effects is necessary to pave it in deep into the land of the pipe connecting the camera to gruzopriemnym device.
Figure 3 - Cargo receiver
Tenzorezistornye sensors fixedly and permanently attached to the platform gruzopriemnoy. The method of installing the sensors to provide access to them in the process of exploitation and production of periodic inspection and repair or something.
Operational documentation is intended to study the rules of operation scales, electronic devices and software in the weights of basic functions. In the operational documentation may include the necessary information about the accounting system and data transmission that is responsive to the TOR for an additional special software scales.
Specifications Weights:
Accuracy class weights to GOST 30414 - 2.
Reading device - discrete digital.
Impermanence unloaded weight of evidence and magnitude of the testimony should not exceed the allowable value of error according to GOST 30414.
Maximum weighing (NIP), the smallest weighing range (NmPV), discreteness of reference / dd /, the number of calibration points / ne /, the limits of allowable error according to GOST 30414.
Power consumption should be no more than 35 VA.
Weight control is executed based on IBM - compatible processor with a slots-type ICA / PCI. Weight control has developed software that allows a wide range of tasks for the weighting and the identification of various vehicles, as well as the temperature correction of the weighing results.
The software includes the following algorithms:
identification of vehicles;
measurements and data processing for weighting;
control of motion parameters;
diagnosis of extraordinary events.
Figure 4 - Weight Controller
This is determined by: the speed of passage of transport and a violation of acceptable speeds.
Literature:
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