Abstract |
Zueva Julia
Faculty: of Ecology and Chemical Technology
Minerals and еkological geology department
Speciality: Ecological geology
The them of master`s degree work:
Environmental Effects of coking industry (for example Avdeyevka Coke Plant)
Leader: a doctor is geological sciences Volkova T.
Abstract
The topicality
The enterprises of by-product-coking industry are closely connected with coal industry and also with metal manufacture that’s why the great number of the enterprises of all these industries is situated in Donetsk region. This close connection introduces the major reasons of the catastrophic environment in Donetsk region. Environmental situation is an ultimately important factor, which influences spatial configuration of the whole social and economic living and manufacturing efficiency. During the last decades environmental situation of Ukraine has considerably changed. One of the most important reasons, which influences aggravation of the environmental situation, is using of obsolete technologies by the by-product coke plants.
By-product-coking industry is one of the branches of industry which significantly pollute the environment. 7 large-scale enterprises out of 13 operating in Ukraine belong to the by-product-cocking industry infrastructure of Donetsk region. They are: JSC «Avdeevka Koksohimicheskiy Zavod» by-product-coke plant, JSC «Donetskkoks», JSC «Markohim», JSC «Enakievo Koksohimicheskiy Zavod» by-product-coke plant, JSC «Makeevka Koksohimicheskiy Zavod» by-product-coke plant, JSC «Yasinovataya Koksohimzavod» by-product-coke plant, CJSC «Koksan» [1]. Chemical composition of emission consists of a wide spectrum of pollutants. The process of coke production is attended by solid and liquid wastes, sewage, pollutant gases which are the sources of the environmental pollution.
The long-time monitoring of the environmental pollution near the by-product-coke plants showed instability of its distribution both in space and time. That’s why it’s very topical now to investigate the changes of environmental situation at the by-product-coke plants as it is the essential part of industrial load in Donetsk region.
The idea of the work. The main factors of the environmental degradation at the by-product-coke plants are coal quality and instability of the mode of operation.
The aim of the work is to investigate interconnection between composition, pollution density and processing technology and coal quality.
The tasks of the research:
The object of the research
Avdeevka by-product coke plant belongs to the largest European by-product coke enterprises and is in the top ten of the most dangerous enterprises of Donetsk region.
The subject of the study is ecological assessment of feedstock quality for the by-product-coking industry.
Scientific value (novelty)
Scientific value of the work lies in the connection between emissions of the by-product-coke plant and the quality of the coals which are produced in Donetsk coal basin.
The practical value
The findings may be used while training and also at the by-product-coke enterprises to assess coal quality and environmental consequences of its use.
Approbation of the findings
«VII international theoretical and practical conference-exhibition Environmental issues of industrial megalopolises». Report upon the topic: the influence of the by-product coke enterprises on the environment.
Publications
The article «The main environmental pollution sources of the by-product coke enterprises» is prepared for publication.
Review of the researches on the given topic
The main technologies of by-product coke process are expounded in the book «Technologies of the by-product coke process written» by R.E. Leybovich, E.I. Yakovleva. Raw materials base, black coal qualities and manufacturing scheme of coal treatment during the cooking, including coal preparation are also examined. There are described master data about production of coal charge and consistent coke, the technologies of recovery and processing of chemicals, received from coal charge during its cocking in modern coal furnaces. The issues of environmental protection are considered.
Quality of the coals, supplied to the by-product-coke plants influences chemical composition of emission.
V.Y. Dolgiy, A.A. Krivchenko, V.A. Dolgaya scrutinized coal quality rating (ash content, dampness, sulphur content, devolatilization, combustion heat), produced on the mines of Ukraine. They noted that the main problem of the coal quality which are supplied to the enterprises is high sulphur content.
The works of L.Y. Kizilshtein and Y.E. Yudovich are devote to study of genesis, content and distribution of sulphur. They single out some groups of elements, including sulphur, which concentrate in different parts of coals.
V.G. Kler, A.P. Dorofeev, O.G. Rumyanceva and others studied brazil (sulphur pyrite).
Use of Donetsk fiery and jet coals while coking is described in the work of S.G. Aronov. The process of thermal decomposition of the coals and coke, gas and by-product manufacture are considered. Compilation let us come to the conclusion that it’s reasonable and efficient to use fiery and jet coals for coking.
The work by A.Z. Yurovsky is devoted to ascertainment of interconnection between different kinds of sulphur (total sulphur, organosulphur, pyrite sulphur). It is affirmed that the quantity of organosulphur is higher than the quantity of pyrite sulphur in low-sulphur coals. The more pyrite sulphur content the more orga nosulphur, but rate of the latter rise is much slower. Pyrite sulphur definitely prevails over organosulphur in polysulphide and high-sulphur coals.
Fig. 1. Technological process of coke produce. GIF-animation, 8 frames, looped repetition, 7,5 Kb
G.P. Pushkarev and V.D. Pleten considered measures to reduce environmental pollution while by-product-coke process.
Methodology of the study
Findings, conclusions and guidelines
- Dependency of composition and volume of emission according to the stages of processing is studied
- The distribution of sulphur in the coals is investigated;
- The contribution of each emission point in the total amount of environmental pollution by by-product coke plant is calculated;
- The quality of the coals supplied to the enterprise is studied;
- The guidance on reduction of environmental consequences of the coke and by-product process is worked out.
Literature
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