Abstract
Content
- Introduction
- 1 Goal and tasks of the research
- 2 Review of research and developments
- Conclusion
- References
Introduction
Presently one of main problems in the field of perfection of technologies of incineration of fuel the boiler rooms of our region is a necessity of simultaneous decision of intricate and often mutually exclusive problems increases of economy of his incineration and reduction of extrass of contaminents in an atmosphere. In modern scientific and technical terminology the simultaneous decision of these tasks is formulated as energyecological optimization of incineration of fuel.
Such optimization is possible due to the increase of stake of proceeded in the used sources of power resources in power balance [1-3]. On this basis, at the beginning of 2013 by the deputies of the Donetsk city council The Complex program of handling woodwastes and translation of coal boiler rooms was ratified on the use of hard arboreal biopropellant.
For realization of this program Main administration of equipping with modern amenities and public service of the Donetsk town council and The Donetsk municipal heating system planned to modernize boiler rooms with the purpose of decline of prime price of the released thermal energy and improvement of quality of the given services in District Heating, and also decline of extrass in an atmosphere.
Economic value from introduction of power equipment working on fuel пеллетах, obvious: prices on gas, coal and oil-fuel will constantly grow to the level of world; the questions of utilization of woodwastes decide; woodwastes – ecologically clean fuel.
1 Goal and tasks of the research
The aim of work is development of events and projects on the decline of prime price of energy and extrass of harmful extrass in an environment, due to introduction in the caldron cities of Donetsk, power equipment working on fuel pellets.
The main tasks:
- To analyse the manufacturabilities of пеллетов in city Donetsk.
- To investigate description of pellet used in boiler rooms as a fuel.
- To consider descriptions of pellets caldrons.
- To estimate ecological and economic effects of boiler rooms working on proceeded in energy (pellets) sources.
Object of research: caldron cities of Donetsk.
Subject of research: processes of decline of prime price of energy and harmful extrass in an environment.
2 Review of research and developments
A company ECOTERM in city Bodaibo to the Irkutsk area [4] it was made decision and thermal, aerodynamic and прочностные calculations are produced on the construction of flue-boiler of heat output 2,5 MVt/hour on woodwastes. It was projected pre-heating for incineration of wastes, analogical to already tested in-process pre-heating to the caldrons of КЕ- 10-14. The serve of fuel comes true from the bunkers of "skirt" by means of loader accomplishing recurrently-forward motions from maslogidrostantsy. After a caldron an ash device and air heater are set. Taking of gases comes true by means of induce-draught fans through a metallic flue. At tests a caldron produces 4,6 MVt instead of project 2,5. Sizes of caldron are a 2,5x2,5 m. Actually one caldron closes the requirement of combine in a heat on heating, ventilation and technology.
In propulsion AO the Forest energy a fire-box device is worked out and inculcated to the caldron of DKVR-10-13 at maintenance without the changes of existent arrangement of equipment. Analogical devices with insignificant changes can be applied and to the caldrons of other types. After the wall of building before front of caldrons a bearing-out fire-box device is executed. Heating, where incineration of pellet is, unites with a caldron flue long a 6 m and more. Absence over of surfaces of heating in heating and flue is brought to the good reheat of volatile constituents of fuel. At creation of the bearing-out heating kept possibility to work and on gas or fuel oil. At such reconstruction, moving away of ash is necessarily envisaged from convective part of caldrons.
As a result of operational tests of the steam boiler DKVR - 10-13 -type external combustion chamber reached safe operation of a boiler in the range from 60 % load to 100 % of the nominal. In the absence of heat loss from the chemical incomplete combustion efficiency boiler is 80,4-80,0 %. Such a decision by the burning of wood waste with the help of remote firing devices can be used for the KE-type boilers, KV-GM and others[5].
Conclusion
Тhus, analyzing the sources of literature , taking into account international experience, considered the comparative characteristics of various fuels, the planned reconstruction of the boiler, is promising in view of the economic and ecological situation in the city of Donetsk.
References
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