Українська   Русский
DonNTU   Masters' portal

Abstract

Content

Introduction

1. The relevance of the research topic

Increasing the level of competition in the markets of consumption goods coal mining industry special values, issues related to the development and application of innovative technologies of management of coal enterprises, a part of which is control system of inventory. However, it is well known that the formation of a control system of this part of circulating assets of the enterprises are still many unresolved problems. One of the main causes of this condition is the insufficient development of the main provisions of the systems of management of industrial enterprises ' stocks under the conditions of market transformation of the economy.

For the formation and development of the concept of systems of control of inventories, determination of their role in enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises is very important to study the issues of inventory management in the face of uncertainty. In this context, the economic science in the industrialized world pays great attention to the problems of quality training and timely support of production. It should be noted a considerable contribution to the formation and development of the main provisions of the control of inventories of such foreign scientists as: Bowersox D., D. closs, D. Headley, Ackoff, R., Schonberger, etc [1]. The research of foreign scientists was carried out on the example of economically developed countries, industrial enterprises which are many decades in the conditions of market relations has accumulated and developed the basic principles and approaches to improving management of inventory.

As for domestic studies, most of them focuses on the adaptation and introduction of analogues of control systems of production supplies used by foreign enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. The fundamental work of V. Grineva, V. Gavrilenko, J. Shoemaker, I. Blanca, Lepi that have appeared in recent years, do not cover the whole range of issues that arise in the new conditions of transformation of forms and methods of management of domestic enterprises [1]. In particular, it should be noted a number of gaps concerning the formation of control systems of production stocks of mines in the conditions of uncertainty of demand and the duration of the production of a functional cycle. The need for further research in this direction led to the selection of topics and research methods, as well as its goals and objectives.

The purpose and objectives of the study

The purpose of this diploma is the subsequent development of theoretical positions, methodological approaches and development of practical recommendations on improving the inventory management operating in market conditions of industrial enterprises on the basis of the use of logistic approach; the essence of the current production of inventory, in-depth analysis of their actual condition and use in the coal industry. [5].

To achieve this goal the author has formulated and solved a number of theoretical, methodological tasks:

- to analyze the existing approaches to the management of material resources;

- to learn features of realization of the logistical approach to management of material resources in terms of coal industry;

- to study theoretical bases of formation and functioning of the system of control of inventories of industrial enterprises in modern conditions;

- to define the place and role of inventories in the economic activities of coal mining enterprises;

- to generalize domestic and foreign experience of optimizing inventory management in an industrial enterprise and development of recommendations of increase of efficiency of their use in the mining industry.

The subject of research

The economic relations associated with the use of reserves and sources of funding; theoretical, methodological principles and applied aspects of materials management (inventory) of the enterprise on the basis of logistic approach.

The object of the study

The material flows of working capital of industrial enterprises; the processes of formation and functioning of the system of control of inventories of industrial enterprise. Methodology and research methods Theoretical and methodological basis of research is the General provisions of economic theory, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on issues of management, logistics, Economics. Used the methods of abstraction and generalization – in the formulation of concepts and categories of logistics, classification, systematic approach in developing a logistics system inventory management enterprise.

Also used specific methods of research: grouping, comparison, system analysis, correlation and regression analysis, economic-mathematical modeling.

Information base of research was made on relevant legislative and regulatory documents, official statistics, literature.

Scientific novelty of obtained results

The master's thesis carried out a comprehensive justification of inventories, sources of their formation, of the logistics system. This gave the opportunity to obtain specific results, which constitute the scientific novelty and obtained personally by the author, namely :

- clarified new theoretical and methodological aspects of the definition of the economic nature and effectiveness of the use of reserves in the conditions of transformational economy, which gave the opportunity to clarify their essence, composition and structure;

- generalized experience of formation of logistic systems of management depending on the organizational-legal forms of management;

- developed proposals for the application of optimization models in inventory management and improvement system organization of the inventory management systems that will allow in each specific case to find the most effective forms of their use;

- improved methods of assessment of efficiency of use of production resources, which will allow to strengthen control over their use and sources of their formation.

