Українська   Русский
DonNTU   Masters' portal

Abstract

Table of contents

Introduction

At this stage of development of modern science, there is an increasing need for the introduction of new technological innovations in the field of warehousing, namely, in the hoisting transport of this area. Since in developed countries, for the storage of the main volume of products high-rise warehouses are used (70% of the total turnover), it makes sense to study this industry. Storage at the warehouse increases the cost of production from 10% to 200% of its initial value. The capacity of the high-rise warehouse can vary from 10-13 thousand storage places to 250-400 thousand, which is 80% of the storage area. It is impossible to do without a warehouse, since at the moment there is no technology capable of perfectly synchronizing the creation and turnover of products between the producer and the consumer.

On the other hand, the constant desire to simplify and optimize warehouse processes makes it increasingly necessary to turn to the experience of other areas of human activity, often not even related. One of these problems can be called excessive pressure on the concrete foundation of the warehouse, created by static and dynamic stress. As a result of this pressure, cracks and subsidence occur in the foundation, which may not well affect the integrity of the warehouse structure. Because of this, when building a warehouse, about 30% of its value is spent on earthworks and the foundation. Implementing fresh ideas and technologies will help reduce the cost of building and maintaining the main part of the building.

Due to the fact that at the moment the warehouse uses a lot of lifting equipment of different working principles, but not one of these types does not solve the problem of uniform pressure on the ground to eliminate deterioration of the foundation integrity, and further reduce all related costs. One of the solutions to this problem is the introduction of an air cushion in a warehouse load transport. Due to its principle of operation, this problem will find a new solution in this type of transport, and its prospects and novelty, makes it possible to introduce innovations, which in the future may open new horizons for the warehouse industry as a whole. The above data suggests that this topic is relevant.

1. Relevance of the topic

Such a transport has several advantages: maneuverability (a quick turn by 360 degrees, around its axis not for acting additional space for maneuver), high load capacity (with small dimensions, it has a load capacity of 380 tons in this example, there are systems that move loads to 1000 tons, in theory, the load capacity of the platforms is unlimited), uniform distribution of weight over the entire area of ??cargo transportation, the possibility of remote control, the speed of movement and its range of regulation.

After deployment, mark:

Based on the advantages, you can see that the airbag largely solves the disadvantages of the currently existing types of intra-shop transport and lifting equipment.

2. The purpose, object and subject of study.

The purpose of this work is to study the history of development, introduce a classification of equipment, consider completing different types of equipment on an air cushion of intrashop transport depending on their purpose, consider using pneumatic wheels and the pressure they create on the floor.

Object of study: an air cushion in the process equipment of load-lifting vehicles

Subject of research: the processes of movement of loading and unloading technological transport on an air cushion.

3. Analysis of work on the topic

Air cushion transport is a transport with a dynamic principle of maintenance that can move at high speed both above water and above a solid surface at a short distance above it, on a so-called air cushion formed by air pumped under the bottom.

An air cushion is a layer of compressed air under the bottom of the vessel that lifts it above the surface. The absence of friction on the surface reduces the resistance to movement. From the height of the rise depends on the ability of such a device to move over various obstacles on the surface over which the air cushion moves. [ 1 ]

Figure 1 - Airbag Device

Figure 1 – Air cushion device

The need for innovative modernization of the domestic economy due to its steady lag in labor productivity (2-3 times) compared with developed countries. This lag can be explained by the fact that in many sectors of the national economy the transition to III and IV technological orders has not been completed, and the formation of the fifth structure was lost due to unsuccessful market reforms. The technological development of the national economy is characterized by a pronounced unevenness: the high-tech sectors of the national economy are located on the 5th and 6th technological lines, and the rest are on the 3rd. The heterogeneity of technological structures creates a lot of problems in the functioning and development of the national economy of domestic production.

Works of scientists Ankifiev V. O., Gorbushin A. R., Kursakov I. A., Lysenkov A. V., Tretyakov V. F., Fomin V. M., Hozyayenko N. N., Chevagin A. F., Shipovskiy G.N., Surzhik V.V., Murzinov V.L. basically, they proceed from the aforementioned thesis, which provides the basis for a possible direction of science, namely, for hoisting a hovercraft, as this The technology will solve the basic problems of wheel transport, by replacing the movement of the body in the working plane. [ 2 , 3 , 14 ]

The main point that rested on the works [ 3 , 4 ] was the problem of the impact of the wheeled transport on the foundation. Typical representatives of such vehicles are trucks, rokhla, forklifts, side stackers and their varieties. But this way of interleaving cargo, like a pneumatic wheel, transfers pressure to the foundation in the place of its contact, creating a concentrated stress. But the distribution and load between the wheelsets will vary depending on the workload of the vehicle. Since the transport can move across the warehouse area, the loads from the wheels will alternately act on the warehouse foundation.

