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ABSTRACT
Introduction
Successful development of business is a result of the rational management based on use of the information on possibilities of the enterprise.[3]
Hence, business development is caused by presence at the enterprise of the corresponding economic potential. Thus for effective development of business it is necessary to have system of the economic information adequate to market relations, opens its possibilities. In turn, possibilities of any economic subject (enterprise), in other words its potential, in market conditions of managing are defined by different factors, and first of all presence of the property of the enterprise. The result of use of the property, depends on enterprise of managers, means an effective utilisation of potential of the enterprise. Definition of strategy of development of the enterprise is based on presence at it potential.
The scientific and practical problems lifted in research, are directly connected with the decision of specific targets on formation and development and introduction of innovative activity in use of potential of the industrial enterprises as bases of increase not only their competitiveness, but also efficiency as a whole.
Theme’s actualiti. In modern conditions of a high competition, conformity of the internal environment of the enterprise to market requirements, is the major factor of successful activity and causes of its constant transformation. The main motive power of economic growth today are the innovations introduced as on manufacture, so in operation and consumption. World practice shows that working out and introduction of innovations is not only a way to increase of competitiveness of the enterprise, but also serious stimulus of economic development of the country.
The scientific novelty. The system estimation of development of potential of the enterprise is offered allows to supervise from the different parties activity of the managing subject.
Practical importance of the received results. The analysis of the enterprise for following directions is carried out: the analysis of a property condition of the company, налезет solvency on the basis of liquidity indicators, the analysis of current activity, the profitability analysis. Specific proposals on increase of efficiency of use of industrial potential of the enterprise are developed.
The practical importance of research is defined by possibility of use of separate positions of the dissertation by working out is standard-legal, scientifically - Methodical and other kinds of maintenance of state support the small industrial enterprises.
Purpose and research tasks. Development of theoretical positions and substantiation of the recommendation about formation of a complex estimation of industrial potential of the enterprise. Achievement of an object in view demands the decision of the primary goals:
- to define industrial potential of the enterprise as an economic category;
- to hrove methodical approaches to an estimation of industrial potential of the enterprise;
- to offer recommendations about system engineering of an estimation of industrial potential of the enterprise.
Object of researches process of formation of a system estimation of development of industrial potential of the enterprise in modern economy of Ukraine is.
Subject of researches is theoretical positions and methodical maintenance of an estimation of development of industrial potential of the enterprise.
Theoretical and methodological questions of formation of potential of the industrial enterprises, its structure, the organisation of use, working out of methods of diagnostics, a choice of a direction of development of potential yet have not received the permission. It is considered an actual problem for today.
Methodological base of research is works of domestic and foreign scientists and experts. In dissertational work standard legal certificates and the standards regulating activity of subjects of business, and also the data of regional and municipal statistics (2006-2008 гг), materials of congresses of representatives of business, results of sociological researches are used.
Basic part of master's degree work
In the first part scientifically - research work the maintenance and a role of potential of the enterprise - инноватора are analysed essence of potential and industrial potential of the enterprise, and also the estimation of efficiency of innovative programs of economic value is spent. [13]
Because potential of enterprise in basis to it it is the hidden possibilities of enterprise, for an analysis and further introduction of innovations it is necessary initially to define the basic structure of potential of enterprise (Fig.1).
Figure 1 - Structure of potential of enterprise
(animation: volume - 72 932 byte; size - 794х559; consists of a 9 shot; delay between shots - 1sec.; delay between the last and first shots - 5sec.; amount of cycles of reiteration - 0)
A basic problem in research of productive potential of enterprise consists in that all his elements function simultaneously and in an aggregate. I.e. productive potential is system, thus difficult and dynamic, as exactly intercommunications between the separate constituents of potential carry out direct influence on his elements, modifying initial properties and conformities to law of their functioning, assisting the same to passing of potential to the new high-quality state as single unit, i.e. systems of higher order. Thus, only from the known features and conformities to law of functioning of separate elements it is impossible to show out features and conformities to law of functioning of productive potential as systems on the whole.
Dynamism of industrial potential of the industrial enterprises is caused by influence of innovations, instability of external factors of managing, tactical conditions of production. Owing to influence of these factors constantly there are certain structural shifts in industrial potential, and also qualitative and quantitative changes of technical and economic indicators which characterise it.