Practical significance of the obtained results

The results of scientific research that have practical significance are the following: the proposed methods for optimization of reserves, the coal industry will improve the level of management and control over their duration of turnover, which will objectively improve the quality of planning of sources of funding; the use of the results of the study will provide an opportunity to improve the efficiency of economic activities of the mining industry by optimizing the structure of inventories and the sources of their funding.

The main content of the work

1. Theoretical aspects of functioning of logistic system of inventory management of industrial enterprise.

In recent years, many entrepreneurs have turned their attention to a trendy word like "logistics". However, the term logistics is often misinterpreted. This leads to the fact that the introduction of concepts, methods of logistics in practice, in most cases, not always successfully, because it requires changing the way of thinking of the leaders in approaches to organization of activity of the enterprise, as well as additional financial investments.

Logistics is the modern science of rational organization of production and division. Through this science it is possible to ensure the delivery of any goods in the shortest possible time and with the least labor, material and financial costs.

From the point of view of the Manager and the businessman who operates in the field of marketing, logistics is interpreted as follows: an organization planning and management of the preparation and purposeful use of the tools and services necessary to solve specific tasks.

As shown by theoretical research, logistics is characterized by unsteady categorical apparatus and terminology. A variety of definitions of logistics and logistics number of terms is associated primarily with the fact that evolved the concept of logistics, because that is the definition, objects of study and scientific approaches of logistics has changed and refined with the development of market relations.

Logistics system (LS) is an adaptive feedback system that performs certain logistic functions (operations), consists of subsystems and has developed internal communication and communication with the external environment.

In the implementation the obvious advantages of the logistic approach to the enterprise management at the present stage of development of enterprises, its implementation is hampered by the existence of certain problems, one of which is the lack of methods of formation of logistical systems which would be characterized by relative simplicity and high adaptability to the action of external and internal environment.

One of the most important factors of efficiency of logistics systems are inventory flows that do not receive the necessary attention, as evidenced by the absence of a single definition of the essence of reserves as an economic category. As evidenced by the analysis of publications on this problem, work in the modeling industry inventory management of material resources is at the stage of theoretical research, although its practical significance is undeniable.

Stocks as an economic category play an important role in the production and circulation of products. The study of the economic nature of reserves dedicated to the works of Russian and foreign authors.

Stocks have several important functions that contribute to increased flexibility in the management of the company: piling; protection from inflation; cost management through the use of a discount that depends on the order quantity

ЗStock – a key element of the economic system, which smooths out the uneven production, exchange, division and consumption of material goods [8].

In production logistics play a big role in the processes of timely supplying all necessary materials, blanks, semi-finished components. Overseas specialists have developed and implemented several systems to manage these processes: 1) МRP (Materials Requirements Planning) - planning material requirements planning system manufacturing resource; 2) the “KANBAN” method that provides efficient regulation of the quantity of held products on every stage of mass production; 3) “Just-in-time”; 4) ORT - (Optimized Production Technologies) - optimized production technology; 5) DRP (Distribution Requirements Planning) - a system of management and planning division product [7].

On the basis of research of foreign and domestic experiences in the development, implementation and operation of different systems forming material flows argues that the formation of such systems occurs only on some types of production organization: mass, volume, serial production. However at this time there is no finalized system of forming material flows, which would be equally suitable for all types of businesses.

2. Methodological bases of forming of material flows.

It is anticipated the study of problems related to material flows in the enterprise and sources of their formation [9].

The problem of determining the duration of the period of rotation of flows is very relevant, because it affects the volume of production and sales. Her decision needs to attract additional funds from external sources to Finance the manufacturing process [6].

The important direction of perfection of process of formation of reserves and increase of efficiency of management in terms of reforming the economic system is to determine the optimal size of the reserves. In foreign practice management working capital focus on much more. The basic directions of optimization of working capital, the following: optimization of funds, optimization of accounts receivable management, optimization of the formation of inventories.

