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Abstract

Content

Introduction

The choice of profession – is an important step in the process of self-determination of each person. It is necessary to adequately assess their personal qualities and practical skills, and then match them with the requirements for existing occupations.

Most of the graduates justify the choice of the future profession of their own interests, opinions of relatives or friends (others), only a small part of them makes it in accordance with their real abilities

Specific occupations have high requirements for psychological characteristics of personality. The negative consequences of a bad choice of profession may be dissatisfaction with their work, poor productivity, stress, feeling of social discomfort and uselessness, stress and irritability.

Professional orientation – is a system of scientifically based measures aimed at preparation to the choice of profession taking into account peculiarities of the personality, skills and socio-economic situation in the labour market, assistance in professional self-determination and employment [1].

The stages of decision making about the choice of future profession include:

  1. The compilation of a list of professions available in the field of interest.
  2. Familiarization with the detailed description of the data fields necessary for their requirements and level of training, nature of work and working conditions.
  3. Evaluation of real job opportunities in the chosen direction.
  4. Analyse and identify their own qualities and skills.
  5. Comparison of their results with the standards of the professions.

1. Theme urgency

The increased requirements of modern production to the level of professional training of personnel actualize the problems of professional orientation, because of professional intentions, a significant part of the students often do not meet the needs of the modern labour market.

The modern labor market offers a huge number of new professions. Young specialists, students and schoolchildren are very difficult to determine the choice of future profession in such conditions. Most often they need the support and advice of relatives, friends or professional consultants. Career choice is becoming more complex because of the diversity of human qualities and abilities, each person has skills in a certain area and can meet in many professions. In addition, increasingly rapid progress has led to the expansion of specialized fields of employment. The main problem is the difficulty of career choice among students is that they don't know how to make decisions and they do not have enough information.

A solution to this problem is to develop intelligent expert system, which is based on the assessment of personal qualities and professional skills of the individual will select the most appropriate profession. The use of software tools will allow you to make the right decision when choosing a future profession.

Preparation for career choice is an integral part of a comprehensive and harmonious development of personality, should be seen in unity and cooperation with the moral, labor, intellectual, political, aesthetic and physical improvement of the individual, that is, with the entire system of the educational process. Career guidance is an important moment in the development of every person and the functioning of society as a whole.

Issues of career guidance was considered by the Russian scientists K. M. Gurevich, A. E. Golomshtok, E. A. Klimov, T. V. Kudryavtsev, B. F. Lomov, A. K. Markova, K. K. Platonov, N. With. Brazhnikova, M. V. Zealous, V. D. Symonenko, S. N. Chistyakova, etc.

Foreign science-related problems professional orientation, research has F. Parsons, G. Eysenck and R. Cattell, K. Thomas, S. Freud, A. Maslow, K. Rogers, jade W., D. Super, A. by Anastasi, L. Tyler, D. Holland, etc.

The demands of modern society increase and the previously developed techniques used in career counseling today make full can't match them, because they lack the ability to include all the necessary personality characteristics and skills. In this connection, you need to develop a more modern approach to problems of occupational choice [2].

2. Goal and tasks of the research

The aim of the study is to develop an intelligent expert system of professional orientation of future IT-specialists on the basis of methods of fuzzy logic.

This goal is achieved by solving the following tasks:

  1. A study of the modern labour market and to identify the most popular professions in the field of IT.
  2. Study of professional standards, requirements of employers and the views of experts and the compilation of a list of personal qualities and professional skills needed to work in the field of IT.
  3. Research and analysis methods and models used to solve the problem of vocational guidance.
  4. The development of a new approach the formation of professional recommendations on the basis of fuzzy logic and expert assessments.
  5. Software development is implementation of an expert system guidance.
  6. The testing of the software.
  7. Assessment of the correctness of the results of the program.

The main purpose of the system is professional consultation of students and graduates, as well as the presentation of information in the form convenient for the analysis of the results of vocational guidance.

Developed software tool will be used to study predisposition of the students or as online professional consultation when choosing a career in the field of IT. It is possible to use this product in employment centers and foster campaigns of universities to assist in selecting the study areas.

The use of the program will allow:

  1. To improve the efficiency and reliability of the process of career counseling.
  2. To provide the opportunity for an independent professional identity for pupils, students and to determine their professional preferences and level of fitness to a particular profession.
  3. To improve the efficiency and flexibility of the admission campaign in universities by monitoring students.
  4. To reduce the processing time of the results and to provide information support of decision-making about the choice of professional direction.