As a whole efficiency of functioning of industrial potential defines degree of achievement of some potential result of activity of the enterprise for the certain period of time.
As to a financial component by this time and it is not generated the uniform approach to its estimation, therefore it is considered the most difficult.[22]
In the second, practical part of research work it is analysed productive activity of the investigated enterprise, expounded methodical providing and intercommunications of factors of forming of efficiency of productive potential are conducted.
Methodical recommendations will be considered on forming of complex potential of enterprise, namely подоходный, expense, market approaches.[23]
Profitable approach at the estimation of objects of the real estate is included by two methods:
- Method capitalisations of incomes;
- the Method of the discounted monetary streams.
Real estate Cost pays off under the formula:
With = ЧОД / capitalisation Factor
Where With - a current project cost of the real estate;
ЧОД - the pure operational income;
СК - the capitalisation rate.
Application expenses the approach includes some stages:
- ground area cost on which there are buildings, constructions Is defined.
- regenerative cost or cost of replacement of a building and a construction for the valid date of an estimation Is estimated.
- all kinds of deterioration of buildings and constructions taking into account their physical, functional, technological and economic ageing Pay off.
- residual cost of buildings and constructions as a difference between reproduction cost (cost of restoration or replacement cost) and cumulative deterioration Is defined.
- the overall cost of object of the real estate by means of addition to residual cost of buildings and constructions of cost of the ground area pays off.
Comparative (market) approach is presented:
- the method of comparison of sales;
- the method total rent the animator.
The third part research work is devoted recommendations about perfection of the mechanism of increase of industrial potential of the enterprise one of which it is offered to consideration.[14]
The method allows is system to establish quantitative and qualitative communications between separate elements of potential, level of its development and competitiveness and on the basis of it in due time to prove and realise administrative decisions on increase of efficiency of functioning of the enterprise. It has some theoretical aspects which are necessary for considering at a substantiation of administrative decisions.
The grafoanalitichesky model to enterprise potential gives the chance to establish relationships of cause and effect between separate making elements to enterprise potential, to carry out optimisation, to prove and realise administrative decisions for increase of efficiency of economic activities.
The given method provides use of a rating estimation of potential of the enterprise on the basis of the chosen indicators. As the base for comparison gets out value of indicators for some periods or value of indicators of potential of competitors.
As to directly methods of an estimation it is possible to allocate the following: [16]
- the method of application of integrated (factorial) model;
- the method of expert estimations of financial factors or financial indicators;
- the combined method;
- the vertical and horizontal analysis of the reporting, the analysis of current activity of the enterprise.
The final stage of an estimation of innovative potential provides definition of level of innovative activity of the enterprise by means of a generalising indicator - factor of innovative activity of the enterprise which calculation is made by the following technique:
Р in.act. = (Рі * W і),
Where Р ин.акт. - level of innovative activity of the enterprise;
Рi - an expert estimation of use of i elements of innovative potential, points;
Wi - factor of weightiness of i elements of innovative potential.
The estimation of level of innovative activity of the enterprise is expedient for carrying out on the following scale: from 0 to 4,0 - low level, from 4,1 to 8,0 - an average level, from 8,1 to 11,55 - high level. Results of an estimation of a condition of elements of innovative potential should lay down in a basis of working out of the series of measures, directed on increase of innovative activity of the enterprise.
Degree and problems of development of research theme. Questions connected with introduction of innovations in industrial activity and its influence on competitiveness increase, are widely considered in the domestic and foreign literature.
Within the limits of DonNtU it would be desirable to allocate:
- Kogtevoj Elenas Mihajlovny. The purpose of its work is perfection of a technique of an estimation of financial and economic efficiency of innovations of the enterprise. [1]
-
Kravchenko S.I., Kladchenko I.S.research of essence иновационного potential//Proceedings of Donetsk national technical university. A series: the economic. Release 68. - Donetsk, DonNtU, 2003.
This article is written in the co-authorship with the supervisor of studies к.э.н. Kravchenko of S.I.work is continued the analysis of a problem of formation of essence and the maintenance of an economic category «innovative potential» in aspect of transition of Ukraine to new innovative model of development. Authors specify and add essence of this category, its structure, and separate kinds of functioning in the economic environment is revealed. Thereby the horizon of a problem is outlined and the base for the further theoretical and practical researches is created. [6]
- The Frost Victoria Vasilevna "Formation of a system estimation of development of potential of the enterprise" - DonNTU, 2009.
