Faculty: mining and geological
Department: geodesy and geo-informatic
Speciality: geoinformational systems and technologies
Abstract of master's thesis topic:
"Research of standard pecuniary evaluation of estates and making automatized systems for it"
Supervisor: assistant professor
Alexandr Petrushin
Introduction
Today computers have entered practically all
spheres of human activity.
Geoinformational systems (GIS) – the total of
electronic chars and data base are becoming more and more popular at the
software market.
At the beginning of the development their use
was, as a rule, restricted, by a military sphere, but now with the spreading of
a variety cartographic reference books and a wide use of navigation equipment
for the wide circle of users, the sphere of application of GIS has greatly
expanded.
And if there is a demand for the good, there
is a supply.
The present
situation arises the increasing demand for reliable
and convenient GIS of a high quality, and accordingly for the specialists in the
field of geoinformational technologies of different level –for those who worked
out the software, as well as highly-qualified users[1].
At the modern stage we observe considerable
changes in standard pecuniary evaluation.
Standard
pecuniary evaluation and geoinformatics are integrated,
it becomes possible to put into practice the evaluation of Ukrainian estates.
The actuality of my topic lies in the fact
that now the pecuniary evaluation of Ukrainian estates is out by hand and its results
are not quite true and not free
from human factor.
So at present there is no existing common
standard of the program of standard pecuniary evaluation of earths of
The
main advantages application of automatized
systems in comparison with the traditional methods for determination of the standard pecuniary
evaluation are such factors as: decrease of labour expenditure for evaluation
of this or that settlement, as well as
increase of objectivity level while the calculation of different coefficients,
that influencing on the final value of a
certain estates[1].
Making of a universal automatized system for standard evaluation
of estates needs great labour
expenditure not only all its working out but also in the inserting a great amount of
initial data.
A person inserting these data has to know not only all the peculiarities
of the development of a town, but also have a good command of land lows of
Partial automatization makes it
possible to speed the process of standard pecuniary evaluation, and also to
exclude the impact of a human factor on final result, to make it more objective.
The final aim of standard pecuniary
evaluation of the estates of
The determination of standard value of a separate plot is carried out for[2]:
- land taxation (according to the low of Ukraine
«about land rent» the base for land taxation is the standard pecuniary
evaluation of the plot);
-rent of the plot;
- privatization of the estates;
- transfer of the land into the own ship, heritage, pawn, gift;
- calculation of total long-term assets;
- defining payment rate to the regulation funds of joint - stock companies, societies,
cooperative societies.
The aim of the work is automatization of the process of
calculation of standard pecuniary evaluation of the estates.
To fulfill this task it is
necessary to study legislative and normative-methodic base of
standard pecuniary evaluation.
So, the main stages have been pointed out:
1.
Determination of base value of
1.1
Determination of expenditure for development and equipping the territory
1.2
Determination
of Cl1
1.2.1
Determination of the number of the population of
the evaluated town
1.2.2 Entry into the suburb zone of town with the population of 100 thousand
people and more
1.2.3 Availability of resort status of the area
1.2.4 Entry into the
radioactivity zone
2. Determination of Cl2
2.1 Distinguishing of evaluated districts
2.2
Determination of li index (Transport-functional arrangement,
Ecological quality of the territory, engineering equipment Level, social town-building
attraction)
2.3 Unification of evaluated districts into evaluated
zones.
3 Determination Cl3 for a separate plot
4 Determination of Cf
Now let’s make a detailed consideration of every stage.
In accordance with «The methods of standard evaluation of the land of
agricultural destination and settlements» of standard evaluation of
, (1)
where - of standard
evaluation of 1square meter of the plot (hryvnias);
- Expenditure for arrangement and equipment of the
territory calculation on 1sq.m. (hryvnias);
- profit
standard (6%), (stated by the Cabinet of ministers of
- capitalization
standard (3%), (stated by the Cabinet of
ministers of
- coefficient,
characterizing functional use of the plot (for dwelling and public building,
for industry, transport, etc);
- coefficient,
characterizing the location of the land.
The coefficient of the location of the plot (Cl)
takes into consideration the influence of the location upon the general rental profit.