3. Improving the efficiency of material flows in supply chains.

Will be considered the directions of improvement of working capital management.Important to be the solution to the problem of stabilization and strengthening of financial stability of enterprises through increased utilization of available production reserves [10].

Control over the movement of material flows must be implemented in accordance with the following principles: 1) to deliver the materials you need only those that are used in production; 2) the size of the stock of each type of raw materials set with the average floor stock that contains the current need, preparatory and warranty reserves; 3) storage organize modern resource-saving technologies; 4) reserves should be subject to full accounting, marking; 5) set the only release raw materials into production – by the method of average price, LIFO, or FIFO [4].

In the conditions of vagueness of environment of existence of the enterprise is hard enough to adhere to scheduled performance and to determine the need for sources of funding reserves, will be offered the formula to calculate the average investment in inventory (z):

Calculation of average investments in inventories

Formula 1 – Calculation of average investments in inventories

wheredf – the sum of balances of inventories at the beginning (end) of the period in monetary terms;

f – the sum of balances of finished products in physical terms at the beginning (end) of the period calculated for each i-th type of stocks [2];

Insights

The specificity of formation and use of materialnyh flows in supply chains of predefined assignment in a public re-creation is, first, to ensure the continuity and sustainability of the production process and sales of products, secondly, the mobilization of internal production reserves. To clarify the classification of material flows, definitely the main groups of factors influencing their composition and structure, namely: supply, production, marketing.

Development of effective logistic system formation and management of material flows is the key to the successful functioning of enterprises in conditions of economic constraints. Its implementation should:

- implement a system to monitor the movement of material flows in the production process to optimize the cost of transportation, storage and preparation for production start-up;

- increase the intensity of use of material flow through the acceleration of their rotation.

Literature

  1. Кальченко А.Г., Кривещенко В.В. Логистика: Учебное пособие. – Вид. 2-ге, без изменений. – К.: КНЕУ, 2008. – 472 с.;
  2. Башун Милена. Экономико-математическое моделирование процесса управления запасами предприятия / М.Башун//Схід. – 2008. - №2. – с.43-45;
  3. Савенкова Т.И. Логистика: учебное пособие для вузов/ Т.И.Савенкова. – 3-е изд., стер. – М.: ОМЕГА-Л, 2008. – 255 с.;
  4. Повышение эффективности финансовой деятельности угольного предприятия путем усовершенствования системы управления производственными запасами/ Х.Ю.Церфас, Т.Б.Сайгіна//Актуальні проблемы развития финансово-кредитной системы України/ Донец.нац. техн. ун-т. – Донецк, 2008. – с.44-46;
  5. Пути эффективного управления оборотными активами промышленных предприятий/ В.П.Кодацкий//Актуальні проблемы экономики. – 2008. - №4. – с. 149-154;
  6. БауэрсоксД.Дж., КлоссДейвид Дж. Логистика: интегрированная цепь поставок, 2-изд./Пер. с англ. – М.: ЗАО “Олимп-Бизнес”, 2005. – 640 с.
  7. Логистика: учеб. Пособие / под ред. Б.А. Аникина, Т.А.Родниной. – М.: ТК Велби, Изд-во Проспект, 2006. – 408 с.;
  8. Оптимизация управления запасами материалов на предприятии/М.А.Маркелова, Т.Б.Сайгина//Актуальніпитання менеджменту в сучаснихумовах/Донец.нац. техн. ун-т. – Донецьк, 2007. – с.190-192;
  9. Основные проблемы управления материальными запасами/ Е.Волкова, Г.А.Портнова//Актуальніпитання менеджменту в сучаснихумовах/Донец.нац. техн. ун-т. – Донецьк,2007. – с.288-290;
  10. Сток Дж. Р., Ламборт Д.М. Стратегическое управление логистикой: Пер. с 4-го англ. изд. – М.: ИНФРА-М. 2005. – 797 с.;