Abstract

Content

Introduction
1. Relevance of the topic
2. The purpose and objectives of the study
3. Review of research and development
4. The main results of the study . conclusions
Conclusion
References

Introduction

At present, the issue of ensuring food security is one of the priority areas for the development of individual states and the world as a whole. The priority of this problem is associated with the growth of the world's population, and the accompanying threat of a food crisis. The existing import dependence of the Russian Federation on basic food products can lead to a lack of food supply for the population, an increase in the proportion of the hungry population and a general decline in the standard of living in the country.

Relevance of the topic

One of the most important conditions for creating an atmosphere of stability and prosperity in a particular country or throughout the world is to ensure food security. Today in the Russian Federation (RF) there is a complicated situation in the sphere of providing the population with food in connection with the economic sanctions from the United States and the European Union countries, as well as the retaliatory embargo of the Russian Federation. In connection with these circumstances, it is necessary to study the trends of the Russian food market, as well as opportunities for effective industrial cooperation within the BRICS, which will lead to an increase in food security in the Russian Federation.

Purpose and objectives of the study, planned results

The aim of the thesis is to improve food security of the Russian Federation in the context of the BRICS.

In accordance with the set goal, the following tasks are set in the work:

- to study the essence and criteria for assessing food security;

- to analyze the current level of food supply to the RF;

- to analyze the trends of the BRICS food market;

- to analyze the prospects and propose recommendations for improving food security of the Russian Federation in the context of the BRICS.

3. Research and development overview

The World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) deals with food issues, assessing the security and availability of food at the international level. Polichkina E.N., Medyanskaya O.A., Kostikova A.V., Klimova N.V., Demin S.Y. were engaged in the issues of increasing the efficiency of agriculture to fully meet the need for food products

The main results of the study.

In the first section, the essence and criteria for assessing food security were studied, and the world experience in ensuring food security was studied. The second section analyzes the food security in the Russian Federation. The discrepancy between the actual level of consumption and the established medical standards for the main groups of goods, presented in Table 1, was revealed.

Table 1 - Comparison of rational consumption rates with actual consumption and production in the Russian Federation

Product	Average per capita product consumption				Norm kg / year / person	Share of domestic consumption from the norm, %	Actual level of domestic production, %
Product	2005/ 2007	2008/ 2010	2011/ 2013	2014/ 2017	Norm kg / year / person	2017	2005	2009/ 2012	2013/ 2016	2017
Bread products	108	101	98	96	96	100	–	–	–	–
Potatoes	75	67	64	59	90	66	98	97	97	94
Vegetables and melons	89	94	98	101	140	72	78	83	87	85
Fruits and berries	54	65	74	73	100	73	37	30	35	33
Sugar	33	32	32	31	24	129	–	–	–	–
Meat products	67	76	83	86	73	118	62	72	84	90
Fish products	17	20	22	22	22	100	–	–	–	–
Milk	245	255	267	268	325	83	81	81	78	81
Eggs, pieces	206	212	218	221	260	85	98	98	97	97
Vegetable oil	11	11	11	11	12	92	–	–	–	–

The main factor in the increase or decrease in consumption of certain food products in the Russian Federation is their price, from which it was concluded that the purchasing power of the population is low despite the sufficient level of supply from domestic producers. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of production of the livestock and crop industries, it was concluded that the efficiency of land and livestock use is low compared to global indicators. To cover the missing volumes of food, the Russian Federation is forced to import products, for the period from 2005 to 2017. supplies increased 7 times, while exports grew 5 times, which indicates a negative trade balance and the emergence of import dependence in the food sector (Fig. 1)

Figure 1 - Export and import of food in the Russian Federation for 2005 – 2017 Примечание: составлено авторами по данным: [43]

The food market of the BRICS countries was analyzed, it was revealed that the countries of the association are world leaders in the production of basic food products, with a total share of more than 30-50% of the world market (Fig. 2)

Given that the BRICS countries are home to more than 48% of the world's population, they are also the main consumers of food products in the world. 2005-2017 the capacity of the BRICS food markets has almost doubled. The leading food producer among the countries of the union is China, which accounts for 43.8% of the total food production. Based on a comparison of the added value created in agriculture per worker with the indicators of developed countries, it was concluded that agricultural productivity in the countries of the unification is low, since the resources in the countries are insufficient for the development of production of all types of products in each individual country. In this connection, it is advisable to switch to specialization in individual food products of each of the BRICS countries and conduct mutually beneficial trade. On the basis of the calculations, a matrix for the selection of trade partners with food products for the Russian Federation within the BRICS is proposed. The matrix will allow, due to specialization, to reduce the costs of manufactured and imported products due to economies of scale of production, thereby taking possession of an even greater share of the world market. This cost reduction will also make products more affordable for the poor, not only domestically, but also within the association, which will also have a positive impact on the overall level of food security and increase food security.

Conclusions

ВThe trend of growth in the capacity of the food market of the countries of the grouping was revealed, the most significant factor of which is the constant population growth in these countries and, as a result, the growth in demand for food products, as well as the growth in the average calorie content of food. It also revealed the presence of potentially effective interaction of the BRICS countries in food production. In this connection, a matrix was proposed for the selection of food trade flows within the BRICS, which will cover the demand of the population of the Russian Federation in all groups of food products by 100%, increase the availability of products by reducing production costs and, accordingly, the final price of products, and thereby increase food security of the Russian Federation and the BRICS countries in general.

Lyashenko Ekaterina Alexandrovna

Faculty of Engineering and Economics

Department of international economics

Speciality International management

Enhancing food security of the Russian Federation in the BRICS context

Scientific adviser: Ph.D., Assoc. Shabalina Lyudmila Valerievna

Abstract

Content

Conclusions

List of used literature