The meaning of the given coefficient
depends on the
integrated effect of the regional, zone and local factors groups and s
calculated by the formula:
, (2)
where –coefficient,
characterizing the dependence of rent profit upon the location of the settlement
in the state, regional and local production and settling systems regional
factors;
- coefficient,
characterizing the dependence of rent profit on the degree of town-building
value of territory of the town (economic-planning zones – zone factors);
– a
coefficient, characterizing dependence of rent profit on the location
peculiarities of the plot in the limits
of economic – planning zone – local factors.
Average value of
In accordance with "Order of standard evaluation of agricultural
lands and settlements" the average value of
, (3)
where - average value of
- expenditure
for development and equipment of the area according to
- profit
standard (6%), (stated by the Cabinet of
ministers of
- capitalization
norm (3%), (stated by the Cabinet of ministers of
- coefficient,
that is the product of coefficients
considering:
1) the number of population, geographical
position, administrative status of settlement and its economic functions ();
2) entry into a suburb zone with the population of 100 thousand
people and more ();
3) a resort status of the settlement ();
4) entry
into radioactivity zone contamination ().
Defining the given index for putting into practice the automatized standard evaluation of the
settlement is calculated either by reading the data from the DB tables
or by the direct entry of
information by hand.
The rent-formation process within the settlement is, as a rule, carried
out at rather big
and heterogeneous area, that is characterized by the complex interaction of natural and anthropogenic
landscapes, by the difference in the function
and planning qualities, by different level of profit from the use of the lands,
which leads to the heterogeneous display
of rent-forming factors.
This causes the
necessity of making a structure of land evaluation – pointing out the evaluated districts – functionally
homogeneous planning units, within which the further collection, processing and calculation of the
area quality coefficients are carried out.
The estimation areas are distinguished
within the settlements, are divided
by highways of town and district level, by the border of railway allotting zone,
by natural borders (streams, ravines, afforestation ,etc),
in some cases by the borders of industrial areas[4].
In the absence
of zoning or its inactuality, the process of picking
out the evaluation area is carried out in the automatized system by an expert
by choosing the blocks being functionally
homogeneous in his opinion.
The choice of the block is made with the click at vectorial base of the evaluated town.
Proceeding from "Order of standard
evaluation of agricultural lands and settlements" «within the settlement
the basic value of
The number of factors considered during the divining a certain
settlement into economic-planning is determined first of all by the size of this
settlement and the level of its social-economic development[5].
The end result of economic-planning dividing of the area of the
settlement is the determination of zone coefficient Cl2 is the
product of factor evaluation taking into consideration the weighty
characteristic of every factor.
The total of weighty
characteristics for factors must be equal 1,0[5].
The borders and the quality of economic-planning
zones and the meaning the coefficients Cl2
are not in advance planned parameters, and
are defined empiric way[6].
The meaning of the location coefficient Cl2 is
calculated automatically in the program by analysis all the factors and also their
weighty coefficients (the entry of weight by hand is possible) which
meaning must be represented
in a table.
The process of unification of evaluated areas into evaluated zones is carried out by the program
automatically on the basic of:
- adjacent areas,
- mainly functionally use of the same type;
- proximity of the index li
meanings ( quantity indices of separate evaluated areas should not be very different
from each other) .
The defining of the location coefficient of the plot is not reduced to
the meaning of Cl2 coefficient. Exept zone factors,
also local ones which list is represented in the table 1.7 of the "Order of standard
evaluation of agricultural lands and settlements" influence the size of rental income.
The establishment of the list of local factors and the substantiation their
meanings is carried out taking into consideration the data from table 1.7 "Order of standard
evaluation of agricultural lands and settlements" on the base of materials of the
general plan, the other town-building documents and the results of special
research.
The coefficient meanings applied
to each factor are suggested proceeding from their weight and taking into consideration
the conditions of point 3.10 of "Order of standard evaluation of
agricultural lands and settlements" the product of factor evaluated must not be
less then 0,50 and not more than 1,50.
The meanings of the local coefficients in the program are
entered by hand with the
restriction given above.
According to the point 3.10 of "Order of standard
evaluation of agricultural lands and settlements" the value of
The meaning of the coefficient of functional use in chosen by the program in accordance
with the functional use pointed out by the user.