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Abstract

Содержание

Introduction

One of the main problems of managing a modern enterprise or organization is their rapid development and change in accordance with modern market principles of functioning and growing requirements of society. The external conditions of the functioning of a modern organization relate to various indicators of its activities, require the flexibility of the management system, and hence the effective organizational structure, as one of its most important elements. The process of implementing changes in enterprises and companies is becoming a new conceptual approach to management. In this connection, the processes of changes in the whole system of operation of the enterprise and its organizational structure, including processes, people, consumers, as well as different models and methods of their practical implementation, become of particular importance.

Changes in the strategy, production processes, structure and culture of the enterprise can be carried out gradually, in the form of small steps, or radically, in the form of large jumps. In this connection, respectively, speak of the evolutionary and revolutionary model of change. Revolutionary changes can be imagined in the process of reengineering.

The purpose of the work is to study the theoretical foundations of strategic change management, to analyze the process of reengineering in the transport industry, and to develop recommendations for the implementation of strategic changes.

The object of research is the process of managing strategic changes in the industry.

The subject of the study is the principles, forms, methods of managing strategic changes.

1. The essence and methods of management of strategic changes in the transport sector

Strategic changes represent the totality of the forces of the environment, which occur as a result of the interaction of more complex causes and affect the organization from the outside. There is no one universally optimal change strategy, although you can often hear about the success of managers who work both in business and in public administration (especially higher), quickly make large-scale changes (for example, privatization) without thinking, knowledge, experience and even the work of people affected by such changes. This approach can be useful for a very short time, and using it for a longer period of time often leads to high costs, and not to positive changes, which increases the efficiency of organizational processes.

Managing changes is a process of finding and solving problems, so managing change means moving from a problem state to a solved problem. Changes are an integral part of any enterprise or organization, as the environment in which it exists is dynamic and variable. Therefore, an enterprise must respond to changes in the environment through the effective implementation of changes.

In today's conditions, a reengineering method is vital, which aims to fundamentally increase the efficiency of business processes, and the means is the creation and implementation of the original, crazy idea, which can not only improve the process, but also change it dramatically.

The concept of reengineering the transport industry has a lot of different interpretations. Areas of its application are so diverse and not similar to each other, that even among specialists in this area of management is still not a common point of view. From the corporate point of view, reengineering is definitely a large-scale review of activities based on the modernization of all work processes and the use of the latest information technology. The mass media often see this overhaul of a veiled way to make massive job cuts is a compulsory measure taken by the administration to save business.

2. Analysis of the world transport system

The fundamental element of the world transport system is transport, which plays a leading role in material production. Without transport, it would be impossible to overcome the territorial divide between the production and consumption of goods and services. According to the World Bank, the world transport market today is estimated at 4.2 trillion. dollars (6.8% of world GDP) [8]. Today, transport has a complex, multi-polar, interconnected structure that is oriented towards innovative technologies and consumes a significant part of the world's natural and energy resources.

According to the classification of the Inland Transport Committee (ITC) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) the world transport system is divided into: rail, road, inland water, sea, river, air, pipeline transport [9]. In a number of post-Soviet countries there is an additional gradation of transport, such as tram and trolleybus.

The main reasons for the growth of the length of the world transport system for all types of transport is due to the dynamic development of international transport corridors. International transport corridors (MTC) are concentration on the general directions of public transport (rail, road, sea, pipeline) and telecommunications.

3. Analysis of the transport system of the Russian Federation

Today the Russian Federation continues to create conditions for the socio-economic development of the national transport system, primarily with a view to improving the quality of transport services, reducing the total cost of a society dependent on transport, improving the quality of life of the population through access to safe and high-quality transport services, strengthening the innovative, social and environmental focus of the transport industry.

Russia's transport system is one of the most developed (in the metric dimension) in the world. The main types of transport in are: rail, road, aviation, pipeline, sea and inland water transport.

Powerful incentive in the development of the transport system of provided the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of November 22, 2008 No. + 1734-p, as amended by the Government of the Russian Federation on June 11, 2014, No. 1032- p.

Conclusion

In the context of radical changes in the transport industry, there is an urgent need for new tools and techniques that can help organizations become more effective. Reengineering is one of the most advanced tools of this type. Foreign and Russian companies often face such challenges, whose solutions are virtually impossible with the help of traditional knowledge and management paradigms. With this in mind, more and more executives are in search of new, unconventional ways to achieve competitive advantage. An appeal to reengineering is due to the need to develop a fundamentally new business model. The degree of effectiveness of the organization, of course, largely depends on the effective implementation of its business processes.

There are presented the results of theoretical studies on management of organizational changes in the enterprise in this paper. The basic concepts are studied: strategic change, change. The paper analyzes the world transport system and the Russian Federation, analyzes cargo turnover, passenger turnover, the number of transported cargoes and passengers, and the same rolling stock in the respective countries. Implementation of the strategy mainly requires significant changes in the organization that can occur during reengineering, organizational changes, or the introduction of innovations.

Thus, in modern conditions the role of reengineering in the transport sector becomes actual. This method will overcome the inertia in management, and change the existing business processes, which will allow you to successfully adapt to the current conditions of management and eliminate the systemic problem in the industry.

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