The main types of continuous casting machine
Auteur: Grenier D. , Labrique F., Buyse H., Matagne E.
L'Université de Donetsk Nationale Technique
Sours: Electromécanique. Convertiseurs d’énergie et actionneurs . /D.Grenier , F.Labrique, H.Buyse, E. Matagne -Dunod, Paris. – 307.
For the production of cast billets used cars, built on different concepts. There is variety in the names of concepts and types of machines. Many firms have their own model car, actually has no fundamental differences from the known, assign its original name.
The most severe classification for types of CCM based on the spatial arrangement and the longitudinal form a part of the technological channel machine, where the crystallization of cast billets, ie, where the workpiece in two-phase state. On this basis, the most common schemes continuous casting machines are divided into the following four basic types: vertical, radial, curved and horizontal (Fig. 2).
Figure 2. Scheme of the main types of machines for continuous casting of steel: I - vertical; II - radial; III - curved; IV – Horizontal
In the first period of the industrial application of the method of continuous casting of steel constructed machine of vertical type. Then the main circuits of machines become radial and curvilinear.
In a variation, vertical, machines are sometimes performed with bending and straightening of a fully hardened blanks. Curved machines are built as a radial and with straight, vertically positioned mold.
The radial and curvilinear caster appeared in 1963-1965,. The development of such machines was due to the desire to increase casting speed and performance by increasing the length of the technological machines while reducing its height.
Creation of the radial and curvilinear caster was a significant milestone in the continuous casting of steel and allowed to undertake the construction of large oxygen-converter shop converter with a capacity of 300-400 tons and casting all melted steel in these workshops continuous process.
Later came a variety of curvilinear caster type - machine with direct vertically positioned mold, followed by bending and straightening of the ingot in the two-phase state.
For a long time in selecting the most rational scheme of machine, in the first place, consider the possibility of deformation of the ingot in the two-phase state. It was felt that every deformation of an ingot in a two-phase state must necessarily lead to internal defects in cast ingot.
Typical defects during deformation continuous casting billets in two-phase state are cracks perpendikulyarnye its broad faces that appear in the shell near the boundary with the liquid phase. Bending and straightening of the workpiece with a liquid core - this is the most obvious strain, which underpins the emergence of such cracks. This is the foundation of a curvilinear type machines contrasted car radial type, and even vertical. Machines radial built with larger radii in order to avoid correction of the workpiece in two-phase state.
An analysis of all factors showed that the deformation of workpiece during bending or straightening it is not decisive in the formation of internal cracks, and the observance of the bending and straightening of the workpiece in two-phase state of certain conditions of size and strain rate provides high-quality cast billets.
Thus, for a curved type continuous casting machine was open wide the way for their application. Regardless of the scheme there were some cars towards further improving equipment caster to improve the quality of cast billets, expanding brand of poured steel and increase productivity.
Литература
- Grenier D. , Labrique F., Buyse H., Matagne E. -Dunod, Electromécanique . Convertiseurs d’énergie et actionneurs . /Grenier D. , Labrique F., Buyse H., Matagne E. -Dunod, Paris. – 307.
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