- Vasilishina L.N. of "a problem of perfection of a control system in industrial potential of the enterprise" - DonNTU, 2009.
Within the limits of a world recognition of works:
-
Lisin B.K., Fridljanov V. N. Interstate social and economic research of innovative potential.
In the document endurances from research materials are resulted (proceeding from requirements of a theme investigated by the master), котрые are based on the original presented on a site www.inti.kz. On this site results of interstate social and economic research of innovative potential 5 countries-participants CIS are presented: Russia, Ukraini, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova, spent to the period with 2001 for 2002 on the basis of confirmed 21.06.01. Economic Council of the Concept of an interstate innovative policy of the state-participants CIS till 2005.
-
In activity of the enterprises S.JU.Glazyev, A.A.Dynkina's works are devoted the Problem of innovations, And. M.Zhichkina, P.N.Zavlina, S.D.Ilenkovoj, A.K.Kazantsev, N.D.Kondratyev, V.G.Medynskogo, A.M.Muhamedjarova, L.N.Ogolevoj, A.G.porshneva, A.I.Prigozhin, V.J.Gorfinkelja, N.P.Maslennikovoj, V.N.Gunina, J.V.Jakovtsa, etc.
-
Many aspects of a problem of management are considered by innovative process in works of foreign scientists: G.Ansoffa, R.Zejlera, G.Mensha, N.Moncheva, B.Santo, B.Tvissa, M.Hucheka, I.Shumpetera, R.Young, etc.
-
To questions of a competition and competitive advantages, G.L.Azoeva, B.Alstrenda, I.Ansoffa, A.P.Gradova, I.B.Gurkova, V.S.Efremova, F.Kotler, N.J.Kruglovoj, M.I.Knysh's works, J are devoted competitiveness of the goods and the enterprises. Лэмпела, G.Mintsberga, N.K.Moiseevoj, M.Portera, A.G.Tsyganov, R.A.Fathutdinova, etc.
The basic scientific results characterised by novelty, consist in the following:
- Are allocated, along with общесистемными, special principles of activization of innovative activity (a recognition приоритетности innovative factors, a right protection of innovative ideas, information interrelation, innovative participation, interest in results of the work, the state support), following which will allow to raise competitiveness and efficiency of activity of the industrial enterprises;
- Methods of stimulation of activity on search and realisation of new ideas by formation of groups on activization of innovative activity at the enterprises Are proved;
- The basic stages and procedures on promotion of new ideas Are allocated: the organisation of selection and creation of bank of innovative ideas; working out of the official form of innovative offers; creation of conditions for initiative display; maintenance of an effective feedback with developers of innovative offers;
- Are developed quantitative and quality indicators according to activization of innovative activity that provides its productivity and minimises risks;
- Process of sequence of stages of activization of innovative activity at the industrial enterprises (definition of ways Is proved; system engineering of measures, maintenance of constant monitoring), allowing to estimate real resource possibilities of the enterprises and to provide possibility of updating of accepted decisions;
- Methodical recommendations Are developed according to personnel innovative potential of the enterprise, allowing to calculate the size of the award to the concrete worker depending on its personal contribution to process of activization and to increase of efficiency, productivity and quality of innovative activity.
Conclusions and future research
Potentials of the industrial enterprises are directly connected with rates of social and economic development of the country [17]. Improvement of their use promotes growth of manufacture of investment resources and the consumer goods at the same expenses of social activities. And their qualitative characteristics define degree of satisfaction material and spiritual needs of the people and quality of economic and social growth.
Highly appreciating the contribution of the above-named scientists and the results received by them, it is necessary to notice that level of a readiness of a problem of development of potential of the enterprise on the basis of innovations, with reference to the modern validity, is represented insufficient. Quickly varying situation demands more detailed studying of a considered theme, searches of new approaches and methods.
It is important to consider what to make active innovative processes at the enterprises it is possible, only constantly supervising their readiness for transformations. It is necessary to stimulate both heads, and experts of the investigated enterprises, their enterprise abilities to application of new methods of the organisation and management.
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Статья «Економічний потенціал підприємств промисловості: формування, оцінка, управління»
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At writing of the given abstract a master’s work has not been finished yet. Date of the work’s final end is on December, 1st, 2010. Full text of work and materials on a theme can be received from the author or her supervisor after the named date.
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