Abstract
When the abstract was writing this master's work was not complete yet. Final completion: june 2018. Full text of work and materials on the topic can be obtained from the website after this date.
Content
- Introduction
- 1. Topicality
- 2. Goal and tasks of the research
- 3. Overview of researches and developments
- 4. Potential technologies
- Conclusion
- References
Introduction
We live in the modern world, where technology has taken a solid step in achieving goals, both for the individual and for the whole world. Technologies are developing at an amazing speed; if 10-15 years ago, people only comprehended such a science as wireless connection to the network using WI-Fi technologies, now this is commonplace.
In my work I will try to tell you how it all began, and what current telecommunication systems are striving for, in particular. Technical and economic support of telecommunications networks requires solving a whole range of tasks, including monitoring and managing the network, planning and efficiently deploying the network infrastructure, ensuring information security in telecommunications networks, preventing fraud, managing services, planning and developing new services, providing high-quality service, and increasing satisfaction and customer loyalty.
1. Topicality
Эффективность систем телекоммуникационного взаимодействия непосредственно зависит от эффективности работы различных информационных технологий. Для качественного предоставления услуг и поддержания своей конкурентоспособности операторы телекоммуникаций должны эффективно использовать имеющиеся у них всевозможные телекоммуникационные ресурсы. Отметим, что не всегда в условиях прироста абонентской базы и условий напряженного бюджета компаний возможна модернизация телекоммуникационного оборудования и наращивание пропускных способностей транспортных сетей операторов.
Актуальность проблемы усиливается с ростом объемов трафика, ограниченностью региональных сетевых ресурсов, с увеличением расходов на расширение полосы пропускания и потерь от несанкционированного пропуска трафика. Поэтому решение данной проблемы является актуальной задачей, а наиболее действенной мерой, направленной на достижение заданных показателей экономической эффективности, является повышение доли трафика, локализуемого внутри сети оператора.
2. Goal and tasks of the research
The purpose of this work is to analyze in detail the existing mobile communication technologies, and to study in more detail the connection of the new generation 5G.
The achievement of this goal is carried out by solving the following research problems:
- Existing mobile networks.
- Familiarity with the innovative 5G technology;
- Potential technologies in 5G stacks;
3. Overview of researches and developments
Currently, programs are underway to develop the basic outlines of the fifth generation standard. That is why the exact definition of 5G cannot be given yet, one can only predict what the networks will be after 2020. It is obvious that in the future many more devices will be connected to the network, most of which will work on the principle of “always online”. In this case, a very important parameter will be low power consumption.
5G network requirements
Services in 5G networks
4. Potential technologies
MIMO technology means using multiple antennas on transceivers. The technology, successfully used in fourth-generation networks, will find application in 5G networks. At the same time, if MIMO 2x2 and 4x4 are currently used in networks, the number of antennas should increase in the future. This technology has at once two weighty arguments for application: 1) the data transfer rate increases almost in proportion to the number of antennas, 2) the signal quality improves when the signal is received by several antennas at the expense of Receive Diversity.
Currently, LTE networks operate in frequency bands below 3.5 GHz. For the full functioning of 5G mobile networks, it is necessary to deploy networks in more free high-frequency bands. Increasing the frequency at which information is transmitted decreases the communication range. This is the law of physics, it can only be circumvented by increasing the transmitter power, which is limited by sanitary standards. However, it is believed that the base stations of networks of the fifth generation will be located denser than they are now, due to the need to create a much larger network capacity. The advantage of dozens of GHz bands is the large amount of free spectrum.
To provide high-quality service in 5G networks, support is needed for existing standards, such as UMTS, GSM, LTE, and others, such as Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi technology base stations can be used to offload traffic in particularly busy places.
The device-to-device technology allows devices located close to each other to exchange data directly, without the participation of the 5G network, through the core of which only the signaling traffic will pass. The advantage of this technology is the ability to transfer data to the unlicensed part of the spectrum, which will further unload the network.
Conclusion
According to NGMN representatives, 5G networks for business audiences and ordinary users should be deployed in 2019. So along with the listed qualitative characteristics, 5G-networks will create new opportunities for users, such as the Internet of things, as well as broadband media services and real-time communication in areas of natural disasters. As base stations and mobile devices require 5G standards for new and faster processors and software applications, leading media manufacturers, chip makers such as Advanced Semiconductor Engineering (ASE) and Amkor Technology, Inc., are preparing the production of the corresponding products.
References
- Бертсекас Д. Сети передачи данных / Д. Бертсекас, Р. Галлагер – пер. с англ. - М.: Мир, 2003. – 562 c.
- Поскакухин В. Н. Вопросы разработки и стандартизации систем 5G в МСЭ-R
- FUTURISTIC MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES FORESEE “IMT FOR 2020 AND BEYOND”
- Таненбаум Э.С. Компьютерные сети / Э.С. Таненбаум – СПб.: Питер, 2003.– 848 с.
- Collis B. Networking and Distance Training for Teachers: Classification of Possibilities. Journal of Information Technology for Teacher Education. V 4. № 2, 1995, p. 34–40.
- Максим М. Безопасность беспроводных сетей / М. Максим, Д. Полино. - М.: Компания "АйТи"; ДМК Пресс, 2004. - 288 с.
- Григорьев В.А. Сети и системы радиодоступа / В.А. Григорьев, О.И. Лагутенко, Ю.А. Распаев. - М.: Эко-Трендз, 2005. - 384 с.
- Олифер В.Г. Основы сетей передачи данных / В.Г. Олифер, Н.А. Олифер.- Интернет-университет информационных технологий, 2005.
- Тихвинский В.О., Бочечка Г.С. Концептуальные аспекты создания 5G