3. Application of fuzzy logic for solving the problem of selection of profession

For each position, certain qualities should be formed at a high level and the other at a lower. To meet the requirements of a specific occupation IT specialists must have certain dominant qualities [3, 4]. Based on professional standards and the wishes of the employers, was developed the reference model of the IT professions (figure 1).

Figure 1 – Reference model of the IT-professions

Figure 1 – Reference model of the IT-professions
(animation: 7 frames, 6 cycles of repetition, 183 KB)
(Ki – quality, Pj – profession)

A linguistic variable is a set of <β, T, X, G, M>, where:

β – name of linguistic variable;

T – is a basic term set, the set of values of a linguistic variable that represents the names of fuzzy variables;

X — universum of fuzzy variables, scope;

G — syntactic procedure for the generation of new terms;

M — semantic procedure, which converts the new value of a linguistic variable fuzzy variable, that is, forming the corresponding fuzzy set [5].

Scale of evaluation is set with the linguistic variable K=[K1, K2, ..., Kt], t = N .

β – level of quality or skill;

T– {Low, Below average, Average, Above average, High};

X — [0;1]

M — how to set on X = [0, 1] of fuzzy subsets is presented in table 2.

Table 2 – procedure for the assignment of fuzzy subsets

The level of quality/skill Numeric value of the indicator Числовое значение показателя
High 0,81 — 1,0
Above average 0,61 — 0,8
Average 0,41 — 0,6
Below average 0,21 — 0,4
Low 0 — 0,2

N - number of qualities/skills (44).

L – number of levels of proficiency quality/skill (5).

Pj – profession..

U = [Umin, Ui, ..., Umax] – is the degree of conformity of the profession.

Kt - the required level of quality or skill.

Kr - is a real level of quality or skill.

General rules:

IF Kr ≥ Kt ТО Pj is suitable for Ui = 1/N.

IF Kr < Kt ТО Pj is suitable for Umin = (1/N)/L, Ui = Umin + Ui-1, Umax= 1/N.

Find: Pj = max ∑1N Ui

Based on the compiled rule base will be allocated to the most suitable profession and formed the overall rating of the compliance professions.

Conclusion

Master thesis is devoted to the topical issue of vocational guidance of future specialists of IT-sphere. In the performed research completed:

  1. A study of the labour market and identify the most popular professions in the field of IT.
  2. Based on the study of professional standards and requirements of employers compiled a list of personal qualities and professional skills needed to work in the field of IT.
  3. A new approach the formation of professional recommendations on the basis of methods of fuzzy logic.

Further research focuses on the following aspects:

  1. The qualitative improvement of the proposed approach.
  2. A complete rule base for solving the problem.
  3. Software implementation of the expert system of career guidance.
  4. The testing of the software.
  5. Assessment of the correctness of the results of the program.

Qualitative analysis of data is possible when there is full information about professions, skills, and personal qualities. Thus, the selection of the most suitable career is advantageously carried out using an expert system, which will allow to get an objective assessment of conformity of the skills and qualities of the professions in the field of IT and match the most suitable. The use of fuzzy indicators will take into account all the requirements for specialists in this field.

When writing this abstract master's work is not yet complete. Final completion: may 2018. Full text works and materials on the subject can be obtained from author or his supervisor after the specified date.

References

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  2. Ивашина А.В. Модели и методы построения систем интеллектуальной поддержки профориентации : дис. канд. техн. наук : 05.13.01 / Ивашина Анастасия Владимировна. - Красноярск, 2008. - с. 4-8.
  3. Насейкина Л.Ф. Автоматизация подбора персонала IT-отдела // Вестник ОГУ. 2014. №9 (170). с. 191.
  4. Насейкина Л.Ф., Соколова И.М. Автоматизация поддержки принятия решения подбора персонала IT-отдела на основе оценки профессионально-значимых и личностных качеств кандидатов // Технические науки - от теории к практике: сб. ст. по матер.XXXIII междунар. науч.-практ. конф. № 4(29). – Новосибирск: СибАК, 2014.
  5. Выклюк А.В., Землянская С.Ю. Разработка методики оценки компетентности сотрудников IT-отдела с помощью систем нечёткого вывода // Информатика, управляющие системы, математическое и компьютерное моделирование в рамках III форума «Инновационные перспективы Донбасса» (ИУСМКМ – 2017): VIII Международная научно-техническая конференция, 25 мая 2017, г. Донецк: / Донец. национал. техн. ун-т; редкол. Ю.К. Орлов и др. – Донецк: ДонНТУ, 2017. – с. 281-286.
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