The result of such a deficiency can be cracks in the foundation and its sinking in areas of intense load, which adversely affects the quality of the support surface. [ 4 , 5 ]

It is also mentioned by many authors that, along with other lifting machines in warehouses and in-house production, the airbag provides several advantages, namely low noise, smooth running and small areas for turning, which can change the rules of operation and construction of warehouses. Basically, these studies are devoted to the work of [ 5 , 6 , 7 10 ]

Along with the development of automated and remotely controlled systems, there is a tendency to introduce these management methods in all areas of industry. In the works [ 8 , 9 ], solutions and implementations, systems for remote and automated management of air assets cushion used off-road transport.

At the end of the section, I would like to note that this direction is quite young (originates in the 60s of the last century), and requires the introduction of more mathematical approaches to the study and understanding of the workflow, this is mentioned by Surzhik VV [ 3 ], where he looks at the structural and mathematical approach to the industry. He also mentions that in this industry there is a small amount of work that mentions the parameters that tie the work of a hovercraft to the conditions of a warehouse or industrial facility (dimensions, maneuverability, speed of movement, etc.) from this, the fact that there are some nuances and the features of the work of the HIP are not considered deeply enough, because of which the introduction of transport has some operational problems, along with a large number of advantages. [ 3 , 11 , 13 ]

4. Planned practical results

As a result of the master’s work, mathematical models should be developed whose aim is to associate the parameters of the working area with the performance data of the NTT.

In the technological part of the master’s work, it is planned to develop a combined TVP model for work in warehouses, which will include the advantages of full-wheel transport and TVP. Also, there will be given the economic justification for the introduction of the model for production, taking into account the structural introduction, changes in the mode of operation and simplification of production. In the last sections, will be considered labor protection in the workplace with this type of transport and transport, which will work in the same room, as well as the safety of life and civil defense.

References

  1. [Электронный ресурс], https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ – статья в интернете.
  2. Любимов В.И. и др. «Суда на воздушной подушке: устройство и эксплуатация.» Москва: Машиностроение 1984, – 312 с.
  3. Дворянинов В.Г., Сорокин Э.А. «Внутрицеховой транспорт на воздушной подушке» Москва: Машиностроение, 1989. – 348 с.
  4. Агейкин А.С. «Специальные главы теории автомобиля: учеб. пособие» Москва: МГИУ, 2008. – С. 297.
  5. Транспортные средства Мовит на воздушной подушке //Промышленный транспорт. – 1984 – №8. – С.25-26.
  6. Борьба с шумом на производстве / Е.Я. Юдин, Л.А. Борисов, И.В. Гореншнейи и др.; Под общ. ред. ЕЯ. Юдина – — М.: Машиностроение, 1985. – 400 с.
  7. Константинеску В. Н. Газовая смазка. – М.: Машиностроение, 1998. – 718 c.
  8. R. М. Сог1еss, G. Н. Gоnnеt, D. Е. G. Наге, D. J. Jеffгеу and D. Е. Кnuth. On The Lambert W Function./Advances in Computational Mathematics.– 1996. – №5 – С. 329-359.
  9. Залманзон Л.А. «Специализированные аэрогидродинамические системы автоматического управления» . – — М.: Наука, 1998. – 468 с.
  10. Мурзинов В.Л.» Малошумный пневмоконвейер с дозированной подачей сжатого воздуха в воздушную подушку // Известия вузов». – М. Машиностроение. –2007, №10.–С. 44–50.
  11. Мурзинов В.Л.» Автоматическая стабилизация толщины воздушной подушки и снижение шумоизлучения в пневмоконвейерах // Автоматизация и современные технологии». – 2008, №10. – С. 3–9.
  12. Суржик В.В. Структурно-параметрический синтез математических моделей экранопланов. – Иркутск, 2012. – 184 c.
  13. [Электронный ресурс], http://www.aircaft.ru/aviation-encyclopedia/sh/2752-shassina-vozdushnoy-podushke.html – статья в интернете.
  14. Анкифиев В. О., Горбушин А. Р., Курсаков И. А., Лысенков А. В., Третьяков В.Ф., Фомин В. М., Хозяенко Н. Н., Чевагин А. Ф., Шиповский Г. Н. Методика исследований аэродинамических эффектов при включении вектора тяги // Техника воздушного флота. – 2011. – № 4. – С. 39–46.