|
Presently the heavy terms (high temperature and dust) of knots work of metallurgical machines make to search new ways of quality perfection and necessary properties of lubricating material. The correct choice straight affects reliability and long duration of work of the oiled knot of machine. Both theoretical and practical researches showed that the correctly chosen sort of lubricating material prolonged the term of service and exploitation of mechanism, that in its turn leads to the minimum expenditures on repair and to the rise of income.
One of the main tasks is determination of properties and state of lubricating material, and knowledge about its properties and terms of work would allow us to improve terms and prolong time of knot work of machine, to improve reliability and easiness of technical service.
The purpose of work is: determination of rational terms of bearing knot greasing by the plastic greasing.
Задачи: 1. To define operating properties of the plastic greasing.
2. To define the parameters of bearing knot work.
3.Comparative computation of lubricating material quality .
4.To develop the rules of lubricating materials choice.
5. To define the rational method of greasing (serve periodicity, terms of replacement, direction and quality).
6.Repair influences on replacement of greasing.
The given dependences and results will help to understand better all chart scheme bearing knot work with the use of the plastic greasing in conditions of metallurgical machines work. Complex approach to estimation of the bearing knot state on the basis of analysis of the used plastic greasing will be developed.Defined by experimental way rational terms of greasing will allow practically to improve long duration and terms of bearing knot service.
The plastic greasing are the mineral butter (up to 90%) and zagustitelem. Soaps are used as zagustitelya. Soaps are salts of higher fat acids, including ions of alkaline metals (calcium, sodium).
Work of the plastic greasing. Zagustitel is a metallic soap, that forms a box for butter - the latticed fibred framework filled by a butter. Squeezing of butter from this sponge out takes place under act of mechanical forces and temperatures.
Depending on zagustitelya the following plastic greasing are distinguished: calcium, sodium, lithium. Depending on the temperature of drops falling the following types are distinguished: low temperature, middle temperature, high temperature. Plastic lubricating materials are on purpose: non-frictional, protective.
The plastic greasing are characterized: by the temperature of drops falling, consistency , water content, presence of free acids or alkalis, quantity of ash, the quantity of mechanical admixtures.
Indexes of properties
On the properties the plastic (consistency) greasing take intermediate place between the hard greasing and butters. Mainly greasing consist of two components: liquid basis (mineral, vegetable, synthetic and others butters) and zagustitelya (hard hydrocarbons, different salts of high molecular fat acid soap, silikagels and bentonits, other products of organic and inorganic origin). In addition, they contain the additives, improving the usage. Quite often in addition of greasing different flavours : characteristics molybdenum, powdery metals or their oxides, mica and etc.
Zagustiteli, particularly soaps, in the process of greasing preparation, form its three-dimensional structural framework in the cells of which butter is kept.
Литература.
1. Смазка металлургического оборудования. Гедык П. К., Калашникова М.И. Издательство «Металлургия», 1971, 376 с.
2. Трение, изнашивания и смазка : Справочник. В 2-х кн./Под. ред. И. В. Крагельского, В.В. Алисина. – М.: Машиностроение, 1978 – кн. 400с., ил. В пер.
3. Расчеты грузоподъемных и транспортирующих машин. Иванченко Ф.К. и др. Издательское объединение «Вища школа», 1975, 520с.
|