Abstract
Content
- Introduction
- 1. The essence of the concept of «environmental safety»
- 2. Ecological problems of the chemical industry
- 3. Assessment of the level of Ecological safety
- Conclusion
- References
Introduction
Recently, the threat to the safety and comfort of a person begins to come from an unfavorable state of the environment. First of all, this is a health risk. Now there is no doubt that pollution of the environment can cause a number of environmentally caused diseases and, in general, leads to a reduction in the average life expectancy of people affected by environmentally unfavorable factors. It is the expected average life expectancy of people that is the main criterion of ecological safety.
Ecological safety concerns industry, rural and communal services, services, and international relations. In other words, ecological safety is firmly embedded in our lives, and its importance and urgency is growing year by year.
The aim of the work is to show the role and place of ecological safety in the modern world.
The object of the study is ecological safety.
The subject of the study is ecological safety in the chemical industry.
Methods of research in the work were: analysis of scientific works and practices on the subject of research, a systematic approach.
1. The essence of the concept of «ecological safety»
Ecological safety in modern conditions is considered as an integral and important part of the security of the individual, society and the state. The main subject of ensuring ecological safety is the state, which exercises its functions in this area through the bodies of the national legislative, executive and judicial branches[1].
The concept of "ecological security" can be considered as a state of protection of the natural environment and vital human interests from the possible negative impact of economic and other activities, emergency situations of natural and man-made nature, their consequences [2].
The concept of "ecological safety" is shown in picture 1.
Picture 1 – Ecological safety.
(Animation: size - 146 KB; frames - 6; repetitions - 5)
For a long time, the concept of security was interpreted in the narrow sense: the security of the territory from external invasion, the protection of national interests through foreign policy activities, global security from the threat of nuclear annihilation. This concept applied more to states than to people. Developed countries are busy solving their social and economic problems, competing for markets. Developing countries that have recently gained independence are acutely aware of any real or perceived threats to their fragile national sovereignty. For ordinary people, security lies in an uncontrollable daily life. For many of them, this means no threat of disease, hunger, unemployment, crime, social conflicts, political repression and environmental disasters. For most people, the feeling of insecurity is more the result of the anxieties of everyday life than from the premonition of a worldwide catastrophe. The history of the development of civilization shows that there is a certain competition between safety and quality of life[4].
The solution to the security problem must be sought on the basis of agreement between political, environmental, economic and social requirements. The state plays a decisive role in ensuring ecological safety[5].
2. Ecological problems of the chemical industry
The ecology of the chemical industry is one of the most pressing issues in the industry. The problem of environmental safety in the work of industries in this industry has not previously been so widespread. But now it is of great interest to the entire professional community.
The ecological problems of the chemical industry carry one very unpleasant property. As a result of the production of this branch of man's economic activity, substances that are 100% artificial and not food for any organism on the Earth appear or are synthesized. They do not enter the food chain, and, therefore, are not processed naturally. They can either be accumulated, or disposed of or recycled in the same artificial industrial way. To date, their processing significantly lags behind the generation and accumulation. And this is the main environmental problem.
The chemical industry today is one of the largest sources of environmental pollution in our country. And this concerns not only the amount of substances emitted during the operation of the productions, but also their toxicity and poisonousness in case of accidents. Therefore, great attention to the heads of enterprises and state bodies is paid to compliance with technical regulations, as well as rules for the transport of dangerous goods[6].
3. Assessment of the level of Ecological safety
There are a lot of methods for assessing environmental safety. These methods can be conditionally divided into 3 approaches:
- The method of rationing.
- The method of environmental risk.
- The integral indicator method.
It is important to note that regardless of the chosen method of environmental safety assessment, it is very important to evaluate the initial criteria by which such an assessment will take place[7].
Conclusion
The state of ecological safety is the result of the impact of a number of factors - anthropogenic, technogenic, political, economic, social, moral, psychological, legal, inadequate preparedness of the authorities for conducting environmentally oriented economic and social policies, low efficiency of environmental protection activities of law enforcement agencies, the impact of a number of external ecological threats , dangers and risks.
Ecological safety is part of the national security system. Not ensuring the proper conservation of natural resources, surrounding the natural environment, it is impossible to achieve sustainable preservation of national security. The preservation and preservation of national natural resources is directly related to the care of the health and life of the present and future generations and the state as a whole.
References
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