The main direction of development of the coal industry is the creation of coal mining enterprises of the mine is langwall, ensuring bring coal from the lava to 20000 tons per day. Intensification of production will reduce the cost of the coal by increasing productivity, reducing the total number of mines (and, consequently, capital and transport costs and to maintain their structure) and improve the safety of mining operations. The example of working off of a mine layer is resulted in figure 1.
Figure 1 - The scheme of working off of a mine layer is resulted (quantity of shots - 20; quantity of cycles of repetition - 50; the size - 17,9 КВ)
Relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the development of coal is characterized by an increasing intensification of pressure on the breakage face. To realize such a production is important to provide the necessary scope of work that is timely preparation of the production faces when they are working out the opposite way.
Scientific significance of the work lies in the fact that the ability to combine to provide the combination of such operations over time, such as:
can significantly reduce the duration of the working cycle passing generation, and the possibility of passing the workings of high-quality sides and the soil - much to improve its efficiency by reducing the amount destroyed by the mass and significant reductions in backing.
The practical value of the results. At the preparatory workings in rock mass can occur include increased strength, notch which modern machines to ensure they can not. Be used as alternative blasting excavation impractical due to low performance and high-risk activity. Therefore, further enhance the level of tunneling machines today is the urgent problem of development of mining machinery. The literature often stresses the need to broaden the scope of tunneling machines in the rocks of high strength. However, a clear and feasible options for its solution is still unavailable. Based on the analysis of theoretical studies and experimental data, identified the following directions for solving this problem:
On the other hand, intensification of production can be achieved:
That is the justification structure of the executive body of miner combine and is dedicated to my master's thesis.
Figure 2 - The dependence of the required rate of penetration of daily production at the length of lava and power reservoir, respectively 250m and 2 m (a) and 200 m and 1,5 m (b)
Figure 3 - Continuous miner with the longitudinal centerline crown
Figure 4 - Continuous miner with transverse axial crown
Heading machines swept IO exercise consistent treatment of face cutting head. Depending on the type of crown distinguishes IO: a longitudinal axis (radial) crown (Figure 1), with cross-axis (axial) crown (Figure 2).
It is obvious that in view of the design features swept-IO from the cross-axial drill bit processing quality slaughter worse than when working with IE longitudinal centerline crown, there is a characteristic waviness profile of the longitudinal section of output. Despite the proposed solutions in the operation of tunneling machines of this class are significant variations in the amplitude of the executive body, leading to violation of the integrity of the array delineation generation rock busting rocks and other negative phenomena.
It should be noted that the executive body of transverse osovoyu crown is preferable from the standpoint of sustainability miner combine than an executive body with a longitudinal centerline crown, as the force of rotation, which should be attached to an arrow to move it in the first case is much smaller than in second. This is due to the fact that when applying a horizontal cross-axial crown force on the rotation affect only the power supply to the incisors, but not cutting forces, which are located in planes perpendicular to the direction of flow. However, it should be noted and disadvantages ispognitelnogo body of this type:
One of the conditions for safe and efficient work during the development workings in the mines of Ukraine is to ensure their stability at minimum cost securing materials. Lining made of heavy sections of special rolled steel (arch support), in conditions of considerable stress state of rock mass does not provide the stability and maintenance-free maintenance of workings. Their construction is not easily mechanized labor-intensive process. Material-powered supports reducing the technical and economic parameters of penetration and, to a large extent, hinders the pace of developments. In recent years, becoming more common in the coal and mining industry gets a roof bolting, increases the stability of mine workings and allows you to increase the pace of the preparatory work with saving money on maintenance.
The use of roof bolts in mines of advanced coal-mining industry has allowed a factor of 5-10 to reduce the amount of metal, concrete, wood, 3-5 times more productive when mounting openings; 2-3 times to increase the rate of penetration, to halve the cost of fixing and maintaining the lining in working condition while operating.
An important advantage of roof bolts is a rectangular shape cross-section generation, which greatly facilitates the preparation of the heading team, and most importantly increasing their pace, allows the use of cutting discs with cutters, and hence allows you to work in a high-strength rock.
According to [8] search on the contour generation is even with the automated control of up to 20% of the production cross section in the rough (kS = 1,2). Determining influence on the value of brute force, along with the kinematics of the executive body and the shape of the crown has a precision machining slaughter, provided the control system processor. Decrease of kS can be achieved by improving the quality of implementation of complex and precise movements of the executive body that causes the application of intelligent control systems.
Block diagram of the tunneling system for development workings in the sinking of breeds strength to 120 MPa at a rate of 800-1000 m / m must provide:
In conclusion I would like to note that work on improving coal technology to maintain and further concentrating Designers on issues such as the selective mining of coal, availability, and others combine to ensure high rates of penetration processor should be designed as a mechatronic system with intelligent control system, which provides among other functions: